Square root extractor
First Claim
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1. An apparatus comprising:
- a sign extractor having an input and first and second outputs, wherein the input of the sign extractor receives an input signal, wherein the first output provides a sign of the input signal, and wherein the second output provides a magnitude of the input signal;
a delay coupled to the first output, wherein the delay imposes a delay on the sign;
a square root extractor coupled to the second output, wherein the square root extractor has an output that provides an output signal, wherein the output signal is an approximation to a square root of the magnitude of the input signal; and
, a sign restorer coupled to the output of the square root extractor and to the delay, wherein the sign restorer applies the sign from the delay to the output signal from the square root extractor.
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Abstract
A square root extractor includes only multipliers, summers, delay elements, and a scaler so that the square root of a signal may be produced without complex computations.
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Citations
27 Claims
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1. An apparatus comprising:
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a sign extractor having an input and first and second outputs, wherein the input of the sign extractor receives an input signal, wherein the first output provides a sign of the input signal, and wherein the second output provides a magnitude of the input signal;
a delay coupled to the first output, wherein the delay imposes a delay on the sign;
a square root extractor coupled to the second output, wherein the square root extractor has an output that provides an output signal, wherein the output signal is an approximation to a square root of the magnitude of the input signal; and
,a sign restorer coupled to the output of the square root extractor and to the delay, wherein the sign restorer applies the sign from the delay to the output signal from the square root extractor. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12)
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- 13. A square root extractor consisting of multiplying, summing, scaling, and delaying functions.
- 18. A square root extractor comprising first, second, and third multipliers, first and second summers, first and second delays, and a scaler, wherein the first multiplier has a first input coupled to receive a signal whose square root is to be extracted and a second input coupled to an output of the third multiplier, wherein the first summer has a first input coupled to an output of the first multiplier and a second input coupled to an output of the first delay, wherein the scaler has an input coupled to an output of the first summer and an output coupled to an input of the first delay, wherein the output of the first delay provides an output of the square root extractor, wherein the second multiplier has a first input coupled to the output of the first delay and a second input coupled to an output of the second delay, wherein the second summer has a first input coupled to an output of the second multiplier and a second input coupled to a constant, wherein the third multiplier has a first input coupled to an output of the second summer and a second input coupled to the output of the second delay, and wherein the second delay has an input coupled to the output of the third multiplier.
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24. A method comprising:
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multiplying first and second signals to produce a third signal, wherein the first signal is a signal whose square root is to be extracted;
summing the third signal and a fourth signal to produce a fifth signal;
scaling the fifth signal to produce a sixth signal;
delaying the sixth signal to produce the fourth signal;
multiplying the fourth signal and a seventh signal to produce an eighth signal;
subtracting the eighth signal from a constant to produce a ninth signal;
multiplying the ninth signal and the seventh signal to produce the second signal; and
,delaying the second signal to produce the seventh signal, wherein both the fourth signal and the sixth signal are approximations to the square root of the first signal, and wherein both the second signal and the seventh signal are approximations to the reciprocal of the square root of the first signal. - View Dependent Claims (25, 26, 27)
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Specification