System for improved biological nutrient removal
First Claim
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1. A method for the determination of NO2−
- in water by subjecting said water sample to ultraviolet resonance Raman spectroscopy within the range of wavelengths of 200-240 nm, and determining the presence of NO2−
based on said Raman spectral measurement.
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Abstract
A method is provided for the determination of NO2− and/and NO3− in water by subjecting the water sample to ultraviolet resonance Raman spectroscopy within the range of wavelengths of 200-240 nm, and determining the presence of NO2− and/or NO3− based on the Raman spectral measurement. The method has particularly applicability to the determination of such ions in wastewater. The method may also be employed with advantage in the control of processes involving the removal of ammonium ions upon reaction with oxygen.
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Citations
19 Claims
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1. A method for the determination of NO2−
- in water by subjecting said water sample to ultraviolet resonance Raman spectroscopy within the range of wavelengths of 200-240 nm, and determining the presence of NO2−
based on said Raman spectral measurement. - View Dependent Claims (4, 7, 10, 13, 16)
- in water by subjecting said water sample to ultraviolet resonance Raman spectroscopy within the range of wavelengths of 200-240 nm, and determining the presence of NO2−
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2. A method for the determination of NO3−
- in water by subjecting said water sample to ultraviolet resonance Raman spectroscopy within the range of wavelengths of 200-240 nm, and determining the presence of NO3−
based on said Raman spectral measurement. - View Dependent Claims (5, 8, 11, 14, 17)
- in water by subjecting said water sample to ultraviolet resonance Raman spectroscopy within the range of wavelengths of 200-240 nm, and determining the presence of NO3−
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3. A method for the determination of NO2−
- and NO3−
in water by subjecting said water sample to ultraviolet resonance Raman spectroscopy within the range of wavelengths of 200-240 nm, and determining the presence of NO2−
and NO3−
based on said Raman spectral measurement. - View Dependent Claims (6, 9, 12, 15, 18)
- and NO3−
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19. In a method for the removal of ammonium ions from an aqueous sample by contact of said ammonium ions with oxygen to yield nitrogen, water and hydrogen ions according to the following equation:
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4NH4++3O2→
2N2+6H2O+4H+the improvement wherein the level of oxygen present as a reactant is determined by determining the ratio of NO3−
to NO2−
present in said sample by subjecting said sample to ultraviolet resonance Raman spectroscopy within the range of wavelengths of 200-240 nm, and thereby determining the quantity of NO3−
and NO2−
present in said sample based on said Raman spectral measurement, and controlling the amount of oxygen contacting said ammonium ions based on said measurement whereby nitrate ion formation is minimized.
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Specification