Gas generating composition and gas generator

• US 20030097953A1
• Filed: 10/22/2002
• Published: 05/29/2003
• Est. Priority Date: 10/23/2001
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: NOF Corporation
• Original Assignee: NOF Corporation
• Inventors: Takahashi, Katsuhiko, Serizawa, Kazuya
• Granted Patent: US 7,335,270 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 102/531
• CPC Class Codes: C06B 31/10 with carbon or sulfur
• CPC Class Codes: C06D 5/06 by reaction of two or more solids

Abstract

Disclosed is a gas generating composition being stable and having a heating starting temperature of 170 to 220° C., which is of a low-temperature ignition type. The gas generating composition comprises ammonium perchlorate, a chlorine scavenger, and microcrystalline carbon powder. The chlorine scavenger is sodium nitrate or aluminum/magnesium mixed powder, and the microcrystalline carbon powder is activated carbon or charcoal. The gas generating composition preferably comprises 40 to 58% by weight of ammonium perchlorate, 30 to 41% by weight of the chlorine scavenger, and 1 to 30% by weight of the microcrystalline carbon powder.

Claims

1. A gas generating composition comprising:

(a) ammonium perchlorate;

(b) a chlorine scavenger; and

(c) microcrystalline carbon powder.

2. The gas generating composition according to claim 1, wherein the chlorine scavenger includes at least one selected from the group consisting of alkali metal nitrate, alkali metal carbonate, aluminum powder, and magnesium powder.

3. The gas generating composition according to claim 1, wherein the sum of the amounts of the ammonium perchlorate and the chlorine scavenger is 70 to 99% by weight, and the amount of the microcrystalline carbon powder is 1 to 30% by weight, in the gas generating composition.

4. The gas generating composition according to claim 1, wherein the chlorine scavenger is one of sodium nitrate and aluminum/magnesium mixed powder, and the microcrystalline carbon powder is one of activated carbon and charcoal, and wherein the content of the ammonium perchlorate is 40 to 58% by weight, the content of the chlorine scavenger is 30 to 43% by weight, and the content of the microcrystalline carbon powder is 1 to 30% by weight, in the gas generating composition.

5. The gas generating composition according to claim 1, further comprising at least one kind selected from the group consisting of (d) a polymer binder, (e) an organic acid or a salt thereof, and (f) a combustion controlling agent.

6. The gas generating composition according to claim 5, wherein the combustion controlling agent is one of a high energy substance and a decomposition catalyst for ammonium perchlorate.

7. The gas generating composition according to claim 5, wherein the chlorine scavenger is one of sodium nitrate and aluminum/magnesium mixed powder, the microcrystalline carbon powder is one of activated carbon and charcoal, and the polymer binder is one of cellulose acetate butyrate and cellulose acetate, and wherein the content of the ammonium perchlorate is 40 to 53% by weight, the content of the chlorine scavenger is 29 to 38% by weight, the content of the microcrystalline carbon powder is 5 to 20% by weight, and the content of the polymer binder is 4 to 15% by weight, in the gas generating composition.

8. A gas generator for air bag, comprising:

a gas generating composition which contains (a) ammonium perchlorate, (b) a chlorine scavenger, and (c) microcrystalline carbon powder; and

a container made of aluminum for accommodating the gas generating composition.

9. The gas generator according to claim 8, wherein the gas generating composition exhibits a weight loss of 5% or less and a heating starting temperature of 170 to 220°

C.

10. A gas generator for pretensioner, comprising:

a gas generating composition which contains (a) ammonium perchlorate, (b) a chlorine scavenger, and (c) microcrystalline carbon powder; and

a container made of aluminum for accommodating the gas generating composition.

11. The gas generator according to claim 10, wherein the gas generating composition exhibits a weight loss of 5% or less and a heating starting temperature of 170 to 220°

C.