Galvanic probes as pH and oxidation reduction potential sensors, control devices employing such probes, and related methods
First Claim
1. A galvanic probe comprising a sensor electrode having an exposed surface comprising (1) a first material selected from the group consisting of noble metals, antimony, and bismuth, and (2) optionally, an oxide or hydroxide of the first material, and a reference electrode spaced apart from the sensor electrode and having an exposed surface comprising (1) a second material selected from the group consisting of zinc and magnesium, and (2) optionally, an oxide or hydroxide of the second material.
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Accused Products
Abstract
A galvanic probe comprises a sensor electrode and a reference electrode. The sensor electrode has an exposed surface that comprises a noble metal or antimony or bismuth, and, optionally, an oxide or hydroxide thereof. The reference electrode is spaced apart from the sensor electrode and has an exposed surface that comprises zinc or magnesium, and, optionally, an oxide or hydroxide thereof. The probe may be incorporated into a device for controlling the pH and/or ORP of a fluid in a vessel to a desired pH and/or ORP level, incorporated into methods for measuring the pH and/or ORP of a fluid, or used as a galvanic cell.
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Citations
81 Claims
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1. A galvanic probe comprising a sensor electrode having an exposed surface comprising (1) a first material selected from the group consisting of noble metals, antimony, and bismuth, and (2) optionally, an oxide or hydroxide of the first material, and
a reference electrode spaced apart from the sensor electrode and having an exposed surface comprising (1) a second material selected from the group consisting of zinc and magnesium, and (2) optionally, an oxide or hydroxide of the second material.
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54. A device for controlling the pH of a fluid in a vessel to a desired pH level, comprising:
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(a) a sensor electrode having an exposed surface comprising (1) a first material selected from the group consisting of antimony, and bismuth, and (2) optionally, an oxide or hydroxide of the first material;
(b) a reference electrode spaced apart from the sensor electrode and having an exposed surface comprising (1) a second material selected from the group consisting of zinc and magnesium, and (2) optionally, an oxide or hydroxide of the second material; and
(c) a circuit;
arranged such that said electrodes generate a signal when the electrodes are in contact with a fluid having a pH such that the electrodes are in electrochemical communication with each other, the signal being input to and processed by said circuit. - View Dependent Claims (55, 56)
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57. A device for controlling the pH of a fluid in a vessel to a desired ORP level, comprising:
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(a) a sensor electrode having an exposed surface comprising (1) a noble metal, and (2) optionally, an oxide or hydroxide of the first material;
(b) a reference electrode spaced apart from the sensor electrode and having an exposed surface comprising (1) a second material selected from the group consisting of zinc and magnesium, and (2) optionally, an oxide or hydroxide of the second material; and
(c) a circuit;
arranged such that said electrodes generate a signal when the electrodes are in contact with a fluid having an ORP such that the electrodes are in electrochemical communication with each other, the signal being input to and processed by said circuit. - View Dependent Claims (58, 59, 60)
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65. A galvanic cell comprising an electrolyte in contact with:
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a) a sensor electrode having an exposed surface comprising (1) a first material selected from the group consisting of noble metals, antimony, and bismuth, and (2) optionally, an oxide or hydroxide of the first material; and
b) a reference electrode spaced apart from the sensor electrode and having an exposed surface comprising (1) a second material selected from the group consisting of zinc and magnesium, and (2) optionally, an oxide or hydroxide of the second material. - View Dependent Claims (66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81)
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Specification