Actuator nozzle for metered dose inhaler

• US 20030089368A1
• Filed: 08/08/2002
• Published: 05/15/2003
• Est. Priority Date: 02/09/2000
• Status: Abandoned Application

• Current Assignee: Smithkline Beecham Corporation (Smithkline Beecham PLC)
• Original Assignee: Smithkline Beecham Corporation (Smithkline Beecham PLC)
• Inventors: Zhao, Junguo
• Application Number:
  US10/203,166
• Publication Number:
  US 20030089368A1
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 128/200.23
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 15/009 using medicine packages with incorporated spraying means, e.g. aerosol cans pocket atomiser of the injector type A61M11/08
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/0233 Conductive materials, e.g. antistatic coatings for spark prevention
• CPC Class Codes: B05B 1/00 Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means B05B3/00, B05B5/00, B05B7/00 take precedence; nozzles for baths with water or gas jets A61H33/00, e.g. A61H33/6063, A61H33/6021, A61H33/026 or A61H33/027; Nozzles specially adapted for fire-extinguishing A62C31/02; Nozzles for generating high velocity abrasive fluid jets B24C5/04; nozzles for jet-ink printing mechanisms B41J2/135; nozzles for filling containers B65B39/00; nozzles for liquid-dispensing, e.g. in vehicle service stations B67D7/42

Abstract

An actuator for a metered dose inhaler containing a liquefied propellant and a medicament. The actuator comprises a nozzle block having a fluid flow path extending therethrough, the fluid flow path defined by an internal chamber having an inlet and an outlet; the outlet being defined in a portion of said nozzle block and comprising an exit channel extending therethrough. The exit channel has a narrow portion wherein the diameter of the channel is 0.3 mm or less, the narrow portion being 0.5 mm or less in length; and the narrow portion optionally including a constriction having a diameter of less than 0.3 mm.

Claims

1. An actuator for a metered dose inhaler containing a liquefied propellant and a medicament, said actuator comprising:

a nozzle block having a fluid flow path extending therethrough, said fluid flow path defined by an internal chamber having an inlet and an outlet;

said outlet being defined in a portion of said nozzle block and comprising an exit channel extending therethrough, wherein said exit channel has a narrow portion wherein the diameter of the channel is 0.3 mm or less, said narrow portion being 0.5 mm or less in length;

said narrow portion optionally including a constriction, said constriction having a diameter of less than 0.3 mm.

2. The actuator of claim 1, wherein said portion of said nozzle block defining said exit channel comprises a plate having said channel extending therethrough.

3. The actuator of claim 1, wherein said portion of said nozzle block defining said exit channel comprises a surface comprising a material, wherein said material has a surface energy of 25 dynes/cm or less.

4. The actuator of claim 1, wherein said portion of said nozzle block defining said exit channel comprises a surface comprising a material, wherein said material has a smooth surface having a Ra value of 1 micron or less.

5. The actuator of claim 1, wherein said portion of said nozzle block defining said exit channel comprises a crystalline, metal or a polymeric material.

6. The actuator of claim 5 wherein said metal is selected from the group consisting aluminum, gold, nickel, and stainless steel.

7. The actuator of claim 5, wherein said material comprises a polymeric material and said polymeric material comprises polyethyhlene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polymethylmethylacrylate (PMMA), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyvinyldiene chloride (PVDC), polyvinyl fluoride (PVF), polyvinyldiene fluoride (PVDF), polychlorotrifluoroethylene (PCTFE), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP), perfluroroalkoxy (PFA), polyamide (PA), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polyetherimide (PEI), polyamideimide (PAM), polyimide (PI), polysulfone (PS), polyarylsulfone (PAS) polyethersulfone (PES), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polyetheretherketone (PEEK), polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), and polycarbonate (PC) or blends thereof.

8. The actuator of claim 1, wherein said exit channel is conical, and the diameter of said constriction is less than 0.3 mm and greater than about 0.05 millimeters.

9. The actuator of claim 1, wherein said narrow portion is 0.4 mm or less in length.

10. The actuator of claim 2, wherein said plate is 1.0 millimeter or less thick.

11. The actuator of claim 10, wherein said plate is from 1.0 millimeter to 0.05 millimeters thick.

12. The actuator of claim 1, wherein said fluid flow path has a volume of 30 microliters or less.

13. The actuator of claim 1, wherein said internal chamber is tubular and conical, and the diameter of the chamber decreases between its inlet and outlet.

14. The actuator of claim 13, wherein said internal chamber curves between said inlet and outlet.

15. The actuator of claim 1, wherein the nozzle block defines a protrusion, and said exit channel emerges from said block from said protrusion.

16. The actuator of claim 15, wherein said protrusion forms an acute point where said channel emerges from said protrusion.

17. The actuator of claim 15, wherein said protrusion comprises a blunt tip where said channel emerges from said protrusion.

18. The actuator of claim 1, wherein said internal chamber is smooth and conical and lacks surface features or ancillary cavities between the inlet and outlet which would create dead space therein.

19. The actuator of claim 1, wherein said nozzle block possesses between 1 and 9 exit channels.

20. A metered dose inhaler comprising:

a. a canister containing a fluid comprising a low boiling point propellant formulated with a medicament;

a metering valve connected to said canister, and a hollow valve stem extending from said metering valve, the hollow of said valve stem having an internal valve stem volume,

b. an actuator as defined in a claim 1;

and

c. said actuator further comprising a mouthpiece, said mouthpiece having a passageway, and said passageway being aligned with said exit channel, such that fluid metered from said canister, passes through said valve stem, passes into said fluid flow path, exits said channel, and is ejected from said passageway of said mouthpiece.

23. The actuator of claim 5 wherein said crystalline material is silicon.

21. A method for generating a material plume from a nozzle comprising the steps of:

a. providing an actuator for a metered dose inhaler comprising;

a nozzle block having a fluid flow path extending therethrough, said fluid flow path defined by an internal chamber having an inlet and an outlet;

said outlet being defined in a portion of said nozzle block and comprising an exit channel extending therethrough;

wherein said exit channel has a narrow portion wherein the diameter of the channel is 0.3 mm or less, said narrow portion being 0.5 mm or less in length;

said narrow portion optionally including a constriction, said constriction having a diameter of less than 0.3 mm;

b. introducing a metered dose of fluid containing a low boiling point propellant into said inlet;

c. expelling said fluid from said outlet in particulate form.

22. A method for the treatment, prophylaxis or diagnosis of a condition or disease in a patient comprising:

a. providing a metered dose inhaler comprising;

1. a canister containing a medicament in suspension or solution with a low boiling point fluid propellant, said canister possessing a metering valve for metering a dose of said suspension or solution, and hollow valve stem for transferring said metered dose from said metering valve, and

2. an actuator comprising;

a nozzle block having a fluid flow path extending therethrough, said fluid flow path defined by an internal chamber having an inlet and an outlet;

said outlet being defined in a portion of said nozzle block and comprising an exit channel extending therethrough;

wherein said exit channel has a narrow portion wherein the diameter of the channel is 0.3 mm or less, said narrow portion being 0.5 mm or less in length;

said narrow portion optionally including a constriction, said constriction having a diameter of less than 0.3 mm; and

b. introducing a metered dose of low boiling point propellant fluid into said inlet;

c. ejecting said metered dose from said outlet in particulate form; and

d. delivering said ejected metered dose to the pulmonary system of the patient.