Space-based network architectures for satellite radiotelephone systems

• US 20030068978A1
• Filed: 08/22/2002
• Published: 04/10/2003
• Est. Priority Date: 09/14/2001
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: ATC Technology Corporation (FedEx Corporation)
• Original Assignee: ATC Technology Corporation (FedEx Corporation)
• Inventors: Karabinis, Peter D., Agnew, Carson E.
• Granted Patent: US 7,006,789 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 455/12.1
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 7/18513 Transmission in a satellite or space-based system
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 7/18534 for enhancing link reliablility, e.g. satellites diversity
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 7/18539 Arrangements for managing radio, resources, i.e. for establishing or releasing a connection
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 7/18563 Arrangements for interconnecting multiple systems data switching networks H04L12/00
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 7/216 Code division or spread-spectrum multiple access [CDMA, SSMA]

Abstract

A space-based network for a satellite radiotelephone system includes at least one receive-only satellite and at least one transmit satellite. The transmit satellite can be a transmit-only satellite or a transmit and receive satellite. The receive-only satellite(s) are configured to receive wireless communications from a radiotelephone at a location over a satellite frequency band. The transmit satellite(s) are configured to transmit wireless communications to the radiotelephone at the location over the satellite frequency band. By providing at least one receive-only satellite and at least one transmit satellite, space-based networks can offer a significant link margin, without the need to undesirably burden the radiotelephones themselves to achieve this link margin.

Claims

1. A space-based network for a satellite radiotelephone system comprising:

at least one receive-only satellite that is configured to receive wireless communications from a radiotelephone at a predetermined location over a satellite frequency band; and

at least one transmit satellite that is configured to transmit wireless communications to the radiotelephone at the predetermined location over the satellite frequency band.

2. A space-based network according to claim 1 wherein the at least one receive-only satellite consists of two receive-only satellites.

3. A space-based network according to claim 1 wherein the at least one transmit satellite comprises at least one transmit-only satellite.

4. A space-based network according to claim 2 wherein the at least one transmit satellite comprises at least one transmit-only satellite.

5. A space-based network according to claim 3 wherein the at least one transmit-only satellite consists of a single transmit-only satellite.

6. A space-based network according to claim 4 wherein the at least one transmit-only satellite consists of a single transmit-only satellite.

7. A space-based network according to claim 6 wherein one of the two receive-only satellites and the single transmit-only satellite are collocated in an orbital slot.

8. A space-based network according to claim 1 wherein each of the receive-only satellites comprises first and second receive antennas.

9. A space-based network according to claim 2 wherein each of the two receive-only satellites comprises first and second receive antennas.

10. A space-based network according to claim 9 wherein the first and second receive-only antennas are about 24 meters in diameter.

11. A space-based network according to claim 1 wherein the at least one transmit satellite comprises at least one transmit and receive satellite.

12. A space-based network according to claim 2 wherein the at least one transmit satellite comprises at least one transmit and receive satellite.

13. A space-based network according to claim 12 wherein the at least one transmit and receive satellite consists of a single transmit and receive satellite that is collocated in an orbital slot with one of the two receive-only satellites.

14. A space-based network according to claim 12 wherein the at least one transmit and receive satellite consists of two transmit and receive satellites, a respective one of which is collocated in an orbital slot with a respective one of the two receive-only satellites.

15. A space-based network according to claim 13 wherein the single transmit and receive satellite comprises a single transmit antenna and a single receive antenna.

16. A space-based network according to claim 13 wherein the single transmit and receive satellite comprises a single transmit and receive antenna and a single receive antenna.

17. A space-based network according to claim 14 wherein the two transmit and receive satellites each comprises a single transmit antenna and a single receive antenna.

18. A space-based network according to claim 14 wherein the two transmit and receive satellites each comprises a single transmit and receive antenna and a single receive antenna.

19. A space-based network according to claim 1 further comprising:

at least one gateway what is configured to communicate with the at least one receive-only satellite and the at least one transmit satellite.

20. A space-based network according to claim 9 wherein each of the receive-only satellites further comprises first through fourth processors, the first processor being configured to process wireless communications that are received by the first receive-only antenna in a first polarization, the second processor being configured to process wireless communications that are received by the first receive-only antenna in a second polarization, the third processor being configured to process wireless communications that are received by the second receive-only antenna in the first polarization and the fourth processor being configured to process wireless communications that are received by the second receive-only antenna in the second polarization.

21. A space-based network according to claim 9 wherein each of the receive-only satellites further comprises a feeder link signal generator that is configured to combine signals that are received by the first and second receive-only antennas into a feeder link signal that is transmitted on at least one carrier in a plurality of orthogonal dimensions and/or polarizations.

22. A space-based network according to claim 21 further comprising:

a gateway that is configured to receive the feeder link signal from each of the two receive-only satellites.

23. A space-based network according to claim 22 wherein the feeder link signal has bandwidth that is as least as wide as the signals that are received by the first and second receive-only antennas of one of the receive-only satellites.

24. A space-based network according to claim 21 further comprising:

a plurality of gateways, each of which is configured to receive a feeder link signal from each of the two receive-only satellites.

25. A space-based network according to claim 22 wherein the signals that are received by the first and/or second receive-only antennas of one of the receive-only satellites have a bandwidth that is wider than the feeder link signal.

26. A space-based network according to claim 24 further comprising a combiner that is configured to combine the feeder link signals that are received at at least one of the plurality of gateways in order to reconstruct the wireless communications from the radiotelephone.

27. A space-based network according to claim 1 further comprising:

an ancillary terrestrial network that is configured to wirelessly communicate with the radiotelephone at the predetermined location over at least some of the satellite radiotelephone frequency band, to thereby terrestrially reuse the at least some of the satellite radiotelephone frequency band.

28. A space-based network for a satellite radiotelephone system comprising:

a first receive-only satellite that is configured to receive wireless communications from a radiotelephone at a predetermined location over a satellite frequency band;

a transmit-only satellite that is collocated with the first receive-only satellite in an orbital slot and is configured to transmit wireless communications to the radiotelephone at the predetermined location over the satellite frequency band; and

a second receive-only satellite that is configured to receive wireless communications from the radiotelephone at the predetermined location over the satellite frequency band.

29. A spaced based network according to claim 28 wherein each of the first and second receive-only satellites comprises first and second receive antennas.

30. A space-based network according to claim 29 wherein the first and second receive antennas are about 24 meters in diameter.

31. A space-based network according to claim 28 wherein the space-based network consists of the first receive-only satellite, the transmit-only satellite and the second receive-only satellite.

32. A space-based network according to claim 28 further comprising:

at least one gateway what is configured to communicate with the first and second receive-only satellites and the transmit-only satellite.

33. A space-based network according to claim 29 wherein each of the receive-only satellites further comprises first through fourth processors, the first processor being configured to process wireless communications that are received by the first receive-only antenna in a first polarization, the second processor being configured to process wireless communications that are received by the first receive-only antenna in a second polarization, the third processor being configured to process wireless communications that are received by the second receive-only antenna in the first polarization and the fourth processor being configured to process wireless communications that are received by the second receive-only antenna in the second polarization.

34. A space-based network according to claim 29 wherein each of the receive-only satellites further comprises a feeder link signal generator that is configured to combine signals that are received by the first and second receive-only antennas into a feeder link signal that is transmitted on at least one carrier in a plurality of orthogonal dimensions and/or polarizations.

35. A space-based network according to claim 34 further comprising:

a gateway that is configured to receive the feeder link signal from the first and second receive-only satellites.

36. A space-based network according to claim 35 wherein the feeder link signal has bandwidth that is as least as wide as the signals that are received by the first and second receive-only antennas of one of the receive-only satellites.

37. A space-based network according to claim 34 further comprising:

a plurality of gateways, each of which is configured to receive a feeder link signal from the first and second receive-only satellites.

38. A space-based network according to claim 37 wherein the signals that are received by the first and/or second receive-only antennas of one of the receive-only satellites have a bandwidth that is wider than the feeder link signal.

39. A space-based network according to claim 37 further comprising a combiner that is configured to combine the feeder link signals that are received at at least one of the plurality of gateways in order to reconstruct the wireless communications from the radiotelephone.

40. A space-based network according to claim 28 further comprising:

an ancillary terrestrial network that is configured to wirelessly communicate with the radiotelephone at the predetermined location over at least some of the satellite radiotelephone frequency band, to thereby terrestrially reuse the at least some of the satellite radiotelephone frequency band.

41. A space-based network for a satellite radiotelephone system comprising:

a first receive-only satellite that is configured to receive wireless communications from a radiotelephone at a predetermined location over a satellite frequency band;

a first transmit satellite that is collocated with the first receive-only satellite in a first orbital slot and is configured to transmit wireless communications to the radiotelephone at the predetermined location over the satellite frequency band;

a second receive-only satellite that is configured to receive wireless communications from the radiotelephone at the predetermined location over the satellite frequency band; and

a second transmit satellite that is collocated with the second receive-only satellite in a second orbital slot and is configured to transmit wireless communications to the radiotelephone at the predetermined location over the satellite frequency band.

42. A space-based network according to claim 41 wherein the first and second transmit satellites comprise first and second transmit-only satellites.

43. A space-based network according to claim 41 wherein the first and second transmit satellites comprise first and second transmit and receive satellites.

44. A space-based network according to claim 41 wherein each of the first and second receive-only satellites comprises first and second receive antennas.

45. A space-based network according to claim 44 wherein the first and second receive-only antennas are about 24 meters in diameter.

46. A space-based network according to claim 41 wherein the space-based network consists of the first and second receive-only satellites and the first and second transmit satellites.

47. A space-based network according to claim 43 wherein the first and second transmit and receive satellites each comprises a single transmit antenna and a single receive antenna.

48. A space-based network according to claim 43 wherein the first and second transmit and receive satellites each comprises a single transmit and receive antenna and a single receive antenna.

49. A space-based network according to claim 41 further comprising:

at least one gateway what is configured to communicate with the first and second receive-only satellites and the first and second transmit satellites.

50. A space-based network according to claim 43 wherein each of the receive-only satellites and each of the transmit and receive satellites further comprises first through fourth processors, the first processor being configured to process wireless communications that are received by the first receive-only antenna in a first polarization, the second processor being configured to process wireless communications that are received by the first receive-only antenna in a second polarization, the third processor being configured to process wireless communications that are received by the second receive-only antenna in the first polarization and the fourth processor being configured to process wireless communications that are received by the second receive-only antenna in the second polarization.

51. A space-based network according to claim 44 wherein each of the receive-only satellites further comprises a feeder link signal generator that is configured to combine signals that are received by the first and second receive antennas into a feeder link signal that is transmitted on at least one carrier in a plurality of orthogonal dimensions and/or polarizations.

52. A space-based network according to claim 51 further comprising:

a gateway that is configured to receive the feeder link signal from the first and second receive-only satellites.

53. A space-based network according to claim 52 wherein the feeder link signal has bandwidth that is as least as wide as the signals that are received by the first and second receive-only antennas of one of the receive-only satellites.

54. A space-based network according to claim 51 further comprising:

a plurality of gateways, each of which is configured to receive a feeder link signal from each of the first and second receive-only satellites.

55. A space-based network according to claim 54 wherein the signals that are received by the first and/or second receive-only antennas of one of the receive-only satellites have a bandwidth that is wider than the feeder link signal.

56. A space-based network according to claim 54 further comprising a combiner that is configured to combine the feeder link signals that are received at at least one of the plurality of gateways in order to reconstruct the wireless communications from the radiotelephone.

57. A space-based network according to claim 41 further comprising:

an ancillary terrestrial network that is configured to wirelessly communicate with the radiotelephone at the predetermined location over at least some of the satellite radiotelephone frequency band, to thereby terrestrially reuse the at least some of the satellite radiotelephone frequency band.

58. A space-based network for a satellite radiotelephone system comprising:

a first receive-only satellite that is configured to receive wireless communications from a radiotelephone at a predetermined location over a satellite frequency band;

a transmit satellite that is collocated with the first receive-only satellite in a first orbital slot and is configured to transmit wireless communications to the radiotelephone at the predetermined location over the satellite frequency band; and

a second receive-only satellite that is located in a second orbital slot and is configured to receive wireless communications from the radiotelephone at the predetermined location over the satellite frequency band.

59. A space-based network according to claim 58 wherein the transmit satellite comprises a transmit-only satellite.

60. A space-based network according to claim 58 wherein the transmit satellite comprises a transmit and receive satellite.

61. A space-based network according to claim 58 wherein each of the first and second receive-only satellites comprises first and second receive antennas.

62. A space-based network according to claim 61 wherein the first and second receive antennas are about 24 meters in diameter.

63. A space-based network according to claim 58 wherein the space-based network consists of the first and second receive-only satellites and the transmit satellite.

64. A space-based network according to claim 60 wherein the transmit and receive satellite comprises a single transmit antenna and a single receive antenna.

65. A space-based network according to claim 60 wherein the transmit and receive satellite comprises a single transmit and receive antenna and a single receive antenna.

66. A space-based network according to claim 58 further comprising:

at least one gateway what is configured to communicate with the first and second receive-only satellites and the transmit satellite.

67. A space-based network according to claim 61 wherein each of the receive-only satellites further comprises first through fourth processors, the first processor being configured to process wireless communications that are received by the first receive-only antenna in a first polarization, the second processor being configured to process wireless communications that are received by the first receive-only antenna in a second polarization, the third processor being configured to process wireless communications that are received by the second receive-only antenna in the first polarization and the fourth processor being configured to process wireless communications that are received by the second receive-only antenna in the second polarization.

68. A space-based network according to claim 61 wherein each of the receive-only satellites further comprises a feeder link signal generator that is configured to combine signals that are received by the first and second receive antennas into a feeder link signal that is transmitted on at least one carrier in a plurality of orthogonal dimensions and/or polarizations.

69. A space-based network according to claim 68 further comprising:

a gateway that is configured to receive the feeder link signal from the first and second receive-only satellites.

70. A space-based network according to claim 69 wherein the feeder link signal has bandwidth that is as least as wide as the signals that are received by the first and second receive-only antennas of one of the receive-only satellites.

71. A space-based network according to claim 68 further comprising:

a plurality of gateways, each of which is configured to receive a feeder link signal from each of the first and second receive-only satellites.

72. A space-based network according to claim 71 wherein the signals that are received by the first and/or second receive-only antennas of one of the receive-only satellites have a bandwidth that is wider than the feeder link signal.

73. A space-based network according to claim 71 further comprising a combiner that is configured to combine the feeder link signals that are received at at least one of the plurality of gateways in order to reconstruct the wireless communications from the radiotelephone.

74. A space-based network according to claim 58 further comprising:

an ancillary terrestrial network that is configured to wirelessly communicate with the radiotelephone at the predetermined location over at least some of the satellite radiotelephone frequency band, to thereby terrestrially reuse the at least some of the satellite radiotelephone frequency band.

75. A space-based network for a satellite radiotelephone system comprising more receive satellites than transmit satellites.

76. A space-based network according to claim 75 further comprising:

a gateway that is configured to combine receive antenna signals from all of the receive satellites on a per user basis.