Magnetic suturing system and method

• US 20030105474A1
• Filed: 12/03/2001
• Published: 06/05/2003
• Est. Priority Date: 12/03/2001
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: P TECH, LLC
• Original Assignee: The Bonutti 2003 Trust A
• Inventors: Bonutti, Peter M.
• Granted Patent: US 6,719,765 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 606/139
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/04 for suturing wounds; Holders or packages for needles or suture materials suture materials A61L17/00
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/0401 Suture anchors, buttons or pledgets, i.e. means for attaching sutures to bone, cartilage or soft tissue; Instruments for applying or removing suture anchors A61B17/0642 takes precedence; fixation devices for tendons or ligaments A61F2/0811
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/0469 Suturing instruments for use in minimally invasive surgery, e.g. endoscopic surgery
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2017/0414 having a suture-receiving opening, e.g. lateral opening lateral eyelet for attaching suture to needle A61B2017/06019
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 34/20 Surgical navigation systems; Devices for tracking or guiding surgical instruments, e.g. for frameless stereotaxis
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2210/009 magnetic
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/3787 from an external energy source

Abstract

The present invention relates to an instrument and method for passing a medical implement through tissue with magnetic forces. The implement can be an implant, either permanent or temporary, and is provided with a magnetic component. A magnetic field is established and the magnetic component and/or magnetic field is manipulated to drive the implant through tissue. Alternatively, the instrument itself is the implement and includes at least one magnetic element so that a magnetic field established by an external magnetic generator drives the instrument through tissue. In another embodiment, the instrument includes two magnetic elements that are moveable with respect to one another and interaction between the magnetic elements drives the instrument through the tissue. Examples of applications of the present invention include a suture passer and a tissue anchor.

Claims

1. A method of passing a medical implement having a magnetic component through tissue, the method comprising the steps of:

placing the medical implement on a first side of the tissue;

establishing a magnetic field on a second side of the tissue; and

manipulating at least one of the magnetic component and magnetic field to drive the medical implement through the tissue.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein the magnetic component is a portion of the medical implement.

3. The method of claim 1 wherein the magnetic component is attached to the medical implement.

4. The method of claim 1 wherein the magnetic component is made of a magnetizable material.

5. The method of claim 4 wherein the magnetic component is a permanent magnet.

6. The method of claim 1 wherein the magnetic component is an electromagnet.

7. The method of claim 1 wherein the magnetic field location is altered to provide directional control of the medical implement as it is driven through the tissue.

8. The method of claim 1 wherein the medical implement is made of a nonmagnetic matrix and the magnetic component is dispersed within the matrix material.

9. The method of claim 8 wherein the matrix is a resorbable material.

10. The method of claim 8 wherein the magnetic component comprises a plurality of iron particles.

11. A surgical instrument for delivery of an implant through tissue comprising:

a body;

a carrier located on the body for removeably securing at least a portion of the implant to the instrument;

a tip located at a distal end of the body and configured and dimensioned for insertion through the tissue; and

a magnetic element located on the body,

wherein interaction between the magnetic element and a magnetic field external to the tissue drives the instrument through the tissue.

12. The instrument of claim 11 wherein the magnetic element is part of the body.

13. The instrument of claim 11 wherein the magnetic element is attached to the body.

14. The instrument of claim 11 wherein the magnetic element is a permanent magnet.

15. The instrument of claim 11 wherein the magnetic element is an electromagnet.

16. The instrument of claim 11 wherein the magnetic element is movable to provide directional control of the instrument as it is driven through the tissue.

17. A suture passer for inserting a suture through tissue comprising:

an elongate body having proximal and distal ends;

a first jaw disposed on the distal end of the body and having a first magnetic element;

a second jaw disposed on the distal end of the body and having a second magnetic element, at least one of the first and second magnetic elements is an electromagnet;

a handle disposed on the proximal end of the body for manipulation of the suture passer; and

a controller for operating the electromagnet,

wherein the first and second jaws are movable relative to each other from a closed position to an open position and one of the polarity and strength of the electromagnet is changed to move the first and second jaws to the open and closed positions.

18. The suture passer of claim 17 wherein at least one of the first and second magnetic elements is made of a magnetizable material.

19. The suture passer of claim 17 wherein the first jaw has a piercer for penetrating the tissue and the second jaw has an opening for receiving the piercer.

20. The suture passer of claim 19 wherein the handle is operable to move the first and second jaws to the open and closed positions.

21. The suture passer of claim 19 wherein the piercer has an opening for receiving the suture so that the suture can be passed through the tissue after the piercer has penetrated the tissue.

22. The suture passer of claim 17 wherein the first jaw has a clip for holding a suture needle.

23. The suture passer of claim 22 wherein the handle is operable to move the first and second jaws to the open and closed positions.

24. The suture passer of claim 17 wherein the first magnetic element is a piercer insertable through the tissue at an angle and the first and second jaws are slideable with respect to one another to vary the angle the piercer is inserted through the tissue.

25. The suture passer of claim 24 wherein the piercer is attached to the first jaw.

26. The suture passer of claim 17 wherein:

the first magnetic element is a first electromagnet; and

the second magnetic element is a second electromagnet, and

wherein the first and second electromagnets are selectively activatable and deactivatable to move an implant back and forth through tissue.

27. The suture passer of claim 26 wherein at least one of the first and second jaws has a mechanical stop to removeably secure the implant to the jaw.

28. The suture passer of claim 27 wherein the mechanical stop is operated by the controller.

29. A method of passing a suture through tissue comprising the steps of:

removeably securing a suture needle to the first jaw of the suture passer of claim 17, the suture needle having a tip at one end and the suture attached to the other end;

inserting at least a portion of the body through an incision in a patient so that the first and second jaws are located adjacent the tissue;

separating the first and second jaws to the open position so that the first jaw is on a first side of the tissue and the second jaw is on a second side of the tissue; and

operating the controller to move the first and second jaws to the closed position so that the tip penetrates the tissue.

30. The method of passing a suture of claim 29 further comprising the steps of:

releasing the needle from the first jaw; and

pulling the needle to thereby pass the suture through the tissue.

31. The method of passing a suture of claim 29 further comprising the steps of:

releasing the needle from the first jaw;

removeably securing the needle to the second jaw; and

pulling the needle to thereby pass the suture through the tissue.

32. The method of passing a suture of claim 31 wherein the first and second magnetic elements removeably secure the needle to the respective first and second jaws.

33. A method of passing a suture through tissue comprising the steps of:

providing the first jaw of the suture passer of claim 17 with a piercer for penetrating the tissue and the second jaw with an opening for receiving the piercer;

inserting at least a portion of the body through an incision in a patient so that the first and second jaws are located adjacent the tissue;

separating the first and second jaws to the open position so that the first jaw is on a first side of the tissue and the second jaw is on a second side of the tissue;

operating the controller to move the first and second jaws to the closed position so that the tip penetrates the tissue; and

feeding the suture through a bore in the piercer.