Multi-layer coated porous materials and methods of making the same

• US 20030124332A1
• Filed: 08/28/2002
• Published: 07/03/2003
• Est. Priority Date: 08/28/2001
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Porex Corporation (FGI Equity LLC)
• Original Assignee: Porex Corporation (FGI Equity LLC)
• Inventors: Greene,, George IV, Mao, Guoqiang, Yao, Li
• Granted Patent: US 7,094,464 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 428/304.4
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 33/521 Single-layer analytical elements
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 33/54353 with ligand attached to the carrier via a chemical coupling agent coatings G01N33/54393
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 33/54366 Apparatus specially adapted for solid-phase testing
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 33/54388 based on lateral flow
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 33/54393 Improving reaction conditions or stability, e.g. by coating or irradiation of surface, by reduction of non-specific binding, by promotion of specific binding
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 33/558 using diffusion or migration of antigen or antibody immunochromatographic test strips G01N33/54387
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/249953 Composite having voids in a component [e.g., porous, cellular, etc.]
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/249991 Synthetic resin or natural rubbers
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/249992 Linear or thermoplastic
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/249993 Hydrocarbon polymer

Abstract

Multi-layer coated materials and methods of making them are disclosed. In a specific embodiment, a porous polymeric substrate is pre-activated and immersed in a polyelectrolyte solution to form a first layer having an electric charge and at least one functional group. The coated material is next immersed in a second solution of a material having an electric charge opposite of that of the first layer to provide a bi-layer coating. This process can be repeated to form multi-layer coatings on porous substrates.

Claims

1. A multi-layer coated material comprising a substrate, a first layer, and a second layer, wherein the substrate comprises a sintered porous polymeric material;

the first layer comprises molecules bound to a surface of the substrate through covalent bounds, electrostatic interactions, or combinations thereof; and

the second layer comprises molecules bound to the first layer through covalent bounds, electrostatic interactions, or combinations thereof.

2. The material of claim 1, wherein the polymeric material is a polyolefin, polyester, polyurethane, polycarbonate, polyetheretherketone, poly(phenylene oxide), poly(ether sulfone), or nylon.

3. The material of claim 2, wherein the polyolefin is ethylene vinyl acetate, ethylene methyl acrylate, polyethylene, polypropylene, ethylene-propylene rubber, ethylene-propylene-diene rubbers, poly(l-butene), polystyrene, poly(2-butene), poly(1-pentene), poly(2-pentene), poly(3-methyl-1 -pentene), poly(4-methyl-1-pentene), 1,2-poly-1,3-butadiene, 1,4-poly-1,3-butadiene;

polyisoprene, polychloroprene, poly(vinyl acetate), poly(vinylidene chloride), poly(vinylidene fluoride), poly(tetra fluoro ethylene), or mixtures thereof.

4. The material of claim 1, wherein the molecules of the first layer and the second layer are independently selected from polyelectrolyte, surfactant, neutral polymer, small molecule, biomolecule, or combinations thereof.

5. The material of claim 4, wherein the polyelectrolyte is a phosphate, polyethyleneimide, poly(vinylimidazoline), quaterized polyacrylamide, polyvinylpyridine, poly(vinylpyrrolidone), polyvinylamine, polyallylamine, chitosan, polylysine, poly(acrylate trialkyl ammonia salt ester), cellulose, poly(acrylic acid), polymethylacrylic acid, poly(styrenesulfuric acid), poly(vinylsulfonic acid), poly(toluene sulfuric acid), poly(methyl vinyl ether-alt-maleic acid), poly(glutamic acid), surfactant, dextran sulfate, hyaluric acid, heparin, alginic acid, adipic acid, chemical dye, protein, enzyme, nucleic acid, peptide, or a salt, ester, and/or copolymer thereof.

6. The material of claim 5, wherein the polyelectrolyte is a polyethyleneimide, poly(vinylpyrrolidone), or a copolymer thereof.

7. The material of claim 4, wherein the neutral polymer is an isocyannated terminated polymer, epoxy-terminated polymer, or hydroxylsuccimide terminated polymer.

8. The material of claim 7, wherein the neutral polymer is polyurethane, poly(ethylene glycol), or polysiloxane.

9. The material of claim 4, wherein the small molecule is sodium dodecylsulfonate, dodecyltrimethylamonium bromide, phosphate, sulfonate, bronate, sulfonate, dye, lipid, metal ion, or surfactant containing fluorine.

10. The material of claim 4, wherein the biomolecule is a protein, enzyme, lipid, hormone, peptide, nucleic acid, oligonucleic acid, DNA, RNA, sugar, or polysaccharide.

11. The material of claim 4, wherein the first layer comprises molecules of polyethyleneimide and the second layer comprises molecules of a poly(acrylic acid), a copolymer containing poly(acrylic acid), or a surfactant.

12. The material of claim 11, wherein the second layer comprises a fluorinated surfactant.

13. The material of claim 4, wherein the first layer comprises molecules of polyallylammoniumchloride, and the second layer comprises molecules of polyvinylsulfate.

14. The material of claim 4, wherein the substrate has been further coated with one or more additional layers bound to the second or one of the additional layers through covalent bounds, electrostatic interactions, or combinations thereof.

15. The material of claim 14, wherein the substrate is coated with three layers, the first layer comprising molecules of polyethyleneimide;

the second layer comprising molecules of a polyallylamine; and

the third layer comprising of molecules of polyethyleneimide, polyvinylamine, or a surfactant.

16. A method of producing a multi-layer coated material comprising:

coating a first layer of molecules onto a surface of a substrate through covalent bounds, electrostatic interactions, or combinations thereof;

coating a second layer of molecules onto said first layer through covalent bounds, electrostatic interactions, or combinations thereof.

17. The method of claim 16, further comprising surface activating the substrate.

18. The method of claim 17, wherein the surface activation is by means of chemical treatment, plasma discharge, corona discharge, electron-beam, or combinations thereof.

19. The method of claim 16, wherein the substrate is porous.

20. The method of claim 16, wherein the substrate is a metal, alloy, ceramic material, glass, carbon, silicon, or polymer.

21. The method of claim 20, wherein the polymer is a sintered porous polymer.

22. The method of claim 20, wherein the polymer is a polyolefin, polyester, polyurethane, polycarbonate, polyetheretherketone, poly(phenylene oxide), poly(ether sulfone), or nylon.

23. The material of claim 22, wherein the polyolefin is ethylene vinyl acetate, ethylene methyl acrylate, polyethylene, polypropylene, ethylene-propylene rubber, ethylene-propylene-diene rubbers, poly(l-butene), polystyrene, poly(2-butene), poly(1-pentene), poly(2-pentene), poly(3-methyl-1-pentene), poly(4-methyl-1-pentene), 1,2-poly-1,3-butadiene, 1,4-poly-1,3-butadiene;

polyisoprene, polychloroprene, poly(vinyl acetate), poly(vinylidene chloride), poly(vinylidene fluoride), poly(tetra fluoro ethylene), or mixture thereof.

24. The method of claim 16, wherein the molecules of the first layer and the second layer are independently selected from polyelectrolyte, surfactant, neutral polymer, small molecule, biomolecule, or combination thereof.

25. The method of claim 16, further comprising coating one or more additional layers of molecules onto the second or the additional layer through covalent bounds, electrostatic interactions, or combinations thereof.