Distributed power and supply architecture

• US 20030030326A1
• Filed: 08/12/2002
• Published: 02/13/2003
• Est. Priority Date: 08/10/2001
• Status: Abandoned Application

• Current Assignee: Shakti Systems Inc.
• Original Assignee: Shakti Systems Inc.
• Inventors: McShane, Erik A., Shenai, Krishna
• Application Number:
  US10/217,840
• Publication Number:
  US 20030030326A1
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 307/21
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 1/3203 Power management, i.e. event-based initiation of a power-saving mode
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 1/324 by lowering clock frequency
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 1/08 Three-wire systems; Systems having more than three wires
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 1/082 Plural DC voltage, e.g. DC supply voltage with at least two different DC voltage levels
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 1/10 Parallel operation of dc sources
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 1/008 Plural converter units for generating at two or more independent and non-parallel outputs, e.g. systems with plural point of load switching regulators
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 3/1584 with a plurality of power processing stages connected in parallel
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 3/1588 comprising at least one synchronous rectifier element H02M3/1582, H02M3/1584 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 70/10 Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
• CPC Class Codes: Y02D 10/00 Energy efficient computing, e.g. low power processors, power management or thermal management

Abstract

A power distribution management apparatus for supplying power to two or more loads includes a power and clock distribution controller capable of determining voltage, current and clock signal frequency targets for the loads. The apparatus also includes two or more power sources responsive to the controller so as to be selectively coupled with the loads to provide the target voltage and current to the loads. The power sources have switching frequencies of at least one megahertz. The apparatus further includes two or more clock signal sources responsive to the controller and coupled with the loads so as to provide clock signals to the loads at the target frequencies.

Claims

1. A power distribution management apparatus for supplying power to a plurality of loads, the apparatus comprising:

a power and clock distribution controller capable of determining voltage, current and clock signal frequency targets for the plural loads;

plural power sources responsive to the controller so as to be selectively coupled with the loads to provide the target voltage and current to the loads, wherein the power sources have switching frequencies of at least one megahertz; and

plural clock signal sources responsive to the controller and coupled with the loads so as to provide clock signals to the loads at the target frequencies.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the plural power sources comprise regulated power sources coupled with at least one static power supply.

3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the regulated power sources comprise a low-drop-out linear converter.

4. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the regulated power sources comprise at least one of a switch-mode inductor-based step-up converter and a switch-mode inductor-based step-down converter.

5. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the regulated power sources comprise a switch-mode charge-pump converter.

6. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the regulated power sources comprise a switch-mode capacitor converter.

7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the power sources include at least one of a capacitive reactive component of less than one-hundred nanofarads and an inductive reactive component of less that one-hundred nanohenries.

8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the plural power sources comprise one or more monolithic power supplies embodied on a common integrated circuit with the plural loads.

9. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the plural power sources comprise discrete power supplies, which are electrically coupled with an integrated circuit that includes the plural loads.

10. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the plural clock signal sources comprise phase-locked-loop circuits.

11. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the plural clock signal sources comprise delay-locked-loop circuits.

12. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the plural clock signal sources comprise combinational logic circuits.

13. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the plural clock sources provide at least one of an integer multiplication, a half-integer multiplication and a quarter-integer multiplication of a reference clock signal.

14. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the plural clock sources provide at least one of an integer division, a half-integer division and a quarter-integer division of a reference clock signal.

15. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a cross-bridge connection network responsive to the controller so as to selectively couple the power sources with the plural loads via the connection network.

16. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the connection network comprises a row-column addressable matrix.

17. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising level-shifting circuitry, so as to allow electrical signal communication between loads of the plural loads operating at varying target voltages.

18. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the controller comprises a critical-node activity determination circuit, wherein at least one power source and one clock signal source are controlled by the controller based on an activity level as determined by the critical-node activity determination circuit.

19. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the controller comprises machine executable instructions for determining the voltage, current and frequency targets based, at least in part, on one or more use conditions for one or more of the plural loads.

20. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the controller comprises a critical-node current-sensing circuit, wherein at least one power source and one clock signal source are controlled by the controller based, at least in part, on a current level as determined by the critical-node current-sensing circuit.

21. A method for managing power distribution to a plurality of loads, the method comprising:

determining one or more use conditions of the loads, wherein the use conditions include voltage, current and clock signal frequency targets for the loads;

modifying the operating conditions for one or more clock signal sources coupled with the plural loads based, at least in part, on the use conditions, so as to provide clock signals to the loads at respective target frequencies; and

modifying operating conditions for one or more power sources coupled with the plural loads based, at least in part, on the use conditions, so as to provide the target voltages and currents to the loads.

22. The method of claim 21, wherein determining the one or more use conditions comprises determining one or more critical-node activity levels of the plural loads.

23. The method of claim 21, wherein determining the one or more use conditions comprises determining an amount of current consumption for one or more of the plural loads.

24. The method of claim 21, wherein determining the one or more use conditions comprises determining a function being performed by at least one load of the plural loads.

25. The method of claim 21, wherein modifying the operating conditions for one or more power sources comprises at least one of stepping-up an output voltage and stepping-down an output voltage.

26. The method of claim 21, wherein modifying the operating conditions for one or more power sources comprises coupling one or more power sources with one or more loads via a connection network.

27. The method of claim 21, further comprising electrically communicating between one or more loads.

28. The method of claim 27, wherein electrically communicating comprises shifting the level of one or more electrical signals.

29. The method of claim 21, wherein modifying the operation of one or more clock signal sources comprises at least one of increasing an oscillation frequency and decreasing the oscillation frequency.

30. An electronic system comprising:

a plurality of loads;

a power and clock distribution controller capable of determining voltage, current and clock signal frequency targets for the loads;

plural power sources responsive to the controller and coupled with the plural loads so as to provide the target voltages and currents to the loads; and

plural clock signal sources responsive to the controller and coupled with the plural loads so as to provide clock signals to the loads at the target frequencies.

31. The system of claim 30, wherein the plurality of loads each comprises an associated local charge storage capacitor.

32. The system of claim 30, further comprising a plurality of level-shifting circuits coupled with the controller and the plural loads, the level-shifting circuitry being capable of adjusting an amplitude of an electrical signal communicated between loads.

33. The system of claim 30, further comprising a static power supply coupled with the plural power sources, wherein the plural power sources are regulated power sources.

34. The system of claim 30, further comprising a connection network responsive to the controller and coupled with the power sources and the loads, wherein the connection network is capable of coupling, in parallel, two or more power sources with one or more loads.

35. A power distribution management apparatus for supplying power to a plurality of loads, the apparatus comprising:

a power and clock distribution controller capable of determining voltage, current and clock signal frequency targets for the plural loads;

plural regulated power sources coupled with at least one static power supply, the regulated power sources being responsive to the controller so as to be selectively coupled with the loads to provide the target voltage and current to the loads, wherein the power sources have switching frequencies of at least one megahertz;

plural clock signal sources responsive to the controller and coupled with the loads so as to provide clock signals to the loads at the target frequencies;

a cross-bridge connection network responsive to the controller, so as to selectively couple the power sources with the plural loads via the connection network;

and level-shifting circuitry, so as to allow electrical signal communication between loads of the plural loads operating at varying target voltages.