Inhalent system

• US 20030055354A1
• Filed: 05/29/2002
• Published: 03/20/2003
• Est. Priority Date: 01/31/2001
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: The United States of America As Represented By The Secretary of Agriculture
• Original Assignee: US Department of The Army (Government of the United States of America)
• Inventors: Roy, Chad J., Hartings, Justin M.
• Granted Patent: US 7,377,276 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 600/532
• CPC Class Codes: A01K 1/031 Cages for laboratory animals; Cages for measuring metabolism of animals
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2503/40 Animals
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2503/42 for laboratory research
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/08 Detecting, measuring or recording devices for evaluating the respiratory organs A61B5/0205 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0806 by whole-body plethysmography measuring blood flow using plethysmography A61B5/0295; impedance plethysmography A61B5/053; measuring volume of the body or parts thereof A61B5/1073
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/4845 Toxicology, e.g. by detection of alcohol, drug or toxic products A61B5/4848 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61D 7/04 Devices for anaesthetising animals by gases or vapours; Inhaling devices

Abstract

In one embodiment, a method includes but is not limited to: conditioning an inhalent environment; exposing a first organism to the inhalent environment for a first-organism duration of time; and exposing a second organism to the inhalent environment for a second-organism duration of time. In one embodiment, a method includes but is not limited to: conditioning an inhalent environment; exposing a first organism to the inhalent environment until a calculated first-organism delivered dosage meets or exceeds a predefined first-organism target dosage; and exposing a second organism to the inhalent environment until a calculated second-organism delivered dosage meets or exceeds a predefined second-organism target dosage. In one embodiment, a method includes but is not limited to: detecting a first organism via a first-organism biochip device implanted in the first organism; and controlling a first-organism dosage in response to the first-organism biochip device. In addition to the foregoing, other method embodiments are described in the claims, drawings, and text forming a part of the present application. In one or more various embodiments, related systems include but are not limited to circuitry and/or programming for effecting the foregoing-referenced method embodiments; the circuitry and/or programming can be virtually any combination of hardware, software, and/or firmware configured to effect the foregoing-referenced method embodiments depending upon the design choices of the system designer. In one embodiment, a system includes but is not limited to: an inhalent manifold; a first independently-controllable exposure unit coupled to said inhalent manifold; a second independently-controllable exposure unit coupled to said inhalent manifold; and an exposure control system operably coupled to either or both said first independently-controllable exposure unit and said second independently-controllable exposure unit.

Claims

1. A method comprising:

conditioning an inhalent environment;

exposing a first organism to the inhalent environment for a first-organism duration of time; and

exposing a second organism to the inhalent environment for a second-organism duration of time.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein said conditioning an inhalent environment comprises:

introducing an inhalent into an inhalent manifold.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein said introducing an inhalent into an inhalent manifold comprises:

introducing the inhalent into an inhalent intake plenum operably coupled with an inner manifold.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein said conditioning an inhalent environment comprises:

monitoring at least one environmental condition selected from an environmental-condition group including temperature, relative humidity, pressure, and inhalent concentration.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein said conditioning an inhalent environment comprises:

adjusting at least one environmental condition selected from an environmental-condition group including temperature, relative humidity, pressure, and inhalent concentration.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein said exposing a first organism to the inhalent environment for a first-organism duration of time comprises:

coupling the inhalent environment to a first apertured connector, containing at least a part of the first organism, for the first-organism duration of time.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein said coupling the inhalent environment to a first apertured connector, containing at least a part of the first organism, for the first-organism duration of time comprises:

starting the first-organism duration of time upon an initial coupling of the inhalent environment to the first apertured connector containing the at least a part of the first organism; and

terminating the first-organism duration of time when a calculated first-organism delivered dosage meets or exceeds a predefined first-organism target dosage.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein said terminating the first-organism duration of time when a calculated first-organism delivered dosage meets or exceeds a predefined first-organism target dosage comprises:

detecting the first organism via a first-organism biochip device implanted in the first organism; and

recalling the predefined first-organism target dosage in response to the first-organism biochip device.

9. The method of claim 7, wherein said terminating the first-organism duration of time when a calculated first-organism delivered dosage meets or exceeds a predefined first-organism target dosage comprises:

measuring a volume respirated by the first organism;

calculating the first-organism delivered dosage in response to the volume.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein said measuring a volume respirated by the first organism comprises:

measuring a volume of an animal restraint cartridge associated with a first-organism biochip device.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein said measuring a volume of an animal restraint cartridge associated with a first-organism biochip device comprises:

measuring a flow between an interior of the animal restraint cartridge and an exterior of the animal restraint cartridge.

12. The method of claim 6, wherein said coupling the inhalent environment to a first apertured connector, containing at least a part of the first organism, for the first-organism duration of time comprises:

opening a valve between the inhalent environment and the first apertured connector at a first-organism beginning time; and

closing the valve between the inhalent environment and the first apertured connector at a first-organism ending time.

13. The method of claim 6, wherein said coupling the inhalent environment to a first apertured connector, containing at least a part of the first organism, for the first-organism duration of time comprises:

closing a valve between a clean-air environment and the first apertured connector at a first-organism beginning time; and

opening a valve between the clean-air environment and the first apertured connector at a first-organism ending time.

14. The method of claim 1, wherein said exposing a second organism to the inhalent environment for a second-organism duration of time comprises:

coupling the inhalent environment to a second apertured connector containing at least a part of the second organism for the second-organism duration of time.

15. The method of claim 14, wherein said coupling the inhalent environment to a second apertured connector containing at least a part of the second organism for the second-organism duration of time comprises:

starting the second-organism duration of time upon an initial coupling of the inhalent environment to the second apertured connector containing the at least a part of the second organism; and

terminating the second-organism duration of time when a calculated second-organism delivered dosage meets or exceeds a predefined second-organism target dosage.

16. The method of claim 15, wherein said terminating the second-organism duration of time when a calculated second-organism delivered dosage meets or exceeds a predefined second-organism target dosage comprises:

detecting the second organism via a second-organism biochip device implanted in the second organism; and

recalling the predefined second-organism target dosage in response to the second-organism biochip device.

17. The method of claim 15, wherein said terminating the second-organism duration of time when a calculated second-organism delivered dosage meets or exceeds a predefined second-organism target dosage comprises:

measuring a volume respirated by the second organism; and

calculating the delivered dosage in response to the volume.

18. The method of claim 17, wherein said measuring a volume respirated by the second organism comprises:

measuring a volume of an animal restraint cartridge associated with a second-organism biochip device.

19. The method of claim 18, wherein said measuring a volume of an animal restraint cartridge associated with a second-organism biochip device comprises:

measuring a flow between an interior of the animal restraint cartridge and an exterior of the animal restraint cartridge.

20. The method of claim 14, wherein said coupling the inhalent environment to a second apertured connector containing at least a part of the second organism for the second-organism duration of time comprises:

opening a valve between the inhalent environment and the second apertured connector at a second-organism beginning time; and

closing the valve between the inhalent environment and the second apertured connector at a second-organism ending time.

21. The method of claim 14, wherein said coupling the inhalent environment to a second apertured connector containing at least a part of the second organism for the second-organism duration of time comprises:

closing a valve between a clean-air environment and the second apertured connector at a second-organism beginning time; and

opening the valve between the clean-air environment and the second apertured connector at a second-organism ending time.

22. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

performing an inhalent or exposure study, wherein said performing the inhalent or exposure study comprises said conditioning, said exposing a first organism, and said exposing a second organism.

23. A system comprising:

means for conditioning an inhalent environment;

means for exposing a first organism to the inhalent environment for a first-organism duration of time; and

means for exposing a second organism to the inhalent environment for a second-organism duration of time.

24. The system of claim 23, wherein said means for conditioning an inhalent environment comprises:

introducing an inhalent into an inhalent manifold.

25. The system of claim 24, wherein said means for introducing an inhalent into an inhalent manifold comprises:

means for introducing the inhalent into an inhalent intake plenum operably coupled with an inner manifold.

26. The system of claim 23, wherein said means for conditioning an inhalent environment comprises:

means for monitoring at least one environmental condition selected from an environmental-condition group including temperature, relative humidity, pressure, and inhalent concentration.

27. The system of claim 23, wherein said means for conditioning an inhalent environment comprises:

means for adjusting at least one environmental condition selected from an environmental-condition group including temperature, relative humidity, pressure, and inhalent concentration.

28. The system of claim 23, wherein said means for exposing a first organism to the inhalent environment for a first-organism duration of time comprises:

means for coupling the inhalent environment to a first apertured connector, containing at least a part of the first organism, for the first-organism duration of time.

29. The system of claim 28, wherein said means for coupling the inhalent environment to a first apertured connector, containing at least a part of the first organism, for the first-organism duration of time comprises:

means for starting the first-organism duration of time upon an initial coupling of the inhalent environment to the first apertured connector containing the at least a part of the first organism; and

means for terminating the first-organism duration of time when a calculated first-organism delivered dosage meets or exceeds a predefined first-organism target dosage.

30. The system of claim 29, wherein said means for terminating the first-organism duration of time when a calculated first-organism delivered dosage meets or exceeds a predefined first-organism target dosage comprises:

means for detecting the first organism via a first-organism biochip device implanted in the first organism; and

means for recalling the predefined first-organism target dosage in response to the first-organism biochip device.

31. The system of claim 29, wherein said means for terminating the first-organism duration of time when a calculated first-organism delivered dosage meets or exceeds a predefined first-organism target dosage comprises:

means for measuring a volume respirated by the first organism;

means for calculating the first-organism delivered dosage in response to the volume.

32. The system of claim 31, wherein said means for measuring a volume respirated by the first organism comprises:

means for measuring a volume of an animal restraint cartridge associated with a first-organism biochip device.

33. The system of claim 32, wherein said means for measuring a volume of an animal restraint cartridge associated with a first-organism biochip device comprises:

means for measuring a flow between an interior of the animal restraint cartridge and an exterior of the animal restraint cartridge.

34. The system of claim 28, wherein said means for coupling the inhalent environment to a first apertured connector, containing at least a part of the first organism, for the first-organism duration of time comprises:

means for opening a valve between the inhalent environment and the first apertured connector at a first-organism beginning time; and

closing the valve between the inhalent environment and the first apertured connector at a first-organism ending time.

35. The system of claim 28, wherein said means for coupling the inhalent environment to a first apertured connector, containing at least a part of the first organism, for the first-organism duration of time comprises:

means for closing a valve between a clean-air environment and the first apertured connector at a first-organism beginning time; and

opening a valve between the clean-air environment and the first apertured connector at a first-organism ending time.

36. The system of claim 23, wherein said means for exposing a second organism to the inhalent environment for a second-organism duration of time comprises:

means for coupling the inhalent environment to a second apertured connector containing at least a part of the second organism for the second-organism duration of time.

37. The system of claim 36, wherein said means for coupling the inhalent environment to a second apertured connector containing at least a part of the second organism for the second-organism duration of time comprises:

means for starting the second-organism duration of time upon an initial coupling of the inhalent environment to the second apertured connector containing the at least a part of the second organism; and

means for terminating the second-organism duration of time when a calculated second-organism delivered dosage meets or exceeds a predefined second-organism target dosage.

38. The system of claim 37, wherein said means for terminating the second-organism duration of time when a calculated second-organism delivered dosage meets or exceeds a predefined second-organism target dosage comprises:

means for detecting the second organism via a second-organism biochip device implanted in the second organism; and

means for recalling the predefined second-organism target dosage in response to the second-organism biochip device.

39. The system of claim 37, wherein said means for terminating the second-organism duration of time when a calculated second-organism delivered dosage meets or exceeds a predefined second-organism target dosage comprises:

means for measuring a volume respirated by the second organism; and

means for calculating the delivered dosage in response to the volume.

40. The system of claim 39, wherein said means for measuring a volume respirated by the second organism comprises:

means for measuring a volume of an animal restraint cartridge associated with a second-organism biochip device.

41. The system of claim 40, wherein said means for measuring a volume of an animal restraint cartridge associated with a second-organism biochip device comprises:

means for measuring a flow between an interior of the animal restraint cartridge and an exterior of the animal restraint cartridge.

42. The system of claim 36, wherein said means for coupling the inhalent environment to a second apertured connector containing at least a part of the second organism for the second-organism duration of time comprises:

means for opening a valve between the inhalent environment and the second apertured connector at a second-organism beginning time; and

closing the valve between the inhalent environment and the second apertured connector at a second-organism ending time.

43. The system of claim 36, wherein said means for coupling the inhalent environment to a second apertured connector containing at least a part of the second organism for the second-organism duration of time comprises:

means for closing a valve between a clean-air environment and the second apertured connector at a second-organism beginning time; and

opening the valve between the clean-air environment and the second apertured connector at a second-organism ending time.

44. The system of claim 23, further comprising:

means for performing an inhalent or exposure study, wherein said means for performing the inhalent or exposure study comprises said means for conditioning, said means for exposing a first organism, and said means for exposing a second organism.

45. A method comprising:

conditioning an inhalent environment;

exposing a first organism to the inhalent environment until a calculated first-organism delivered dosage meets or exceeds a predefined first-organism target dosage; and

exposing a second organism to the inhalent environment until a calculated second-organism delivered dosage meets or exceeds a predefined second-organism target dosage.

46. The method of claim 45, wherein said conditioning an inhalent environment comprises:

introducing an inhalent into an inhalent manifold.

47. The method of claim 46, wherein said introducing an inhalent into an inhalent manifold comprises:

introducing the inhalent into an inhalent intake plenum operably coupled with an inner manifold.

48. The method of claim 45, wherein said conditioning an inhalent environment comprises:

monitoring at least one environmental condition selected from an environmental-condition group including temperature, relative humidity, pressure, and inhalent concentration.

49. The method of claim 45, wherein said conditioning an inhalent environment comprises:

adjusting at least one environmental condition selected from an environmental-condition group including temperature, relative humidity, pressure, and inhalent concentration.

50. The method of claim 45, wherein said exposing a first organism to the inhalent environment until a calculated first-organism delivered dosage meets or exceeds a predefined first-organism target dosage comprises:

detecting the first organism via a first-organism biochip device implanted in the first organism; and

recalling the predefined first-organism target dosage in response to the first-organism biochip device.

51. The method of claim 45, wherein said exposing a first organism to the inhalent environment until a calculated first-organism delivered dosage meets or exceeds a predefined first-organism target dosage comprises:

measuring a volume respirated by the first organism;

calculating the first-organism delivered dosage in response to the volume.

52. The method of claim 51, wherein said measuring a volume respirated by the first organism comprises:

measuring a volume of an animal restraint cartridge associated with a first-organism biochip device.

53. The method of claim 52, wherein said measuring a volume of an animal restraint cartridge associated with a first-organism biochip device comprises:

measuring a flow between an interior of the animal restraint cartridge and an exterior of the animal restraint cartridge.

54. The method of claim 45, wherein said exposing a second organism to the inhalent environment until a calculated second-organism delivered dosage meets or exceeds a predefined second-organism target dosage comprises:

detecting the second organism via a second-organism biochip device implanted in the second organism; and

recalling the predefined second-organism target dosage in response to the second-organism biochip device.

55. The method of claim 45, wherein said exposing a second organism to the inhalent environment until a calculated second-organism delivered dosage meets or exceeds a predefined second-organism target dosage comprises:

measuring a volume respirated by the second organism; and

calculating the delivered dosage in response to the volume.

56. The method of claim 55, wherein said measuring a volume respirated by the second organism comprises:

measuring a volume of an animal restraint cartridge associated with a second-organism biochip device.

57. The method of claim 56, wherein said measuring a volume of an animal restraint cartridge associated with a second-organism biochip device comprises:

measuring a flow between an interior of the animal restraint cartridge and an exterior of the animal restraint cartridge.

58. The method of claim 45, wherein said exposing a first organism to the inhalent environment until a calculated first-organism delivered dosage meets or exceeds a predefined first-organism target dosage comprises:

coupling the inhalent environment to a first apertured connector containing at least a part of the first organism.

59. The method of claim 58, wherein said coupling the inhalent environment to a first apertured connector containing at least a part of the first organism comprises:

starting a first-organism duration of time upon an initial coupling of the inhalent environment to the first apertured connector containing the at least a part of the first organism; and

terminating the first-organism duration of time when the calculated first-organism delivered dosage meets or exceeds the predefined first-organism target dosage.

60. The method of claim 58, wherein said coupling the inhalent environment to a first apertured connector containing at least a part of the first organism comprises:

opening a valve between the inhalent environment and the first apertured connector at a first-organism beginning time; and

closing the valve between the inhalent environment and the first apertured connector at a first-organism ending time.

61. The method of claim 58, wherein said coupling the inhalent environment to a first apertured connector containing at least a part of the first organism comprises:

closing a valve between a clean-air environment and the first apertured connector at a first-organism beginning time; and

opening the valve between the clean-air environment and the first apertured connector at a first-organism ending time.

62. The method of claim 45, wherein said exposing a second organism to the inhalent environment until a calculated second-organism delivered dosage meets or exceeds a predefined second-organism target dosage comprises:

coupling the inhalent environment to a second apertured connector containing at least a part of the second organism.

63. The method of claim 62, wherein said coupling the inhalent environment to a second apertured connector containing at least a part of the second organism comprises:

starting a second-organism duration of time upon an initial coupling of the inhalent environment to the second apertured connector containing the at least a part of the second organism; and

terminating the second-organism duration of time when the calculated second-organism delivered dosage meets or exceeds a predefined second-organism target dosage.

64. The method of claim 62, wherein said coupling the inhalent environment to a second apertured connector containing at least a part of the second organism comprises:

opening a valve between the inhalent environment and the second apertured connector at a second-organism beginning time; and

closing a valve between the inhalent environment and the second apertured connector at a second-organism ending time.

65. The method of claim 62, wherein said coupling the inhalent environment to a second apertured connector containing at least a part of the second organism comprises:

closing a valve between a clean-air environment and the second apertured connector at a second-organism beginning time; and

opening the valve between the clean-air environment and the second apertured connector at a second-organism ending time.

66. The method of claim 45, further comprising:

performing an inhalent or exposure study, wherein said performing the inhalent or exposure study comprises said conditioning, said exposing a first organism, and said exposing a second organism.

67. A system comprising:

means for conditioning an inhalent environment;

means for exposing a first organism to the inhalent environment until a calculated first-organism delivered dosage meets or exceeds a predefined first-organism target dosage; and

means for exposing a second organism to the inhalent environment until a calculated second-organism delivered dosage meets or exceeds a predefined second-organism target dosage.

68. The system of claim 67, wherein said means for conditioning an inhalent environment comprises:

means for introducing an inhalent into an inhalent manifold.

69. The system of claim 68, wherein said means for introducing an inhalent into an inhalent manifold comprises:

means for introducing the inhalent into an inhalent intake plenum operably coupled with an inner manifold.

70. The system of claim 67, wherein said means for conditioning an inhalent environment comprises:

means for monitoring at least one environmental condition selected from an environmental-condition group including temperature, relative humidity, pressure, and inhalent concentration.

71. The system of claim 67, wherein said means for conditioning an inhalent environment comprises:

adjusting at least one environmental condition selected from an environmental-condition group including temperature, relative humidity, pressure, and inhalent concentration.

72. The system of claim 67, wherein said means for exposing a first organism to the inhalent environment until a calculated first-organism delivered dosage meets or exceeds a predefined first-organism target dosage comprises:

means for detecting the first organism via a first-organism biochip device implanted in the first organism; and

means for recalling the predefined first-organism target dosage in response to the first-organism biochip device.

73. The system of claim 67, wherein said means for exposing a first organism to the inhalent environment until a calculated first-organism delivered dosage meets or exceeds a predefined first-organism target dosage comprises:

means for measuring a volume respirated by the first organism;

means for calculating the first-organism delivered dosage in response to the volume.

74. The system of claim 73, wherein said means for measuring a volume respirated by the first organism comprises:

means for measuring a volume of an animal restraint cartridge associated with a first-organism biochip device.

75. The system of claim 74, wherein said means for measuring a volume of an animal restraint cartridge associated with a first-organism biochip device comprises:

means for measuring a flow between an interior of the animal restraint cartridge and an exterior of the animal restraint cartridge.

76. The system of claim 67, wherein said means for exposing a second organism to the inhalent environment until a calculated second-organism delivered dosage meets or exceeds a predefined second-organism target dosage comprises:

means for detecting the second organism via a second-organism biochip device implanted in the second organism; and

means for recalling the predefined second-organism target dosage in response to the second-organism biochip device.

77. The system of claim 67, wherein said means for exposing a second organism to the inhalent environment until a calculated second-organism delivered dosage meets or exceeds a predefined second-organism target dosage comprises:

means for measuring a volume respirated by the second organism; and

means for calculating the delivered dosage in response to the volume.

78. The system of claim 77, wherein said means for measuring a volume respirated by the second organism comprises:

means for measuring a volume of an animal restraint cartridge associated with a second-organism biochip device.

79. The system of claim 78, wherein said means for measuring a volume of an animal restraint cartridge associated with a second-organism biochip device comprises:

means for measuring a flow between an interior of the animal restraint cartridge and an exterior of the animal restraint cartridge.

80. The system of claim 67, wherein said means for exposing a first organism to the inhalent environment until a calculated first-organism delivered dosage meets or exceeds a predefined first-organism target dosage comprises:

means for coupling the inhalent environment to a first apertured connector containing at least a part of the first organism.

81. The system of claim 80, wherein said means for coupling the inhalent environment to a first apertured connector containing at least a part of the first organism comprises:

means for starting a first-organism duration of time upon an initial coupling of the inhalent environment to the first apertured connector containing the at least a part of the first organism; and

means for terminating the first-organism duration of time when the calculated first-organism delivered dosage meets or exceeds the predefined first-organism target dosage.

82. The system of claim 80, wherein said means for coupling the inhalent environment to a first apertured connector containing at least a part of the first organism comprises:

means for opening a valve between the inhalent environment and the first apertured connector at a first-organism beginning time; and

means for closing the valve between the inhalent environment and the first apertured connector at a first-organism ending time.

83. The system of claim 80, wherein said means for coupling the inhalent environment to a first apertured connector containing at least a part of the first organism comprises:

means for closing a valve between a clean-air environment and the first apertured connector at a first-organism beginning time; and

means for opening the valve between the clean-air environment and the first apertured connector at a first-organism ending time.

84. The system of claim 67, wherein said means for exposing a second organism to the inhalent environment until a calculated second-organism delivered dosage meets or exceeds a predefined second-organism target dosage comprises:

means for coupling the inhalent environment to a second apertured connector containing at least a part of the second organism.

85. The system of claim 84, wherein said means for coupling the inhalent environment to a second apertured connector containing at least a part of the second organism comprises:

means for starting a second-organism duration of time upon an initial coupling of the inhalent environment to the second apertured connector containing the at least a part of the second organism; and

means for terminating the second-organism duration of time when the calculated second-organism delivered dosage meets or exceeds a predefined second-organism target dosage.

86. The system of claim 84, wherein said means for coupling the inhalent environment to a second apertured connector containing at least a part of the second organism comprises:

means for opening a valve between the inhalent environment and the second apertured connector at a second-organism beginning time; and

means for closing a valve between the inhalent environment and the second apertured connector at a second-organism ending time.

87. The system of claim 84, wherein said means for coupling the inhalent environment to a second apertured connector containing at least a part of the second organism comprises:

means for closing a valve between a clean-air environment and the second apertured connector at a second-organism beginning time; and

means for opening the valve between the clean-air environment and the second apertured connector at a second-organism ending time.

88. The system of claim 67, further comprising:

means for performing an inhalent or exposure study, wherein said means for performing the inhalent or exposure study comprises said means for conditioning, said means for exposing a first organism, and said means for exposing a second organism.

89. A system comprising:

an inhalent manifold;

a first independently-controllable exposure unit coupled to said inhalent manifold;

a second independently-controllable exposure unit coupled to said inhalent manifold; and

an exposure control system operably coupled to either or both said first independently-controllable exposure unit and said second independently-controllable exposure unit.

90. The system of claim 89, wherein said inhalent manifold comprises:

an inhalent intake plenum operably coupled with an inner manifold.

91. The system of claim 89, wherein said inhalent manifold comprises:

at least one environmental-condition sensor integral with said inhalent manifold, said at least one environmental condition sensor selected from an environmental-condition-sensor group including a temperature sensor, a relative humidity sensor, a pressure sensor, and an inhalent concentration sensor; and

said exposure control system operably coupled to said at least one environmental-condition sensor.

92. The system of claim 89, wherein said inhalent manifold comprises:

at least one environmental-condition controller integral with said inhalent manifold, said at least one environmental-condition controller selected from an environmental-condition-controller group including a temperature controller, a relative humidity controller, a pressure controller, and an inhalent concentration controller; and

said exposure control system operably coupled to said at least one environmental-condition controller.

93. The system of claim 89, wherein said first independently-controllable exposure unit coupled to said inhalent manifold comprises:

an independently-controllable valve interposed between the inhalent manifold and a first apertured connector; and

said exposure control system operably coupled to said independently-controllable valve interposed between the inhalent manifold and a first apertured connector.

94. The system of claim 89, wherein said first independently-controllable exposure unit coupled to said inhalent manifold comprises:

an independently-controllable valve interposed between the inhalent manifold and an exhaust manifold; and

said exposure control system operably coupled to said independently-controllable valve interposed between the inhalent manifold and the exhaust manifold.

95. The system of claim 89, wherein said first independently-controllable exposure unit coupled to said inhalent manifold comprises:

an animal restraint cartridge;

a biochip device receiver integral with said animal restraint cartridge; and

said exposure control system operably coupled to said a biochip device receiver.

96. The system of claim 89, wherein said first independently-controllable exposure unit coupled to said inhalent manifold comprises:

an animal restraint cartridge;

a differential volume sensor operably coupled to said animal restraint cartridge; and

said exposure control system operably coupled to said differential volume sensor.

97. The system of claim 96, wherein said differential volume sensor operably coupled to said animal restraint cartridge comprises:

a pneumotachograph operably coupled to said animal restraint cartridge; and

a differential pressure transducer operably coupled to said pneumotachograph.

98. The system of claim 89, wherein said second independently-controllable exposure unit coupled to said inhalent manifold comprises:

an independently-controllable valve interposed between the inhalent manifold and a second apertured connector; and

said exposure control system operably coupled to said independently-controllable valve interposed between the inhalent manifold and the second apertured connector.

99. The system of claim 89, wherein said second independently-controllable exposure unit coupled to said inhalent manifold comprises:

an independently-controllable valve interposed between the inhalent manifold and an exhaust manifold; and

said exposure control system operably coupled to said independently-controllable valve interposed between the inhalent manifold and the exhaust manifold.

100. The system of claim 89, wherein said second independently-controllable exposure unit coupled to said inhalent manifold comprises:

an animal restraint cartridge;

a biochip device receiver integral with said animal restraint cartridge; and

said exposure control system operably coupled to said a biochip device receiver.

101. The system of claim 89, wherein said second independently-controllable exposure unit coupled to said inhalent manifold comprises:

an animal restraint cartridge;

a differential volume sensor operably coupled to said animal restraint cartridge; and

said exposure control system operably coupled to said differential volume sensor.

102. The system of claim 101, wherein said differential volume sensor operably coupled to said animal restraint cartridge comprises:

a pneumotachograph operably coupled to said animal restraint cartridge; and

a differential pressure transducer operably coupled to said pneumotachograph.

103. The system of claim 89, wherein said exposure control system comprises:

circuitry for

conditioning an inhalent environment in said inhalent manifold,

controlling said first independently-controllable exposure unit coupled to said inhalent manifold to expose at least a first organism to the inhalent environment for at least a first-organism duration of time, and

controlling said second independently-controllable exposure unit coupled to said inhalent manifold to expose at least a second organism to the inhalent environment for at least a second-organism duration of time; and

said circuitry selected from an electrical-circuitry group including electrical circuitry having at least one discrete electrical circuit, electrical circuitry having at least one integrated circuit, electrical circuitry having at least one application specific integrated circuit, electrical circuitry having a general purpose computing device configured by a computer program, electrical circuitry having a memory device, and electrical circuitry having a communications device.

104. The system of claim 103, wherein said circuitry comprises:

a data processing system running a control program.

105. A method comprising:

detecting a first organism via a first-organism biochip device implanted in the first organism; and

controlling a first-organism dosage in response to the first-organism biochip device.

106. The method of claim 105, wherein said detecting a first organism via a first-organism biochip device implanted in the first organism comprises:

detecting transmission from the first-organism biochip device via a receiver paired with a predefined animal restraint cartridge.

107. The method of claim 105, wherein said controlling a first-organism dosage in response to the first-organism biochip device comprises:

recalling the predefined first-organism target dosage in response to the first-organism biochip device; and

exposing the first organism to an inhalent environment until a calculated first-organism delivered dosage meets or exceeds a predefined first-organism target dosage.

108. The method of claim 107, wherein said exposing a first organism to the inhalent environment until a calculated first-organism delivered dosage meets or exceeds a predefined first-organism target dosage comprises:

measuring a volume respirated by the first organism; and

calculating the first-organism delivered dosage in response to the volume.

109. The method of claim 105, further comprising:

detecting a second organism via a second-organism biochip device implanted in the second organism; and

controlling a second-organism dosage in response to the second-organism biochip device.

110. The method of claim 109, wherein said detecting a second organism via a second-organism biochip device implanted in the second organism comprises:

detecting transmission from the second-organism biochip device via a receiver paired with a predefined animal restraint cartridge.

111. The method of claim 109, wherein said controlling a second-organism dosage in response to the second-organism biochip device comprises:

recalling the predefined second-organism target dosage in response to the second-organism biochip device; and

exposing the second organism to an inhalent environment until a calculated second-organism delivered dosage meets or exceeds a predefined second-organism target dosage.

112. The method of claim 111, wherein said exposing a second organism to the inhalent environment until a calculated second-organism delivered dosage meets or exceeds a predefined second-organism target dosage comprises:

measuring a volume respirated by the second organism; and

calculating the second-organism delivered dosage in response to the volume.

113. A system comprising:

means for detecting a first organism via a first-organism biochip device implanted in the first organism; and

means for controlling a first-organism dosage in response to the first-organism biochip device.

114. The system of claim 113, wherein said means for detecting a first organism via a first-organism biochip device implanted in the first organism comprises:

means for detecting transmission from the first-organism biochip device via a receiver paired with a predefined animal restraint cartridge.

115. The system of claim 113, wherein said means for controlling a first-organism dosage in response to the first-organism biochip device comprises:

means for recalling the predefined first-organism target dosage in response to the first-organism biochip device; and

means for exposing the first organism to an inhalent environment until a calculated first-organism delivered dosage meets or exceeds a predefined first-organism target dosage.

116. The system of claim 115, wherein said means for exposing a first organism to the inhalent environment until a calculated first-organism delivered dosage meets or exceeds a predefined first-organism target dosage comprises:

means for measuring a volume respirated by the first organism; and

means for calculating the first-organism delivered dosage in response to the volume.

117. The system of claim 113, further comprising:

means for detecting a second organism via a second-organism biochip device implanted in the second organism; and

means for controlling a second-organism dosage in response to the second-organism biochip device.

118. The system of claim 117, wherein said means for detecting a second organism via a second-organism biochip device implanted in the second organism comprises:

means for detecting transmission from the second-organism biochip device via a receiver paired with a predefined animal restraint cartridge.

119. The system of claim 117, wherein said means for controlling a second-organism dosage in response to the second-organism biochip device comprises:

means for recalling the predefined second-organism target dosage in response to the second-organism biochip device; and

means for exposing the second organism to an inhalent environment until a calculated second-organism delivered dosage meets or exceeds a predefined second-organism target dosage.

120. The system of claim 119, wherein said means for exposing a second organism to the inhalent environment until a calculated second-organism delivered dosage meets or exceeds a predefined second-organism target dosage comprises:

means for measuring a volume respirated by the second organism; and

means for calculating the second-organism delivered dosage in response to the volume.