In-situ surfactant and chemical oxidant flushing for complete remediation of contaminants and methods of using same
First Claim
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1. A method for substantially removing subsurface contaminants, comprising the steps of:
- introducing an effective amount of at least one preselected surfactant solution; and
introducing an effective amount of at least one preselected chemical oxidant, wherein the effective amount of the at least one preselected surfactant in combination with the effective amount of the at least one preselected chemical oxidant are capable of substantially removing subsurface contaminants.
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Abstract
The present invention relates to removal of subsurface contaminants and methods of same. In more particular, but not by way of limitation, the present invention relates to an integrated method for remediating subsurface contaminants through the use of a low concentration surfactant solution (and methods of making and using novel surfactant solutions) followed by an abiotic polishing process to thereafter achieve a substantially reduced subsurface contaminant concentration that surfactant flushing alone cannot achieve.
31 Citations
47 Claims
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1. A method for substantially removing subsurface contaminants, comprising the steps of:
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introducing an effective amount of at least one preselected surfactant solution; and
introducing an effective amount of at least one preselected chemical oxidant, wherein the effective amount of the at least one preselected surfactant in combination with the effective amount of the at least one preselected chemical oxidant are capable of substantially removing subsurface contaminants. - View Dependent Claims (2, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19)
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3. A method for substantially expediting subsurface remediation of contaminants comprising the steps of:
introducing at least one surfactant capable of remediating at least one subsurface contaminant and sequentially introducing at least one preselected chemical oxidant. - View Dependent Claims (4, 5, 6)
- 20. An abiotic process for polishing at least one surfactant remediated subsurface contaminant in order to further remediate at least one subsurface contaminant to substantially undetectable levels, comprising the step of introducing an effective amount of at least one preselected chemical oxidant capable of degrading the remaining at least one of subsurface contaminant to substantially undetectable levels.
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26. A method for substantially removing subsurface contaminants, comprising the steps of:
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introducing an effective amount of at least one preselected surfactant solution, including the steps of;
determining the contaminant solubilization of the surfactant system, determining the surfactant sorption and precipitation of the surfactant system determining the surfactant non-aqueous phase liquid behavior properties of the surfactant system to assess the potential for surfactant losses under subsurface conditions, and performing contaminant extraction-column studies to simulate flow through conditions in the aquifer;
introducing an effective amount of at least one preselected chemical oxidant, including the steps of;
determining relative reaction rates of the reactant, determining the life span of the reactant, evaluating the chemical demand associated with pH adjustment, and identifying geochemical characteristics of the site;
wherein the effective amount of the at least one preselected surfactant in combination with the effective amount of the at least one preselected chemical oxidant are capable of substantially removing subsurface contaminants. - View Dependent Claims (27)
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28. A method comprising the steps of determining chemical addition ratios and reaction times for a chemical oxidation system based on the following data:
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reaction kinetics;
pH conditions;
naturally occurring interference within the subsurface of the specific site; and
mobility control of the injected oxidant to the targeted area.
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29. A subsurface contaminant site substantially remediated by the process comprising the steps of:
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introducing an effective amount of at least one preselected surfactant solution; and
introducing an effective amount of at least one preselected chemical oxidant, wherein the effective amount of the at least one preselected surfactant in combination with the effective amount of the at least one preselected chemical oxidant are capable of substantially removing subsurface contaminants. - View Dependent Claims (30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43)
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44. A subsurface contaminant site substantially remediated by the process comprising the steps of:
introducing at least one surfactant capable of remediating at least one subsurface contaminant and sequentially introducing at least one preselected chemical oxidant. - View Dependent Claims (45, 46, 47)
Specification