Hydrogel compositions for tooth whitening

• US 20030152528A1
• Filed: 02/05/2003
• Published: 08/14/2003
• Est. Priority Date: 05/01/2001
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: AV Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Corium Pharma Solutions, Inc.
• Original Assignee: Corium International, Inc.
• Inventors: Cleary, Gary W., Singh, Parminder, Feldstein, Mikhail M., Mudumba, Sri, Bairamov, Danir R.
• Granted Patent: US 8,840,918 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 424/53
• CPC Class Codes: A61C 19/066 Bleaching devices; Whitening agent applicators for teeth, e.g. trays or strips
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 2800/262 Transparent; Translucent
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 2800/54 Polymers characterized by specific structures/properties
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 2800/5422 nonionic
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 2800/5424 anionic
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 2800/59 Mixtures
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 6/20 Protective coatings for natural or artificial teeth, e.g. sealings, dye coatings or varnish
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 6/30 Compositions for temporarily or permanently fixing teeth or palates, e.g. primers for dental adhesives
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 6/65 Dyes
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 6/78 Pigments
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 8/0208 Tissues; Wipes; Patches
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 8/042 Gels
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 8/22 Peroxides; Oxygen; Ozone
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 8/731 Cellulose; Quaternized cellulose derivatives
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 8/8152 Homopolymers or copolymers of esters, e.g. (meth)acrylic acid esters; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 8/817 Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a single or double bond to nitrogen or by a heterocyclic ring containing nitrogen; Compositions or derivatives of such polymers, e.g. vinylimidazol, vinylcaprolactame, allylamines (Polyquaternium 6)
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 8/8176 Homopolymers of N-vinyl-pyrrolidones. Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 8/86 Polyethers
• CPC Class Codes: A61L 15/60 Liquid-swellable gel-forming materials, e.g. super-absorbents
• CPC Class Codes: A61Q 11/00 Preparations for care of the teeth, of the oral cavity or of dentures; Dentifrices, e.g. toothpastes; Mouth rinses
• CPC Class Codes: A61Q 11/02 : Preparations for deodorising, bleaching or disinfecting dentures
• CPC Class Codes: C08L 1/08 : Cellulose derivatives
• CPC Class Codes: C08L 2312/00 : Crosslinking
• CPC Class Codes: C08L 33/06 : of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, which oxygen atoms are present only as part of the carboxyl radical
• CPC Class Codes: C08L 39/04 : Homopolymers or copolymers of monomers containing heterocyclic rings having nitrogen as ring member
• CPC Class Codes: C08L 53/00 : Compositions of block copolymers containing at least one sequence of a polymer obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
• CPC Class Codes: C08L 71/02 : Polyalkylene oxides

Abstract

A composition is provided, wherein the composition comprises a water-swellable, water-insoluble polymer, a blend of a hydrophilic polymer and a complementary oligomer capable of hydrogen bonding to the hydrophilic polymer, and a whitening agent, preferably a peroxide. The composition finds utility as a tooth whitening composition and is applied to the teeth in need of whitening, and then removed when the degree of whitening has been achieved. In certain embodiments, the composition is translucent. Methods for preparing and using the compositions are also disclosed.

Claims

1. A composition comprising:

(a) a water-swellable, water-insoluble polymer;

(b) a blend of a hydrophilic polymer and a complementary oligomer capable of hydrogen bonding to the hydrophilic polymer; and

(c) a whitening agent.

2. The composition of claim 1, wherein the water-swellable, water-insoluble polymer is a cellulose ester or an acrylate-based polymer or copolymer.

3. The composition of claim 2, wherein the cellulose ester is comprised of at least one cellulosic polymer containing unesterified cellulose monomer units, cellulose acetate monomer units, and either cellulose butyrate monomer units or cellulose propionate monomer units.

4. The composition of claim 3, wherein the cellulosic polymer is cellulose acetate butyrate.

5. The composition of claim 3, wherein the cellulosic polymer is cellulose acetate propionate.

6. The composition of claim 3, wherein the cellulose ester composition comprises a mixture of cellulose acetate butyrate and cellulose acetate propionate.

7. The composition of claim 2, wherein the acrylate-based polymer or copolymer is selected from polymers and copolymers of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, or ethyl methacrylate.

8. The composition of claim 7, wherein the water-swellable polymer is a copolymer of methacrylic acid and methyl methacrylate.

9. The composition of claim 8, wherein the copolymer has a ratio of free carboxyl groups to ester groups in the range of about 1:

1 to 1;

2.

10. The composition of claim 1, wherein the hydrophilic polymer is selected from the group consisting of poly(N-vinyl lactams), poly(N-vinyl amides), poly(N-alkylacrylamides), polyacrylic acids, polymethacrylic acids, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylamine, and copolymers and blends thereof.

11. The composition of claim 10, wherein the hydrophilic polymer is selected from the group consisting of poly(N-vinyl lactams), poly(N-vinyl amides), poly(N-alkylacrylamides), and copolymers and blends thereof.

12. The composition of claim 11, wherein the hydrophilic polymer is a poly(N-vinyl lactam).

13. The composition of claim 11, wherein the hydrophilic polymer is a poly(N-vinyl lactam) homopolymer.

14. The composition of claim 10, wherein the poly(N-vinyl lactam) is selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyvinyl caprolactam, and blends thereof.

15. The composition of claim 14, wherein the poly(N-vinyl lactam) is polyvinyl pyrrolidone.

16. The composition of claim 14, wherein the poly(N-vinyl lactam) is polyvinyl caprolactam.

17. The composition of claim 10, wherein the hydrophilic polymer has a number average molecular weight in the range of approximately 100,000 to 2,000,000.

18. The composition of claim 10, wherein the hydrophilic polymer has a number average molecular weight in the range of approximately 500,000 to 1,500,000.

19. The composition of claim 1, wherein the complementary oligomer has a molecular weight in the range of about 45 to 800.

20. The composition of claim 19, wherein the complementary oligomer has a molecular weight in the range of about 45 to 600.

21. The composition of claim 19, wherein the complementary oligomer is selected from the group consisting of polyalcohols, monomeric and oligomeric alkylene glycols, polyalkylene glycols, carboxyl-terminated polyalkylene glycols, amino-terminated polyalkylene glycols, ether alcohols, alkane diols and carbonic diacids.

22. The composition of claim 21, wherein the complementary oligomer is selected from the group consisting of polyalkylene glycols and carboxyl-terminated polyalkylene glycols.

23. The composition of claim 22, wherein the complementary oligomer is selected from the group consisting of polyethylene glycol and carboxyl-terminated polyethylene glycol.

24. The composition of claim 22, wherein the complementary oligomer is polyethylene glycol.

25. The composition of claim 1, wherein the whitening agent is selected from the group consisting of peroxides, metal chlorites, perborates, percarbonates, peroxyacids, and combinations thereof.

26. The composition of claim 25, wherein the whitening agent is a peroxide selected from the group consisting of hydrogen peroxide, calcium peroxide, carbamide peroxide, and mixtures thereof.

27. The composition of claim 25, wherein the peroxide is an organic peroxide.

28. The composition of claim 27, wherein the organic peroxide is selected from the group consisting of dialkyl peroxides, diacyl peroxides, peresters, perdicarbonates, ketone peroxides, and hydroperoxides.

29. The composition of claim 28, wherein the dialkyl peroxide is t-butyl peroxide or 2,2 bis(t-butylperoxy)propane.

30. The composition of claim 28, wherein the diacyl peroxide is benzoyl peroxide or acetyl peroxide.

31. The composition of claim 28, wherein the perester is t-butyl perbenzoate or t-butyl per-2-ethylhexanoate.

32. The composition of claim 28, wherein the perdicarbonate is dicetyl peroxy dicarbonate or dicyclohexyl peroxy dicarbonate.

33. The composition of claim 28, wherein the ketone peroxide is cyclohexanone peroxide or methylethylketone peroxide.

34. The composition of claim 28, wherein the hydroperoxide is cumene hydroperoxide or tert-butyl hydroperoxide.

35. The composition of claim 25, wherein the whitening agent is a metal chlorite selected from the group consisting of calcium chlorite, barium chlorite, magnesium chlorite, lithium chlorite, sodium chlorite, potassium chlorite, hypochlorite, and chlorine dioxide.

36. The composition of claim 1, further comprising a flavorant.

37. The composition of claim 36, wherein the flavorant is selected from the group consisting of wintergreen, peppermint, spearmint, menthol, fruit flavors, vanilla, cinnamon, spices, flavor oils and oleoresins, and combinations thereof.

38. The composition of claim 1, further comprising a sweetener selected from the group consisting of sucrose, fructose, aspartame, xylitol and saccharine.

39. The composition of claim 1, further comprising at least one additive selected from the group consisting of fillers, preservatives, pH regulators, softeners, thickeners, colorants, pigments, dyes, refractive particles, flavorants, sweeteners, stabilizers, toughening agents, detackifiers, and permeation enhancers.

40. The composition of claim 1, wherein the relative quantities of the water-swellable, water-insoluble polymer, the hydrophilic polymer, and the complementary oligomer are selected so as to render the composition translucent.

41. The composition of claim 1 wherein the composition is solid.

42. The composition of claim 41, which comprises about 0.1-60 wt % of whitening agent.

43. The composition of claim 41, which comprises about 1-20 wt % of water-swellable water-insoluble polymer.

44. The composition of claim 41, which comprises about 20-80 wt % of a hydrophilic polymer.

45. The composition of claim 41, which comprises about 10-50 wt % of a complementary oligomer

46. The composition of claim 41, which further comprises and absorbent filler.

47. The composition of claim 41, wherein the composition is a pressure sensitive adhesive and absorbs water.

48. The composition of claim 1 wherein the composition is a liquid or a gel.

49. The composition of claim 48, which comprises about 0.1-60 wt % of whitening agent.

50. The composition of claim 48, which comprises about 0.1-20 wt % of water-swellable water-insoluble polymer.

51. The composition of claim 48, which comprises about 1-20 wt % of a hydrophilic polymer.

52. The composition of claim 48, which comprises about 0. 1-20 wt % of a complementary oligomer.

53. A method for whitening teeth comprising:

applying the composition of claim 1 to the teeth in need of whitening; and

removing the composition when the desired degree of whitening has been achieved.

54. The method of claim 53, wherein the composition is moistened prior to being applied to the teeth.

55. The method of claim 53, wherein the composition includes a release liner, and the release liner is removed prior to application of the composition to the teeth.

56. The method of claim 53, wherein the desired degree of whitening is achieved after a predetermined period of time.

57. The method of claim 56, wherein the predetermined period of time is from about 10 minutes to about 24 hours.

58. The method of claim 57, wherein the predetermined period of time is from about 10 minutes to about 8 hours.

59. The method of claim 58, wherein the predetermined period of time is about 30 minutes to 1 hour.

60. The method of claim 53, wherein the composition can be worn for an extended period of time.

61. The method of claim 53, wherein the composition is applied as a liquid or a gel.