Transmit pre-correction in a wireless communication system

• US 20030153322A1
• Filed: 10/15/2002
• Published: 08/14/2003
• Est. Priority Date: 02/08/2002
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Qualcomm, Inc.
• Original Assignee: Qualcomm, Inc.
• Inventors: Burke, Joseph P., Simon, Harris S., Rao, Bhaskar D., Wengler, Michael J.
• Granted Patent: US 7,155,231 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 455/450
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 1/712 Weighting of fingers for combining, e.g. amplitude control or phase rotation using an inner loop
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 2201/709709 Methods of preventing interference
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 7/0617 for beam forming
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 7/0669 using different channel coding between antennas space-time coding H04L1/0618

Abstract

Techniques for pre-correction of transmit signals are disclosed. In one aspect, a transmit antenna array configurable to generate multiple transmit beams is deployed. The parameters for configuring the antenna array are computed in response to channel estimates and a noise floor estimate made at the receiver. Information is transmitted in accordance with the multiple transmit beams, delayed as necessary, such that the multipaths may arrive time-aligned an in-phase at the receiver. In another aspect, pre-RAKE pre-correction is deployed by calculating Wiener weights. In yet another aspect, space-time diversity is deployed for calculating tap values for FIR filters used in transmission on the transmit antenna array. In yet another aspect, space only pre-correction is deployed. Various other aspects are also disclosed. These aspects have the benefit of reducing the interference experienced at a receiver, resulting in increased capacity, increased data throughput, and other system benefits.

Claims

1. An apparatus, operable with a plurality of antennas, each antenna for transmitting one of a plurality of conditioned signals, each of the conditioned signals generated by conditioning an information signal in accordance with one of a plurality of parameter sets, the apparatus comprising:

a pre-correction processor for generating the plurality of parameter sets in response to a plurality of channel estimates and a noise floor estimate.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the channel estimates comprise amplitude and phase estimates of a plurality of paths for each antenna.

3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the channel estimates further comprise delay estimates of each path.

4. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a message decoder for decoding a message received in response to the transmitted signals, the message comprising the plurality of channel estimates and the noise floor estimate.

5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the plurality of parameter sets comprises a plurality of weighting factors, each weighting factor corresponding to one of a plurality of antenna/path pairs, where each antenna/path pair is associated with one of the plurality of antennas and one of a plurality of transmitted paths.

6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the weighting factors are Weiner weights computed in response to the channel estimates and the noise floor estimate.

7. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the weighting factors are Maximal Ratio Combining weights computed in response to the channel estimates and the noise floor estimate.

8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the plurality of parameter sets comprises a plurality of delay values, each delay value associated with one of a plurality of transmitted paths.

9. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the plurality of parameter sets further comprises a plurality of delay values, each delay value associated with one of the plurality of transmitted paths.

10. The apparatus of claim 9, further comprising:

a plurality of delay elements, each delay element for delaying the information signal in response to one of the plurality of delay values to produce a plurality of path signals;

a plurality of multipliers, each multiplier for weighting one of the plurality of path signals in response to one of the plurality of weighting factors, to produce a plurality of weighted path signals for each of the plurality of antennas; and

a plurality of summers, each summer for summing the plurality of weighted path signals corresponding to one of the plurality of antennas to produce one of the plurality of conditioned signals.

11. The apparatus of claim 10, further comprising:

a plurality of pilot generators for producing a plurality of per-antenna pilots from a common pilot; and

a selector for selecting between the plurality of per-antenna pilots and the plurality of conditioned signals, for transmission, respectively, on each of the plurality of antennas.

12. The apparatus of claim 9, further comprising:

a plurality of pilot generators for producing a plurality of per-antenna/per-path pilots from a common pilot;

a first plurality of summers, each first summer for summing one of the per-antenna/per-path pilots with the information signal to produce one of a plurality of per-antenna/per-path signals;

a plurality of multipliers, each multiplier for weighting one of the per-antenna/per-path signals in response to one of the plurality of weighting factors, to produce a plurality of weighted per-antenna/per-path signals;

a plurality of delay elements, each delay element for delaying one of the weighted per-antenna/per-path signals in response to one of the plurality of delay values to produce a plurality of delayed per-antenna/per-path signals;

a second plurality of summers, each second summer for summing the plurality of delayed per-antenna/per-path signals corresponding to one of the plurality of antennas to produce one of the plurality of conditioned signals.

13. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the plurality of parameter sets comprises a plurality of weighting factors, each weighting factor corresponding to one of the plurality of antennas.

14. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the weighting factors are Weiner weights computed in response to the channel estimates and the noise floor estimate.

15. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the weighting factors are Maximal Ratio Combining weights computed in response to the channel estimates and the noise floor estimate.

16. The apparatus of claim 13, further comprising:

a plurality of multipliers, each multiplier for weighting the information signal in response to one of the plurality of weighting factors, to produce one of the plurality of conditioned signals.

17. The apparatus of claim 16, further comprising:

a plurality of pilot generators for producing a plurality of per-antenna pilots from a common pilot; and

a selector for selecting between the plurality of per-antenna pilots and the plurality of conditioned signals, for transmission, respectively, on each of the plurality of antennas.

18. The apparatus of claim 13, further comprising:

a plurality of pilot generators for producing a plurality of per-antenna pilots from a common pilot;

a plurality of summers, each summer for summing one of the per-antenna pilots with the information signal to produce one of a plurality of per-antenna signals;

a plurality of multipliers, each multiplier for weighting one of the per-antenna signals in response to one of the plurality of weighting factors, to produce one of the plurality of conditioned signals.

19. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the plurality of parameter sets comprises tap values for a plurality of Finite Impulse Response (FIR) filters.

20. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein the tap values are space time pre-correction values computed in response to the channel estimates and the noise floor estimate.

21. The apparatus of claim 19, further comprising a plurality of FIR filters for filtering the information signal in response to the plurality of tap values, the output of each FIR filter producing one of the plurality of conditioned signals.

22. The apparatus of claim 21, further comprising:

a plurality of pilot generators for producing a plurality of per-antenna pilots from a common pilot; and

a selector for selecting between the plurality of per-antenna pilots and the plurality of conditioned signals, for transmission, respectively, on each of the plurality of antennas.

23. An apparatus, operable with a plurality of antennas, each antenna for transmitting one of a plurality of conditioned signals, each of the conditioned signals generated by conditioning an information signal in accordance with one of a plurality of parameter sets, the apparatus comprising:

a message decoder for decoding a message received in response to the transmitted signals, the message comprising the plurality of parameter sets.

24. An apparatus, operable with a received signal, the received signal comprising a plurality of signal paths transmitted from a plurality of antennas, the apparatus comprising:

a channel estimate processor for generating a plurality of channel estimates corresponding to the plurality of signal paths and the plurality of antennas; and

a noise floor estimator for generating a noise floor estimate.

25. The apparatus of claim 24, wherein the channel estimates comprise amplitude and phase estimates of each path for each antenna.

26. The apparatus of claim 25, wherein the channel estimates further comprise delay estimates of each path.

27. The apparatus of claim 24, further comprising a message generator for generating messages for transmission in response to the received signal, the messages comprising the plurality of channel estimates and the noise floor estimate.

28. The apparatus of claim 24, further comprising a pre-correction processor for generating a plurality of parameter sets in response to the plurality of channel estimates and the noise floor estimate.

29. The apparatus of claim 28, further comprising a message generator for generating messages for transmission in response to the received signal, the messages comprising the plurality of parameter sets.

30. A wireless communication device, operable with a plurality of antennas, each antenna for transmitting one of a plurality of conditioned signals, each of the conditioned signals generated by conditioning an information signal in accordance with one of a plurality of parameter sets, the wireless communication device comprising:

a pre-correction processor for generating the plurality of parameter sets in response to a plurality of channel estimates and a noise floor estimate.

31. A wireless communication device, operable with a received signal, the received signal comprising a plurality of signal paths transmitted from a plurality of antennas, the wireless communication device comprising:

a channel estimate processor for generating a plurality of channel estimates corresponding to the plurality of signal paths and the plurality of antennas; and

a noise floor estimator for generating a noise floor estimate.

32. A wireless communication system, including a wireless communication device, operable with a plurality of antennas, each antenna for transmitting one of a plurality of conditioned signals, each of the conditioned signals generated by conditioning an information signal in accordance with one of a plurality of parameter sets, the wireless communication device comprising:

a pre-correction processor for generating the plurality of parameter sets in response to a plurality of channel estimates and a noise floor estimate.

33. A wireless communication system, including a wireless communication device, operable with a received signal, the received signal comprising a plurality of signal paths transmitted from a plurality of antennas, the wireless communication device comprising:

a channel estimate processor for generating a plurality of channel estimates corresponding to the plurality of signal paths and the plurality of antennas; and

a noise floor estimator for generating a noise floor estimate.

34. A wireless communication system, operable with a plurality of antennas, each antenna for transmitting one of a plurality of conditioned signals, each of the conditioned signals generated by conditioning an information signal in accordance with one of a plurality of parameter sets, and operable with a received signal, the received signal comprising a plurality of signal paths transmitted from the plurality of antennas, the wireless communication system comprising:

a channel estimate processor for generating a plurality of channel estimates corresponding to the plurality of signal paths and the plurality of antennas;

a noise floor estimator for generating a noise floor estimate; and

a pre-correction processor for generating the plurality of parameter sets in response to the plurality of channel estimates and the noise floor estimate.

35. A method of transmit pre-correction comprising:

receiving a noise floor and channel estimates;

computing beam forming parameters in response to the noise floor and channel estimates;

conditioning data in response to the beam forming parameters; and

transmitting the conditioned data using a plurality of antennas.

36. The method of claim 35, further comprising transmitting a plurality of pilot signals using the plurality of antennas.

37. The method of claim 36, further comprising conditioning the plurality of pilot signals in response to the beam forming parameters prior to transmitting the plurality of pilot signals using the plurality of antennas.

38. The method of claim 35, wherein the beam forming parameters comprise Weiner weights computed in response to the channel estimates and the noise floor estimate.

39. The method of claim 35, wherein the beam forming parameters comprise Maximal Ratio Combining weights computed in response to the channel estimates and the noise floor estimate.

40. The method of claim 35, wherein the beam forming parameters comprise FIR tap values computed in response to the channel estimates and the noise floor estimate.

41. The method of claim 35 wherein the beam forming parameters comprise a plurality of per-path delays and per-antenna/per-path weighting factors and the conditioning comprises:

covering a pilot signal with a plurality of per-antenna/per-path codes;

covering a data signal with a data code;

combining each of the plurality of covered pilot signals with the covered data signal to produce a plurality of per-antenna/per-path signals;

delaying each per-antenna/per-path signal according to the respective per-path delay; and

weighting the plurality of delayed per-antenna/per-path signals in response to the per-antenna/per-path weighting factors to produce the conditioned signals.

42. The method of claim 35 wherein the beam forming parameters comprise a plurality of per-path delays and per-antenna/per-path weighting factors and the conditioning comprises:

delaying the data according to the plurality of per-path delays to produce a plurality of delayed data signals; and

weighting the plurality of delayed data signals in response to the per-antenna/per-path weighting factors to produce the conditioned signals.

43. The method of claim 42 further comprising:

covering a pilot signal with a plurality of per-antenna codes to produce per-antenna pilots;

multiplexing the respective conditioned signals with the per-antenna codes prior to transmission on the plurality of antennas.

44. A method of transmit pre-correction comprising:

receiving a noise floor and channel estimates;

computing beam forming parameters in response to the noise floor and channel estimates;

selecting a set of best beam parameters from the beam forming parameters;

conditioning data in response to the best beam forming parameters; and

transmitting the conditioned data using a plurality of antennas.

45. The method of claim 44, further comprising normalizing the best beam parameters according to the available transmit power.

46. The method of claim 44, wherein the beam forming parameters comprise Weiner weights computed in response to the channel estimates and the noise floor estimate.

47. The method of claim 44, wherein the beam forming parameters comprise Maximal Ratio Combining weights computed in response to the channel estimates and the noise floor estimate.

48. The method of claim 44, wherein the beam forming parameters comprise FIR tap values computed in response to the channel estimates and the noise floor estimate.

49. A method of receiving pre-corrected signals comprising:

detecting a plurality of paths;

estimating a plurality of per-antenna channel components for each of the plurality of paths;

estimating a noise floor; and

transmitting the plurality of per-antenna channel estimates for each of the plurality of paths and the noise floor estimate in response to the received signals.

50. The method of claim 49, further comprising demodulating received data in response to the detected plurality of paths.

51. An apparatus, comprising:

means for receiving a noise floor and channel estimates;

means for computing beam forming parameters in response to the noise floor and channel estimates;

means for conditioning data in response to the beam forming parameters; and

means for transmitting the conditioned data using a plurality of antennas.

52. The apparatus of claim 51, further comprising means for transmitting a plurality of pilot signals using the plurality of antennas.

53. An apparatus, comprising:

means for receiving a noise floor and channel estimates;

means for computing beam forming parameters in response to the noise and channel estimates;

means for selecting a set of best beam parameters from the beam forming parameters;

means for conditioning data in response to the best beam forming parameters; and

means for transmitting the conditioned data using a plurality of antennas.

54. The apparatus of claim 53, further comprising means for normalizing the best beam parameters according to the available transmit power.

55. An apparatus comprising:

means for detecting a plurality of paths;

means for estimating a plurality of per-antenna channel components for each of the plurality of paths;

means for estimating a noise floor; and

means for transmitting the plurality of per-antenna channel estimates for each of the plurality of paths and the noise floor estimate in response to the received signals.

56. The apparatus of claim 55, further comprising means for demodulating received data in response to the detected plurality of paths.

57. A wireless communication system comprising:

means for receiving a noise floor and channel estimates;

means for computing beam forming parameters in response to the noise floor and channel estimates;

means for conditioning data in response to the beam forming parameters; and

means for transmitting the conditioned data using a plurality of antennas.

58. A wireless communication system comprising:

means for receiving a noise floor and channel estimates;

means for computing beam forming parameters in response to the noise floor and channel estimates;

means for selecting a set of best beam parameters from the beam forming parameters;

means for conditioning data in response to the best beam forming parameters; and

means for transmitting the conditioned data using a plurality of antennas.

59. A wireless communication system comprising:

means for detecting a plurality of paths;

means for estimating a plurality of per-antenna channel components for each of the plurality of paths;

means for estimating a noise floor; and

means for transmitting the plurality of per-antenna channel estimates for each of the plurality of paths and the noise floor estimate in response to the received signals.

60. Processor readable media operable to perform the following steps:

receiving a noise floor and channel estimates;

computing beam forming parameters in response to the noise floor and channel estimates;

conditioning data in response to the beam forming parameters; and

transmitting the conditioned data using a plurality of antennas.

61. Processor readable media operable to perform the following steps:

receiving a noise floor and channel estimates;

computing beam forming parameters in response to the noise floor and channel estimates;

selecting a set of best beam parameters from the beam forming parameters;

conditioning data in response to the best beam forming parameters; and

transmitting the conditioned data using a plurality of antennas.

62. Processor readable media operable to perform the following steps:

detecting a plurality of paths;

estimating a plurality of per-antenna channel components for each of the plurality of paths;

estimating a noise floor; and

transmitting the plurality of per-antenna channel estimates for each of the plurality of paths and the noise floor estimate in response to the received signals.