Ion selective electrodes for direct organic drug analysis in saliva, sweat, and surface wipes
First Claim
1. A device to detect an organic drug in saliva or from a surface swab comprising:
- (a) at least one ion selective electrode to detect an organic drug in saliva or a surface wipe being comprised of (i) a reference electrode; and
(ii) a sensing electrode with a semi-permeable ion selective membrane comprising a hydrophobic polymer, a plasticizer, and an ionophore selective for the organic drug to be tested; and
wherein there is electrical contact between the reference electrode and the sensing electrode; and
(b) a converter connected to the ion selective electrode to convert a voltage reading from the ion selective electrode to a quantitative drug concentration level.
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Accused Products
Abstract
A hand-held portable drug monitoring system to detect and quantitate cocaine and other organic drugs in saliva, sweat, and surface wipes by using an ion selective electrode or an array of ion selective electrodes. The ion selective electrode has a cast membrane reference electrode and a sensing electrode with a hydrophobic polymer, a plasticizer, and an ionophore selective for the organic drug to be tested. The ion selective electrode can be connected to a converter that coverts a voltage reading from the ion selective electrode to a quantitative drug concentration level. Also disclosed is the related method of using an ion selective electrode to detect an organic drug in saliva, sweat, and surface wipes, the method of testing electrical contact in an ion selective electrode, and the method of making a cast membrane reference electrode.
22 Citations
28 Claims
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1. A device to detect an organic drug in saliva or from a surface swab comprising:
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(a) at least one ion selective electrode to detect an organic drug in saliva or a surface wipe being comprised of (i) a reference electrode; and
(ii) a sensing electrode with a semi-permeable ion selective membrane comprising a hydrophobic polymer, a plasticizer, and an ionophore selective for the organic drug to be tested; and
wherein there is electrical contact between the reference electrode and the sensing electrode; and
(b) a converter connected to the ion selective electrode to convert a voltage reading from the ion selective electrode to a quantitative drug concentration level. - View Dependent Claims (7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25)
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2. The device of claim I wherein an array of ion selective electrodes is used to detect and quantitate a plurality of organic drugs.
- 3. The device of claim I wherein said reference electrode is a cast membrane electrode.
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12. The device of claim I wherein said plasticizer is selected from the group consisting of bis (2-ethylhexyl) sebacate, octyl [2-(trifluoromethyl) phenyl] ether, chloroparaffin, Santovac 5, bis (2-ethylhexyl) maleate, tris (2-ethylhexyl) trimellitate, 2-nitrophenyl octyl ether, bis (2-ethylhexyl) hydrogen phosphate, dioctyl phthalate, and mixtures thereof.
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26. A method for testing electrical contact in an ion selective electrode comprising the steps of:
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(a) injecting a voltage pulse into a reference electrode; and
(b) determining if there is a corresponding voltage pulse in a sensing electrode.
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27. A method of making a cast membrane reference electrode comprising the steps of:
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(a) casting an ionophoric membrane over a hole;
(b) filling the interior of the hole with a salt solution;
(c) placing a wire into the solution; and
(d) sealing the hole. - View Dependent Claims (28)
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Specification