Non-aqueous electrochemical cells

• US 20030124421A1
• Filed: 02/10/2003
• Published: 07/03/2003
• Est. Priority Date: 12/14/2001
• Status: Abandoned Application

• Current Assignee: Gillette Company (The Procter & Gamble Company)
• Original Assignee: Gillette Company (The Procter & Gamble Company)
• Inventors: Issaev, Nikolai N., Pozin, Michael
• Application Number:
  US10/361,945
• Publication Number:
  US 20030124421A1
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 429/199
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/502 for non-aqueous cells H01M4/505 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/661 Metal or alloys, e.g. alloy coatings H01M4/669 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 50/119 Metals
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 50/145 for protecting against corrosion
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 6/166 by the solute
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/10 Energy storage using batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02P 70/50 Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 29/49108 Electric battery cell making

Abstract

An electrochemical secondary cell is disclosed. The cell includes a cathode, an anode, a cathode current collector including stainless steel, and an electrolyte containing a perchlorate salt and a second salt.

Claims

1. An electrochemical cell, comprising:

a cathode;

an anode;

a cathode current collector comprising steel; and

an electrolyte comprising a perchlorate salt and a second salt, wherein the electrochemical cell is a secondary cell.

2. The cell of claim 1, wherein the cathode current collector comprises a stainless steel.

3. The cell of claim 1, wherein the steel is selected from the group consisting of a 200 series stainless steel, a 300 series stainless steel, a 400 series stainless steel, and a cold roll steel.

4. The cell of claim 1, wherein the perchlorate salt comprises LiClO₄.

5. The cell of claim 1, wherein the perchlorate salt comprises a material selected from the group consisting of Ca(ClO₄)₂, Ba(ClO₄)₂, Al(ClO₄)₃, Mg(ClO₄)₂, KClO₄, tetrabutylammonium perchlorate, and tetraethylammonium perchlorate.

6. The cell of claim 1, wherein the electrolyte comprises between about 300 ppm and about 50,000 ppm by weight of the perchlorate salt.

7. The cell of claim 1, wherein the electrolyte comprises between about 300 ppm and about 40,000 ppm by weight of the perchlorate salt.

8. The cell of claim 1, wherein the electrolyte comprises between about 300 ppm and about 30,000 ppm by weight of the perchlorate salt.

9. The cell of claim 1, wherein the electrolyte comprises between about 300 ppm and about 20,000 ppm by weight of the perchlorate salt.

10. The cell of claim 1, wherein the electrolyte comprises between about 300 ppm and about 10,000 ppm by weight of the perchlorate salt.

11. The cell of claim 1, wherein the electrolyte comprises between about 300 ppm and about 5,000 ppm by weight of the perchlorate salt.

12. An electrochemical cell, comprising:

a cathode;

an anode;

a cathode current collector including steel; and

an electrolyte containing a perchlorate salt and a second salt, wherein the electrochemical cell is a primary cell.

13. The cell of claim 12, wherein the cathode comprises manganese oxide.

14. The cell of claim 12, wherein the anode comprises lithium.

15. The cell of claim 12, wherein the cathode current collector comprises a stainless steel.

16. The cell of claim 12, wherein the steel is selected from the group consisting of a 200 series stainless steel, a 300 series stainless steel, a 400 series stainless steel, and a cold roll steel.

17. The cell of claim 12, wherein the perchlorate salt comprises LiClO₄.

18. The cell of claim 12, wherein the perchlorate salt comprises a material selected from the group consisting of Ca(ClO₄)₂, Ba(ClO₄)₂, Al(ClO₄)₃, Mg(ClO₄)₂, KClO₄, tetrabutylanmonium perchlorate, and tetraethylammonium perchlorate.

19. The cell of claim 12, wherein the electrolyte comprises between about 300 ppm and about 50,000 ppm by weight of the perchlorate salt.

20. The cell of claim 12, wherein the electrolyte comprises between about 300 ppm and about 40,000 ppm by weight of the perchlorate salt.

21. The cell of claim 12, wherein the electrolyte comprises between about 300 ppm and about 30,000 ppm by weight of the perchlorate salt.

22. The cell of claim 12, wherein the electrolyte comprises between about 300 ppm and about 20,000 ppm by weight of the perchlorate salt.

23. The cell of claim 12, wherein the electrolyte comprises between about 300 ppm and about 10,000 ppm by weight of the perchlorate salt.

24. The cell of claim 12, wherein the electrolyte comprises between about 300 ppm and about 5,000 ppm by weight of the perchlorate salt.

25. An electrochemical cell, comprising:

a cathode;

an anode;

an electrolyte comprising a perchlorate salt;

a first portion comprising a steel; and

a second portion in electrical contact with the first portion, wherein the first and second portions are in electrical contact with the cathode.

26. The cell of claim 25, wherein the first portion comprises a stainless steel.

27. The cell of claim 25, wherein the steel is selected from the group consisting of a 200 series stainless steel, a 300 series stainless steel, a 400 series stainless steel, and a cold roll steel.

28. The cell of claim 25, wherein the first portion is defined by a cathode current collector.

29. The cell of claim 25, wherein the first portion is defined by a container of the cell.

30. The cell of claim 25, wherein the first portion is defined by a tab, a rivet, or a contact plate.

31. The cell of claim 25, wherein the first portion has at least one dimension greater than 0.5 mm.

32. The cell of claim 25, wherein the first portion has at least one dimension greater than 1 mm.

33. The cell of claim 25, wherein the first portion has at least one dimension greater than 2 mm.

34. The cell of claim 25, wherein the first and second portion physically contact each other.

35. The cell of claim 25, wherein the second portion comprises a steel.

36. The cell of claim 25, wherein the second portion comprises a stainless steel.

37. The cell of claim 25, wherein the second portion comprises a composition different than a composition of the first portion.

38. The cell of claim 25, wherein the second portion comprises a composition the same as a composition of the first portion.

39. The cell of claim 25, wherein the cathode comprises manganese oxide.

40. The cell of claim 25, wherein the anode comprises lithium.

41. The cell of claim 25, wherein the cell is a primary cell.

42. The cell of claim 25, wherein the cell is a secondary cell.

43. The cell of claim 25, wherein the perchlorate salt comprises LiClO₄.

44. The cell of claim 25, wherein the perchlorate salt comprises a material selected from the group consisting of Ca(ClO₄)₂, Ba(ClO₄)₂, Al(ClO₄)₃, Mg(ClO₄)₂, KClO₄, tetrabutylammonium perchlorate, and tetraethylammonium perchlorate.

45. The cell of claim 25, wherein the electrolyte comprises between about 300 ppm and about 50,000 ppm by weight of the perchlorate salt.

46. The cell of claim 25, wherein the electrolyte comprises between about 300 ppm and about 40,000 ppm by weight of the perchlorate salt.

47. The cell of claim 25, wherein the electrolyte comprises between about 300 ppm and about 30,000 ppm by weight of the perchlorate salt.

48. The cell of claim 25, wherein the electrolyte comprises between about 300 ppm and about 20,000 ppm by weight of the perchlorate salt.

49. The cell of claim 25, wherein the electrolyte comprises between about 300 ppm and about 10,000 ppm by weight of the perchlorate salt.

50. The cell of claim 25, wherein the electrolyte comprises between about 300 ppm and about 5,000 ppm by weight of the perchlorate salt.

51. An electrochemical cell, comprising:

a cathode;

an anode;

an electrolyte comprising a perchlorate salt;

a first portion comprising aluminum; and

a second portion in electrical contact with the first portion, wherein the first and second portions are in electrical contact with the cathode.

52. The cell of claim 51, wherein the first portion comprises an aluminum alloy.

53. The cell of claim 51, wherein the first portion is defined by a tab, a rivet, or a contact plate.

54. The cell of claim 51, wherein the second portion comprises a material different than a material of the first portion.

55. The cell of claim 51, wherein the second portion comprises steel or stainless steel.

56. A method of reducing corrosion, comprising:

adding a perchlorate salt to a non-aqueous solution.

57. The method of claim 56, further comprising

placing the solution, a cathode, an anode, and a member comprising steel into an electrochemical cell.

58. The method of claim 57, wherein the member comprises a stainless steel.

59. The method of claim 57, wherein the steel is selected from the group consisting of a 200 series stainless steel, a 300 series stainless steel, a 400 series stainless steel, and a cold roll steel.

60. The method of claim 56, wherein the perchlorate salt comprises LiClO₄.

61. The method of claim 56, wherein the perchlorate salt comprises a material selected from the group consisting of Ca(ClO₄)₂, Ba(ClO₄)₂, Al(ClO₄)₃, Mg(ClO₄)₂, KClO₄, tetrabutylammonium perchlorate, and tetraethylammonium perchlorate.

62. The method of claim 56, wherein the electrolyte comprises between about 300 ppm and about 50,000 ppm by weight of the perchlorate salt.

63. The method of claim 56, wherein the electrolyte comprises between about 300 ppm and about 40,000 ppm by weight of the perchlorate salt.

64. The method of claim 56, wherein the electrolyte comprises between about 300 ppm and about 30,000 ppm by weight of the perchlorate salt.

65. The method of claim 56, wherein the electrolyte comprises between about 300 ppm and about 20,000 ppm by weight of the perchlorate salt.

66. The method of claim 56, wherein the electrolyte comprises between about 300 ppm and about 10,000 ppm by weight of the perchlorate salt.

67. The method of claim 56, wherein the electrolyte comprises between about 300 ppm and about 5,000 ppm by weight of the perchlorate salt.