Method and system for a thermodynamic process for producing usable energy

• US 20030154718A1
• Filed: 09/20/2002
• Published: 08/21/2003
• Est. Priority Date: 04/02/1997
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Electric Power Research Institute
• Original Assignee: Electric Power Research Institute
• Inventors: Nayar, Ramesh C.
• Granted Patent: US 6,694,740 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 60/649
• CPC Class Codes: F01K 25/065 with an absorption fluid remaining at least partly in the liquid state, e.g. water for ammonia F01K5/00 takes precedence

Abstract

The present invention comprises, in one embodiment, a process for producing energy through a thermodynamic cycle comprising transforming a first working fluid having at least two components into usable energy and a first exhaust stream; diverting at least a portion of the first exhaust stream to form a diverted first exhaust stream; transferring heat from the diverted first exhaust stream to the first working fluid, thereby partially condensing the diverted first exhaust stream to form a partially condensed diverted first exhaust stream; separating the partially condensed diverted first exhaust stream into a vapor stream and a liquid stream; and transforming the vapor stream into usable energy. The present invention also comprises a system for producing energy through novel implementation of a thermodynamic cycle.

Claims

1. A process for producing energy through a thermodynamic cycle comprising:

transforming a first working fluid having at least two components into usable energy and a first exhaust stream;

diverting at least a portion of the first exhaust stream to form a diverted first exhaust stream;

transferring heat from the diverted first exhaust stream to the first working fluid, thereby partially condensing the diverted first exhaust stream to form a partially condensed diverted first exhaust stream;

separating the partially condensed diverted first exhaust stream into a vapor stream and a liquid stream; and

transforming the vapor stream into usable energy.

2. The process of claim 1, further comprising combining the vapor stream with the first exhaust stream to form a second working fluid and wherein the transforming of the vapor stream into usable energy comprises transforming the second working fluid into usable energy.

3. The process of claim 2, wherein the first and second working fluids each comprise mixtures of water and ammonia.

4. The process of claim 2, wherein the transforming the first working fluid comprises expanding the first working fluid in a first turbine and the transforming of the second working fluid comprises expanding the second working fluid in a second turbine.

5. The process of claim 2, wherein the transforming of the second working fluid into usable energy comprises transforming the second working fluid into usable energy and a second exhaust stream;

and further comprising;

diverting at least a portion of the second exhaust stream to form a diverted second exhaust stream;

combining the diverted second exhaust stream with the liquid stream to form a combined stream; and

transferring heat from the combined stream to the first working fluid prior to the transforming the first working fluid into usable energy.

6. The process of claim 5, wherein the transferring heat from the combined stream to the first working fluid comprises partially condensing the combined stream to form a partially condensed combined stream;

separating the partially condensed combined stream into a second vapor stream and a second liquid stream; and

transforming the second vapor stream into usable energy.

7. The process of claim 1, wherein the combining the vapor stream with the first exhaust stream is facilitated by a device selected from the group consisting of an eductor, a valve arrangement, and combination thereof.

8. The process of claim 1, further comprising transferring heat from the diverted first exhaust stream to the vapor stream before the combining of the vapor stream with the first exhaust stream.

9. The process of claim 1, further comprising returning the liquid stream to the first working fluid.

10. The process of claim 1, wherein the transforming the first working fluid comprises:

transferring heat to the first working fluid from a heat source; and

expanding the first working fluid in a turbine, thereby producing the usable energy and the first exhaust stream.

11. The process of claim 10, wherein the heat source is selected from the group consisting of a fossil fuel, a renewable fuel, a nuclear fuel, geothermal energy, solar energy, and combinations thereof.

12. The process of claim 10, wherein the transferring heat to the first working fluid comprises transferring heat from a heat-providing thermodynamic cycle.

13. The process of claim 12, wherein the heat-providing thermodynamic cycle comprises:

transforming a first heat-providing working fluid into usable energy and a first heat-providing exhaust stream;

diverting at least a portion of the first heat-providing exhaust stream to form a diverted first heat-providing exhaust stream; and

transferring heat from the diverted first heat-providing exhaust stream to the first working fluid.

14. The process of claim 13, wherein the first heat-providing working fluid comprises a mixture of water and steam.

15. The process of claim 13, wherein the transferring heat from the diverted first heat-providing exhaust stream to the first working fluid comprises evaporating at least a portion of the first working fluid.

16. The process of claim 13, wherein the transferring heat from the diverted first heat-providing exhaust stream to the first working fluid comprises superheating the first working fluid.

17. The process of claim 13, wherein the transferring heat from the diverted first exhaust stream to the first working fluid comprises at least partially vaporizing the first working fluid to form a vaporous first working fluid and wherein the transferring heat from a heat-providing thermodynamic cycle comprises superheating the vaporous first working fluid.

18. The process of claim 1, further comprising separating at least a portion of any moisture from the first exhaust stream before the diverting of at least a portion of the first exhaust stream.

19. The process of claim 1, wherein the at least a portion of the first exhaust stream comprises the entire first exhaust stream.

20. The process of claim 19, wherein the transforming of the vapor stream into usable energy comprises transforming the vapor stream into usable energy and a second exhaust stream;

and further comprising;

diverting at least a portion of the second exhaust stream to form a diverted second exhaust stream; and

transferring heat from the diverted second exhaust stream and the liquid stream to the first working fluid.

21. The process of claim 20, wherein the transferring heat from the combined stream to the first working fluid comprises at least partially condensing the combined stream to form a partially condensed combined stream;

separating the partially condensed combined stream into a second vapor stream and a second liquid stream; and

transforming the second vapor stream into usable energy.

22. The process of claim 19, further comprising transferring heat from the diverted first exhaust stream to the vapor stream before the combining of the vapor stream with the first exhaust stream.

23. The process of claim 19, further comprising returning the liquid stream to the first working fluid.

24. The process of claim 19, wherein the transforming the first working fluid comprises:

transferring heat to the first working fluid from a heat source; and

expanding the first working fluid in a turbine, thereby producing the usable energy and the first exhaust stream.

25. The process of claim 24, wherein the heat source is selected from the group consisting a fossil fuel, a renewable fuel, a nuclear fuel, geothermal energy, solar energy, and combinations thereof.

26. The process of claim 24, wherein the transferring heat to the first working fluid comprises transferring heat from a heat-providing thermodynamic cycle.

27. The process of claim 26, wherein the heat-providing thermodynamic cycle comprises:

transforming a first heat-providing working fluid into usable energy and a first heat-providing exhaust stream;

diverting at least a portion of the first heat-providing exhaust stream to form a diverted first heat-providing exhaust stream; and

transferring heat from the diverted first heat-providing exhaust stream to the first working fluid.

28. The process of claim 27, wherein the first heat-providing working fluid comprises a mixture of water and steam.

29. The process of claim 27, wherein the transferring heat from the diverted first heat-providing exhaust stream to the first working fluid comprises evaporating at least a portion of the first working fluid.

30. The process of claim 27, wherein the transferring heat from the diverted first heat-providing exhaust stream to the first working fluid comprises superheating the first working fluid.

31. The process of claim 27, wherein the transferring heat from the diverted first exhaust stream to the first working fluid comprises at least partially vaporizing the first working fluid to form a vaporous first working fluid and wherein the transferring heat from a heat-providing thermodynamic cycle comprises superheating the vaporous first working fluid.

32. The process of claim 19, further comprising separating at least a portion of any moisture from the first exhaust stream before the diverting of at least a portion of the first exhaust stream.