System and method for encoding and decoding an image or document and document encoded thereby
First Claim
1. A security device comprising:
- a pattern formed from an array of cells and displaying an unencoded component visible to the unaided eye of a viewer and an encoded component not readily discernable to the unaided eye of a viewer;
said pattern comprised of a plurality of cells including (i) diffractive regions and non-diffractive regions, or (ii) diffractive regions and modulated-diffractive regions such that the diffractive regions and modulated-diffractive regions can be selectively illuminated by an external illumination source at different angles and be made independently visible to said viewer, or (iii) diffractive regions and a combination of non-diffractive regions and modulated diffractive regions;
each cell being small enough to be not readily discernable to the unaided eye of a human viewer;
each cell having at least one diffractive region and at least one non-diffractive or modulated-diffractive region, the ratio of the area of the diffractive region to the area of the non-diffractive or modulated-diffractive region in each encoded or uuencoded cell being substantially identical;
the encoded component not visible to an unaided eye being encoded into said synthesized pattern by substantially reversing the contrast of each cell forming a portion of the encoded component to change diffractive portions to non-diffractive or modulated-diffractive portions, and to change non-diffractive or modulated-diffractive portions to diffractive portions, the brightness within each cell remaining substantially unchanged as a result of the contrast reversal by maintaining a substantially constant ratio of substantially 1-to-1 between the diffractive area to the non-diffractive or modulated-diffractive areas in the encoded and uuencoded cells; and
the encoded component not readily visible to an unaided eye of said viewer being rendered visible to the unaided eye of said viewer when viewed through an external decoding device.
1 Assignment
0 Petitions
Accused Products
Abstract
Holographic and diffractive security devices and documents carrying security devices as well as system, apparatus, and method for making and using security devices. Security devices provide at least one type of security feature in form of secret, hidden, or covert security feature, not visible to a normal unaided human eye. Covert security features may be any graphic or symbolic representation. One or multiple security features may be provided on any single security device in any combination. Covert feature is revealed either when a decoder device is used with the security device, or when the security device is oriented and viewed in predetermined manner. Embodiments may provide a second overt or non-covert security device in the form of a diffractive or holographic image or graphic that is visible to the unaided eye without use of any decoder or special viewing conditions.
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Citations
84 Claims
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1. A security device comprising:
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a pattern formed from an array of cells and displaying an unencoded component visible to the unaided eye of a viewer and an encoded component not readily discernable to the unaided eye of a viewer;
said pattern comprised of a plurality of cells including (i) diffractive regions and non-diffractive regions, or (ii) diffractive regions and modulated-diffractive regions such that the diffractive regions and modulated-diffractive regions can be selectively illuminated by an external illumination source at different angles and be made independently visible to said viewer, or (iii) diffractive regions and a combination of non-diffractive regions and modulated diffractive regions;
each cell being small enough to be not readily discernable to the unaided eye of a human viewer;
each cell having at least one diffractive region and at least one non-diffractive or modulated-diffractive region, the ratio of the area of the diffractive region to the area of the non-diffractive or modulated-diffractive region in each encoded or uuencoded cell being substantially identical;
the encoded component not visible to an unaided eye being encoded into said synthesized pattern by substantially reversing the contrast of each cell forming a portion of the encoded component to change diffractive portions to non-diffractive or modulated-diffractive portions, and to change non-diffractive or modulated-diffractive portions to diffractive portions, the brightness within each cell remaining substantially unchanged as a result of the contrast reversal by maintaining a substantially constant ratio of substantially 1-to-1 between the diffractive area to the non-diffractive or modulated-diffractive areas in the encoded and uuencoded cells; and
the encoded component not readily visible to an unaided eye of said viewer being rendered visible to the unaided eye of said viewer when viewed through an external decoding device. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 79, 80, 81)
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76. A secure document comprising:
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a substrate;
a security pattern formed integral with or carried by the substrate;
said pattern formed from an array of cells and displaying an unencoded component visible to the unaided eye of a viewer and an encoded component not readily discernable to the unaided eye of a viewer;
said pattern comprised of (i) diffractive regions and non-diffractive regions, or (ii) diffractive regions and modulated-diffractive regions such that the diffractive regions and modulated-diffractive regions can be selectively illuminated by an external illumination source at different angles and be made independently visible to said viewer, or (iii) diffractive regions and a combination of non-diffractive regions and modulated diffractive regions;
each cell being small enough to be not readily discernable to the unaided eye of a human viewer;
each cell having at least one diffractive region and at least one non-diffractive or modulated-diffractive region, the ratio of the area of the diffractive region to the area of the non-diffractive or modulated-diffractive region in each encoded or uuencoded cell being substantially identical;
the encoded component not visible to an unaided eye being encoded into said synthesized pattern by substantially reversing the contrast of each cell forming a portion of the encoded component to change diffractive portions to non-diffractive or modulated-diffractive portions, and to change non-diffractive or modulated-diffractive portions to diffractive portions, the brightness within each cell remaining substantially unchanged as a result of the contrast reversal by maintaining a substantially constant ratio between the diffractive area to the non-diffractive or modulated-diffractive areas in the encoded and uuencoded cells; and
the encoded component not readily visible to an unaided eye of said viewer being rendered visible to the unaided eye of said viewer when viewed through an external decoding device. - View Dependent Claims (77)
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78. A method for making a security device, said method comprising:
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generating a holographic image recording including a first non-covert holographic image having a plurality of diffractive grating elements and second covert image within said plurality of diffractive gratings having a pattern;
forming said pattern as an array of cells that present an encoded component not readily discernable to the unaided eye of a viewer;
said pattern comprised of (i) diffractive regions and non-diffractive regions, or (ii) diffractive regions and modulated-diffractive regions such that the diffractive regions and modulated-diffractive regions can be selectively illuminated by an external illumination source at different angles and be made independently visible to said viewer, or (iii) diffractive regions and a combination of non-diffractive regions and modulated diffractive regions.
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82. A security device comprising:
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a pattern formed from an array of cells and displaying an unencoded component visible to the unaided eye of a viewer and an encoded component not readily discernable to the unaided eye of a viewer;
said pattern comprised of (i) diffractive regions and non-diffractive regions, or (ii) diffractive regions and modulated-diffractive regions such that the diffractive regions and modulated-diffractive regions can be selectively illuminated by an external illumination source at different angles and be made independently visible to said viewer, or (iii) diffractive regions and a combination of non-diffractive regions and modulated diffractive regions; and
said pattern organized as an array of cells, each cell being small enough to be not readily discernable to the unaided eye of a human viewer. - View Dependent Claims (83, 84)
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Specification