Method for diagnosing heart disease, predicting sudden death, and analyzing treatment response using multifractial analysis
First Claim
1. A method of predicting a patient'"'"'s risk of sudden death from cardiac disease, comprising the steps of:
- (a) collecting electrocardiogram data;
(b) smoothing the data by applying a wavelet transform filter to the data; and
(c) applying wavelet-based multifractal analysis to the data.
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Abstract
A method of analyzing electrocardiogram (EKG) data for use in the diagnosis of heart disease, prognosis of cardiac conditions, and the monitoring of heart disease therapies is disclosed. The method utilizes a wavelet-based multifractal analysis with one or more of (1) a discrete wavelet smoothing step to remove the effects of abnormal beats; (2) “Levy flight” analysis to detect the frequency of abnormal beats known to adversely affect the multifractal (MF) analysis; and (3) MF alpha analysis, a multifractal extension of monofractal short term (ST) alpha analysis. The invention further comprises an EKG test battery comprising Levy flight anomalous beat/beat cluster screening, followed by (ST) MF alpha analysis and MF Holder analysis (when validated by the Levy flight analysis). The wavelet smoothing step can also be used to classify human EKGs by observing the effect of sequential smoothing on the MF Holder coefficient. Alternative choices to the wavelet smoothing approach to removal of abnormal beat effects include probability distribution function analysis to determine the MF Holder coefficient directly, abnormal beat ridge skeleton removal to remove the offending beats based on a direct multifractal spectrum calculation, and the calculation of various types of entropy coefficients for the EKG time series.
135 Citations
96 Claims
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1. A method of predicting a patient'"'"'s risk of sudden death from cardiac disease, comprising the steps of:
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(a) collecting electrocardiogram data;
(b) smoothing the data by applying a wavelet transform filter to the data; and
(c) applying wavelet-based multifractal analysis to the data. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13)
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14. A method of determining the severity of cardiac disease, comprising the steps of:
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(a) collecting electrocardiogram data;
(b) performing a probability distribution on the data; and
(c) applying wavelet-based multifractal analysis to the data. - View Dependent Claims (15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26)
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27. A method of diagnosing cardiac disease in a patient, comprising the steps of:
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(a) collecting electrocardiogram data;
(b) smoothing the data by applying a wavelet transform filter to the data; and
(c) applying wavelet-based multifractal analysis to the data. - View Dependent Claims (28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39)
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40. A method of diagnosing cardiac disease in a patient, comprising the steps of:
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(a) collecting electrocardiogram data;
(b) performing a probability distribution on the data; and
(c) applying wavelet-based multifractal analysis to the data. - View Dependent Claims (41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52)
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53. A method of evaluating a treatment regimen for heart disease, comprising the steps of:
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(a) collecting electrocardiogram data;
(b) smoothing the data by applying a wavelet transform filter to the data; and
(c) applying wavelet-based multifractal analysis to the data. - View Dependent Claims (54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63)
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- 64. The method of claim 64, wherein said step of quantifying the multifractality of the data includes the step of generating a quadratic coefficient, wherein the value of said quadratic coefficient is indicative of the degree of multifractality of the data.
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66. A method of evaluating a treatment regimen for heart disease, comprising the steps of:
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(a) collecting electrocardiogram data;
(b) performing a probability distribution on the data; and
(c) applying wavelet-based multifractal analysis to the data. - View Dependent Claims (67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78)
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79. A method for determining one of whether a patient has heart disease, a patient'"'"'s risk of sudden death from a cardiac event, and the efficacy of a cardiac disease therapy, comprising the steps of:
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(a) collecting EKG time series data for the patient;
(b) perform a cluster analysis on the data; and
(c) performing a multifractal alpha analysis on the data. - View Dependent Claims (80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93)
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94. A method for determining one of whether a patient has heart disease, a patient'"'"'s risk of sudden death from a cardiac event, and the efficacy of a cardiac disease therapy, comprising the steps of:
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(a) collecting EKG time series data for the patient;
(b) performing a direct multifractal spectrum calculation from the EKG time series data; and
(c) calculating one of a multifractal Holder analysis and a multifractal alpha analysis from the results of the step of performing a direct multifractal spectrum calculation. - View Dependent Claims (96)
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95. A method for determining one of whether a patient has heart disease, a patient'"'"'s risk of sudden death from a cardiac event, and the efficacy of a cardiac disease therapy, comprising the steps of:
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(a) collecting EKG time series data for the patient; and
(b) calculating one of Shannon entropy, Pesin metric and topological entropies, Kolmolgorov-Sinai entropy, approximate entropy, Lyapunov exponents, and a Tsallis entropic scaling coefficient from the EKG time series data.
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Specification