System and method for improving the efficiency of routers on the internet and/or cellular networks an/or other networks and alleviating bottlenecks and overloads on the network
First Claim
1. A system for using optical marks for fast locating of the beginnings of data packets and the positions of the target addresses of said packets within the data passing through optic fibers in order to enable faster locating and extracting of said packets and said target addresses for fast packet switching, without the need to convert more than at most a small number of bytes in each packet to electricity for processing, comprising:
- A device for creating said optical marks;
A device at the router for optically detecting and extracting at least part of the packet header before delaying the light bits;
A device for delaying the light bits at the router for the time needed for making packet switching decisions without having to convert said light bits to electricity;
A computer for comparing said target addresses to the required database and making packet switching decisions;
A fast optical router for carrying out said packet switching decisions after the light has passed through the delaying device, without having to convert the light bits to electricity;
A device for compensating for the margin of error that occurs when the response time of said fast optical router is too slow for the bit rate and enabling addition and deletion of data if required
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Abstract
The biggest bottleneck in the Internet today is caused by the slow speed of routers, compared to the speeds that are achieved by optic fibers with DWDM (Dense Wave Division Multiplexing). Packet switching or something similar to it is needed not just for better utilization of the lines, but also because it is superior to circuit switching in many ways, such as better scalability as the Internet grows, better handling of traffic congestions, and better routing flexibility. But optical routers are currently unable to do packet switching except by translating the data to electronic data and then back, which is very inefficient. The present invention solves this problem by optically marking and detecting the packet headers or parts of them, translating at most only the headers or parts of them to electronics for making packet switching decisions, and keeping the rest of the packets in optical delay lines, and solving response-time problems in the router, so that the crude optical switches can execute the packet switching decisions at fast bit rates. This solution has very high scalability and becomes even more efficient when physical addresses are used. Another optimization described in this invention is improving routing efficiency and bandwidth utilization by grouping together identical data packets from the same source going to the same general area with a multiple list of targets connected to each copy of the data and sent together to the general target area. These grouped packets are then preferably broken down into smaller groups by the routers in the general target area and finally broken down to individual data packets for delivering to the final actual destinations. This optimization works best with Physical addresses, and can be very useful for example for optimizing the access to very popular sites such as for example Yahoo or CNN, and can be used also for example for more efficiently transferring streaming data, such as for example from Internet radio stations, or Internet TV stations which will probably exist in the next years. Another important optimization is a new architecture and principles for routing based on physical geographical IP addresses (such as for example based on GPS), in a way much more efficient than has been previously discussed in the literature that suggested using physical (geographical) addresses. However, conversion from the current architecture to the new one can be done very easy, as shown in the description below.
61 Citations
66 Claims
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1. A system for using optical marks for fast locating of the beginnings of data packets and the positions of the target addresses of said packets within the data passing through optic fibers in order to enable faster locating and extracting of said packets and said target addresses for fast packet switching, without the need to convert more than at most a small number of bytes in each packet to electricity for processing, comprising:
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A device for creating said optical marks;
A device at the router for optically detecting and extracting at least part of the packet header before delaying the light bits;
A device for delaying the light bits at the router for the time needed for making packet switching decisions without having to convert said light bits to electricity;
A computer for comparing said target addresses to the required database and making packet switching decisions;
A fast optical router for carrying out said packet switching decisions after the light has passed through the delaying device, without having to convert the light bits to electricity;
A device for compensating for the margin of error that occurs when the response time of said fast optical router is too slow for the bit rate and enabling addition and deletion of data if required - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 27)
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6. A method for using optical marks for fast locating of the beginnings of data packets and the positions of the target addresses of said packets within the data passing through optic fibers in order to enable faster locating and extracting of said packets and said target addresses for fast packet switching, without the need to convert more than at most a small number of bytes in each packet to electricity for processing, comprising:
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A method for creating said optical marks;
A method at the router for optically detecting and extracting at least part of the packet header before delaying the light bits;
A method for delaying the light bits at the router for the time needed for making packet switching decisions without having to convert said light bits to electricity;
A computer for comparing said target addresses to the required database and making packet switching decisions;
A fast optical router for carrying out said packet switching decisions after the light has passed through the delaying device, without having to convert the light bits to electricity;
A method for compensating for the margin of error that occurs when the response time of said fast optical router is too slow for the bit rate and enabling addition and deletion of data if required - View Dependent Claims (7, 8, 9, 10, 25, 26)
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- 28. A system for improving routing efficiency and bandwidth utilization efficiency in Networks of interconnected devices such as the Internet and cellular networks, wherein identical data packets from the same source going to the same general area can be grouped together with a multiple list of targets connected to each copy of the data and sent together to the general target area.
- 31. A method for improving routing efficiency and bandwidth utilization efficiency in Networks of interconnected devices such as the Internet and cellular networks, wherein identical data packets from the same source going to the same general area can be grouped together with a multiple list of targets connected to each copy of the data and sent together to the general target area.
- 34. A method of improving routing efficiency and bandwidth utilization efficiency in Networks of interconnected devices such as the Internet and cellular networks, wherein proxies are used which can work also with streaming data by using short time windows to combine requests for data together.
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40. A system for improving routing efficiency in Networks such as the Internet and cellular networks, wherein routers have also a cache memory, so that, since usually a number of packets belonging to the same communication may reach the router within a short time interval, the router can remember and use the same routing decision for other packets that are going to the same target.
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41. A method for improving routing efficiency in Networks such as the Internet and cellular networks, wherein routers use also a cache memory, so that, since usually a number of packets belonging to the same communication may reach the router within a short time interval, the router can remember and use the same routing decision for other packets that are going to the same target.
- 52. A system for improving routing efficiency in Networks of interconnected devices such as the Internet and cellular networks, wherein physical coordinates are used and each router makes its routing decisions mainly by choosing the router whose physical coordinate are closest to the target'"'"'s physical coordinates.
- 55. A method for improving routing efficiency in Networks of interconnected devices such as the Internet and cellular networks, wherein physical coordinates are used and each router makes its routing decisions mainly by choosing the router whose physical coordinate-are closest to the target'"'"'s physical coordinates.
Specification