Patent US 20030182022A1

First Claim

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12. . A method of operating an irrigation system comprising:

utilizing an irrigation controller to at least partially control a water application device;

providing a first communication system comprising a public packet switched network;

coupling the irrigation controller and a host computer using the first communication system;

coupling the irrigation controller and the user using a second communication system;

the user entering irrigation operating information into the irrigation controller using the second communication system; and

the irrigation controller causing at least a portion of the irrigation operating information to be transmitted to the host computer using the first communication system.

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Abstract

An interactive irrigation system exchanges information between an irrigation controller and a host computer, between the irrigation controller and a user, between the user and the host computer, and between the host computer and a third party. The information is preferably exchanged over an Internet communication system. The exchanged information includes the following: irrigation scheduling; quantity of water applied to the irrigated area at the user location, which is compared to ET values; warnings to users when potential problems with their irrigation systems are detected; and other irrigation information that is useful to the user or a third party.

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26 Claims

12. . A method of operating an irrigation system comprising:
- utilizing an irrigation controller to at least partially control a water application device;
  
  providing a first communication system comprising a public packet switched network;
  
  coupling the irrigation controller and a host computer using the first communication system;
  
  coupling the irrigation controller and the user using a second communication system;
  
  the user entering irrigation operating information into the irrigation controller using the second communication system; and
  
  the irrigation controller causing at least a portion of the irrigation operating information to be transmitted to the host computer using the first communication system.
- View Dependent Claims (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26)
- - 1. . An irrigation system comprising:
    - an irrigation controller that at least partially controls a water application device;
      
      a host computer;
      
      a first communication system that exchanges information between the irrigation controller and the host computer;
      
      a second communication system that exchanges information between the irrigation controller and a user;
      
      a third communication system that exchanges information between the user and the host computer;
      
      a fourth communication system that exchanges information between the host computer and a third party; and
      
      wherein each of the first communication system, the third communication system, and the fourth communication system comprise a public packet switched network.
  - 2. . The irrigation system of claim 1, wherein the exchange of information between each of the irrigation controller and the host computer, the irrigation controller and the user, the user and the host computer;
    - and the host computer and a third party, are bi-directional.
  - 3. . The irrigation system of claim 1, further comprising a microprocessor disposed in the irrigation controller that facilitates the exchange of information between the irrigation controller and the host computer.
  - 4. . The irrigation system of claim 1, further comprising a microprocessor disposed in a second unit separate from the irrigation controller, that facilitates the exchange of information between the irrigation controller and the host computer.
  - 5. . The irrigation system of claim 1, further comprising a storage device that stores data.
  - 6. . The irrigation system of claim 1, wherein the second communication system comprises a public, packet switched network.
  - 7. . The irrigation system of claim 1 wherein the first communication system comprises a two-way pager.
  - 8. . The irrigation system of claim 1 wherein the first communication system comprises a web page interface.
  - 9. . The irrigation system of claim 1, wherein the second communication system comprises a dedicated link between the irrigation controller and a personal computer.
  - 10. . The irrigation system of claim 1, wherein the water application device comprises a residential water application device.
  - 11. . The irrigation system of claim 1, wherein the water application device comprises an agricultural water application device.
  - 13. . The method of claim 12 wherein the step of entering the irrigation operating information comprises the user entering the irrigation operating information into a personal computer, and the personal computer transmitting the information to the irrigation controller via the second communication system.
  - 14. . The method of claim 12, further comprising:
    - providing the irrigation controller with a microprocessor programmed to receive additional information from the host computer via the first communication system; and
      
      the microprocessor determining an irrigation schedule based at least in part on the irrigation operating information from the user, and the additional information from the host computer.
  - 15. . The method of claim 14, further comprising:
    - providing the irrigation controller with local water usage data; and
      
      the microprocessor determining an irrigation schedule based at least in part on the water usage data.
  - 16. . The method of claim 15 wherein the step of determining an irrigation schedule further includes the microprocessor computing a desired quantity of water to be applied to an irrigated area for a specific period of time.
  - 17. . The method of claim 16 wherein the period of time is at least one day.
  - 18. . The method of claim 15 wherein the additional information from the host computer may include weather data, evapotranspiration (ET) values, crop coefficient values, and irrigation efficiency values.
  - 19. . The method of claim 15 further comprising the microprocessor disposed in the irrigation controller computing an ET value.
  - 20. . The method of claim 15, wherein the water usage data includes water pressure data.
  - 21. . The method of claim 15, further comprising coupling the user and the host computer using a third communication system.
  - 22. . The method of claim 15, further comprising coupling the host computer and a third party using a fourth communication system.
  - 23. . The method of claim 15 further comprising the microprocessor sending a warning to the user via the second communication system when an aspect of the irrigation system falls outside of predetermined parameters.
  - 24. . The method of claim 15 further comprising the microprocessor preventing an operation of the irrigation system when the irrigation system falls outside of the predetermined parameters.
  - 25. . The method of claim 15 wherein the information transmitted to the host computer comprises a calculated estimate of water actually applied at an irrigated area for a time period.
  - 26. . The method of claim 25 wherein the information transmitted to the host computer further includes a relationship between the calculated estimate of water actually applied at an irrigated area, for a time period, and a computed ET for the same irrigated area, for the same time period.

1 Specification

[0001] This application claims priority to U.S. patent application Ser. No. PCT/US00/22673 filed on Aug. 17, 2000.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

[0002] The field of the invention is irrigation systems.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[0003] In arid areas of the world water is becoming one of the most precious natural resources. Meeting future water needs in these arid areas will require aggressive conservation measures. This in turn requires irrigation systems that apply water to the irrigated area based on the water requirements of the plants. Many irrigation controllers have been developed for automatically controlling applications of water to irrigated areas. Known irrigation controllers range from simple devices that control watering times based upon fixed schedules, to sophisticated devices that vary the watering schedules according to local geographic and climatic conditions.

[0004] With respect to the simpler types of irrigation controllers, a homeowner typically sets a watering schedule that involves specific run times and days for each of a plurality of irrigated areas, and the controller executes the same schedule regardless of the season or weather conditions. From time to time the homeowner may manually adjust the watering schedule, but such adjustments are usually only made a few times during the year, and are based upon the homeowner'"'"'s perceptions rather than the actual watering needs of the plants. One change is often made in the late spring when a portion of the yard becomes brown due to a lack of water. Another change is often made in the late fall when the homeowner assumes that the vegetation does not require as much watering. These changes to the watering schedule are typically insufficient to achieve efficient watering.

[0005] More sophisticated irrigation controllers usually include some mechanism for automatically making adjustments to the irrigation run times to account for daily environmental variations. However, due to the complexity of these irrigation controllers, the homeowner, after the irrigation controller is initially installed, makes few if any changes to the irrigation controller settings and may not even check if the irrigation controller is operating properly unless the irrigated area plant material begins browning and/or dying.

[0006] Additionally, since these irrigation controllers automatically operate the irrigation system the homeowner makes no preparation for someone to check the system when they are absent from their residence for an extended period of time, such as on a vacation. The irrigation controller is just a machine and for any number of reasons the irrigation controller may not continue to operate correctly, such as if the electricity to the residence is temporarily turned off.

[0007] Because of user disinterest and/or lack of knowledge in the operation of present automatic irrigation systems, there exists a need for a cost-effective method to assist the irrigation user in the attaining of more efficient irrigation of the irrigated area and in the regular monitoring of the operation of the irrigation system.

[0008] There are irrigation systems that are entirely or partly controlled by a host computer that is located at a remote site from the irrigation controller. One such system disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,208,855, issued May 1993, to Marian, broadcasts potential evapotranspiration (ET) values for multiple geographic zones. Irrigation controllers receive and extract appropriate data for the local conditions, and then use the extracted data to calculate run times. However, there is no regular monitoring, other than by the operator, of whether the irrigation controllers actually utilized and modified the irrigation schedule based on the broadcast ET values. Another irrigation system described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,696,671, issued December 1997, and U.S. Pat. No. 5,870,302, issued February 1999, both to Oliver, uses a central computer to compute a watering factor that is sent to the irrigation site to modify the watering schedule at the site. The watering factor is partially based on information the central computer receives from the irrigation site. As with the above patent, so also with this patent, there is no monitoring of whether the irrigation controller is applying the information transmitted from the central computer in the irrigating of the irrigated area.

[0009] A large irrigation system described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,479,339, issued December 1995 to Miller, has management personnel remotely located from the irrigation site but operators located at the irrigation site. Information is transmitted from the irrigation site to management personnel so they can monitor the quantity of water that is applied at the irrigation site. But irrigation systems such as these are either too large or cost probative for use on residential sites and smaller commercial irrigated sites. In addition, none of the known irrigation systems communicate with the operator with respect to operating efficiency, and/or provide the operator with specific information on improving such efficiency.

[0010] Nevertheless, computers at remote locations are being used to control some types of devices. One such system described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,053,844, issued April 2000 to Clem, uses a computer at a remote site to directly control a fitness device via an Internet system. The user of the fitness device can also interact on-line with a fitness expert to engage in real time two-way communications.

[0011] What is still needed is application of remote control concepts to the field of irrigation. In particular, there is a need for systems and methods in which a remote host computer monitors the operation of the irrigation system, to assist an irrigation user in attaining more efficient irrigation of the irrigated area. What is especially needed are systems and methods in which the remote host computer communicates over the Internet (1) with an irrigation controller at the user'"'"'s site, (2) with the user, and (3) with a third party.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0012] In various aspects of the invention, an irrigation system exchanges information: first between an irrigation controller and a host computer; second, between the irrigation controller and a user; third, between the user and the host computer; and fourth, between the host computer and a third party.

[0013] In preferred embodiments at least one of the first, second, third, and fourth communication systems is carried by a public, packet switched network such as the Internet. More preferably more than one, or even all of the first, second, third, and fourth communication systems comprises such a network. In still other embodiments, the second communication system may advantageously comprise a direct, hard-wired link. Alternatively, it is contemplated that the communication systems may transfer information by telephone, radio waves, two-way pager, infra-red, light, sound, or any other suitable communication means. Preferably, exchange of information is bi-directional but may be unidirectional.

[0014] The water application devices may be residential, agricultural, horticultural, and so forth water application devices.

[0015] In especially preferred embodiments microprocessors are disposed in the irrigation controller and host computer and are programmed for transmitting information, receiving information, and at least partially controlling operation of the irrigation controller. Additionally, a microprocessor may be disposed in a second unit separate from the irrigation controller that facilitates the exchange of information between the irrigation controller and the host computer. Especially preferred embodiments also include in the controller a storage device, such as a nonvolatile memory, for the storing of data.

[0016] The information transmitted among two or more of the user, controller, host computer, and third party may advantageously include water usage data, weather data, ET data, crop coefficient values, irrigation efficiency values and so forth. ET values may be provided to the irrigation controller, or calculated or estimated by the microprocessor disposed in the irrigation controller. Alternatively, the microprocessor disposed in the host computer may calculate or estimate the ET value.

[0017] The microprocessor disposed in the controller may advantageously be programmed to detect problems with the irrigation system. This is preferably accomplished by setting one or more parameters within which the irrigation system should operate. If the operation of the irrigation system falls outside of the parameters, a warning may be sounded to the user, host computer, or third party. If potentially severe problems are detected one or more operations of the irrigation system may be shut down.

[0018] In yet another preferred aspect, the user may be able to obtain information, regarding the irrigation system, from the host computer. Such Information may include operating parameters such as irrigation run times, irrigation water flow data, irrigation water pressure data, and computed information such as computed ET, total water applied to the irrigated area during a specified time period, percent of ET actually applied, and educational information on water conservation. Similar information may be made available to a water district or other third party.

[0019] Various objects, features, aspects, and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of preferred embodiments of the invention, along with the accompanying drawings in which like numerals represent like components.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020]FIG. 1 is a listing of four communication systems described in the specification.

[0021]FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of an interactive irrigation system according to the present invention.

[0022]FIG. 3 is a schematic of an irrigation controller.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] As used herein, an “irrigation system” includes underground, solid set, linear move, center pivot, and all other types of irrigation systems. The term “irrigation controller” indicates a physical device that controls operation of one or more water application devices according to an irrigation schedule. “Water application devices” are physical devices that distribute water to irrigated areas. Typical water application devices are sprinklers, drippers, sprayers, and so forth. “Water application devices” can be residential water application devices, agricultural water application devices, horticultural application devices, and so forth. The term “host computer” is used herein to mean a computer that is connected to and provides the means for storage and communication of information to and from the irrigation controller, the user and a third party. The term “user” is taken to mean a natural person who has at least some interaction with the irrigation controller, and is situated locally to the controller during a relevant time period. The term “user” may include the owner of the irrigation system, the operator of the irrigation system and so forth. The term “third party” is used herein to mean a legal person other than the user. A third party need not be a physical person, and may well be a water district or other government agency. The third party will generally not be directly involved with the operation of the irrigation controller but may influence what irrigation schedules are executed by the irrigation controller.

[0024] The term “communication system” is used in a very broad sense herein to mean any system used to communicate information. Contemplated communication systems may be analog or digital, the information may be carried by wires, telephone, radio waves, two-way pagers, infra-red, light, sound, or any other energy waves, packet switched or not, involve dedicated or non-dedicated lines, may be public or private, or any combination of these. Bi-directional communication systems may or may not be duplex (i.e. carrying signals in both directions at the same time). Contemplated communication systems may use any appropriate hardware. For example, communication between an irrigation controller and a user may employ a key pad for entering data into the irrigation controller, and an LED display for transmitting information from the irrigation controller to the user. Alternatively, sound may be used, such as where a user provides information to the irrigation controller using voice, and the irrigation controller talks to the user using synthesized speech. In yet other embodiments, a user may communicate with an irrigation controller located in the garage of a personal residence, through a personal computer (PC) type keyboard and display screen located in a bedroom of the residence. In yet another embodiment, a user may communicate with an irrigation controller located in an agricultural field through a personal computer located in a house, office, vehicle, and so forth. The link may be hard wired, or it may utilize any other suitable connection, such as telephone, radio, two-way pager, and public, packet switched network known as the Internet. Storage devices may again be any suitable information storage, including hard drive, floppy disk, RAM, ROM, and so forth.

[0025] The term “personal computer” means any general purpose computing device that is capable of running at least word processing, either from a local source or from an application service provider. Examples are desk top or laptop computers, very thin clients such as Internet TV, and relatively low capacity equipment such as Palm Pilot™ or other hand-held computers.

[0026]FIG. 1 shows four communication systems that exchange information in preferred embodiments of the present invention. The first communication system exchanges information between an irrigation controller and a host computer. The second communication system exchanges information between the irrigation controller and a local user. The third communication system exchanges information between the user and a host computer. The fourth communication system exchanges information between the host computer and a third party. All of these communication systems are preferably bi-directional. Any suitable communication language can be used to communicate information across any of the communication systems.

[0027] Under the definitions set forth herein, aspects of some of these communications systems are already known. For example, it is already known to bi-directionally exchange some types of information between an irrigation controller and a host computer, and between the irrigation controller and the user. However, both the exchange of irrigation information between the host computer and the user, and between the host computer and a third party are thought to be novel for irrigation systems.

[0028]FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of an interactive irrigation system according to the present invention. The host computer 10 is interactively connected to an irrigation controller 20 via the first communication system 1, FIG. 1. The first communication system 1 is preferably an Internet system, but may alternatively or additionally comprise some other type of communication system such as a telephone system, a radio system, a pager system, two-way pager system, or any other suitable communication system. An irrigation controller interface 21, FIG. 2 is provided for coupling the irrigation controller 20 to the network connection device 13. The network connection device 13 can be a network computer, a personal computer, a cable television box, or any other suitable connection device. Information is preferably transmitted between the irrigation controller interface 21 and the network connection device 13 through a serial communication channel 22.

[0029] The first communication system 1, FIG. 1 permits the host computer 10, FIG. 2 to transmit control information to the irrigation controller 20. The control information may include irrigation start times 24, irrigation run times 25, and contingency rules that prevent the irrigation controller 20 from operating upon detection of one or more problem conditions. Contingency rules could be that irrigation will not occur if wind speed is greater than a certain speed, water pressure is less than a certain pressure, water flow is higher than a set maximum, and so forth. Contingency rules may even include setting limits on when irrigation will occur based on utility rates. With agricultural irrigation systems that utilize electricity to pump the water, if a system is run when there is a high demand for electricity, the cost per unit of electricity may be more than if the irrigation system was operated when there was a low demand for electricity. The control information is preferably derived from information inputted, received and/or stored in the host computer 10. The first communication system 1, FIG. 1 also permits the irrigation controller 20, FIG. 2 to transmit irrigation information to the host computer 10. Such information may advantageously include irrigation water flow data 26 and water pressure data 27 (See also FIG. 3).

[0030] The second communication system 2, FIG. 1 allows the user 15, FIG. 2 to communicate with the irrigation controller 20. Since both user 15 and controller 20 are local, this could advantageously be accomplished through a keypad 233 physically located on the irrigation controller 20 (See FIG. 3), or in some manner hard wired to the controller 20. Other systems are, however, also contemplated. It is especially contemplated that the user 15 could communicate with the irrigation controller 20 using a desktop computer, laptop computer or hand-held computer. Such embodiments may be well appropriate where the irrigation controller 20 is in a garage or field, and the user 15 is operating the controller 20 from within a nearby house, office or vehicle.

[0031] The third communication system 3, FIG. 1 is used to transfer information between the user 15, FIG. 2 and the host computer 10, and may also advantageously comprise an Internet system. To this end the user 15 may employ a computer, for example, a personal computer 13 with an Intel Pentium processor and a fast modem. An Internet browser 14 is preferably coupled to the personal computer 13, and is used to provide interactive connection with the host computer 10. Among other things, the user 15 may transfer irrigation operating information such as the irrigated area size, drainage, soil properties, crop information, crop coefficients, irrigation efficiencies, and so forth to the host computer.

[0032] The host computer 10 may advantageously combine the irrigation operating information with additional information to derive an irrigation schedule to be downloaded into the irrigation controller 20. It can be appreciated that if a personal computer is used by the user 15 to communicate with the irrigation controller 20 that the irrigation information can be inputted into the user'"'"'s personal computer and the user'"'"'s personal computer may combine the irrigation operating information with additional information to derive an irrigation schedule to be downloaded into the irrigation controller 20 from the user'"'"'s personal computer. It is further contemplated that the irrigation operating information with additional information may be communicated to the irrigation controller 20 and the microprocessor 220, FIG. 3 disposed in the irrigation controller 20, FIG. 2 will derive an irrigation schedule that is executed by the irrigation controller. Such additional information may include one or more of daily weather data and/or historic ET values from near the irrigated site or a site with similar meteorological conditions, daily irrigation water flow data 26, daily irrigation water pressure data 27 and other information that will provide for efficient irrigation applications. It is especially contemplated that the irrigation schedule will be designed to provide efficient irrigation of the irrigated area with a minimum waste of water. This may involve comparing a computed quantity of water that was applied to the irrigated area against an ET value for that irrigated area. Differences in these values may be stored, and made available to the user 15 and third parties 11.

[0033] The host computer 10, the irrigation controller 20 and/or the personal computer the user 15 may use to communicate with the irrigation controller may also be programmed to detect problems with the irrigation system. This can be accomplished by setting parameters within which the irrigation system is determined to be operating effectively. If operation of the irrigation system falls outside of one or more of the parameters, this indicates that a problem with the irrigation system may exist. For example, if the total quantity of water to be applied to the irrigated area during each scheduled irrigation is determined to be approximately 100 gallons, then upper and lower threshold parameters for total water application could be set at 90 gallons and 110 gallons, respectively. A problem with the irrigation system would be indicated if the quantity of water, applied during any scheduled irrigation, was less than 90 gallons or more than 110 gallons. A lower than normal quantity of applied irrigation water could indicate plugged heads, and a higher than normal quantity of applied irrigation water could indicate broken irrigation lines or sprinkler heads. If problems with the irrigation system are detected, then the user 15 may be warned using a visible or audible signal, and/or control commands may be sent to the irrigation controller 20 to prevent the irrigation controller 20 from operating. It is further contemplated that environmental conditions will be monitored at the irrigated site and if environmental conditions are such that irrigation is not required or poor water distribution would occur the irrigation controller 15 will be prevented from executing the irrigation schedule. Prevention of execution of irrigation schedules could occur when rain is occurring, there are high winds, there is relatively high soil moisture, and so forth.

[0034] Due to cost considerations or for other reasons, presently installed irrigation controllers may not be able to be interactively coupled with the host computer 10. In such cases it is contemplated that the third communication system may at least partially substitute for the first communication system. For example, it is contemplated that a user 15 may obtain the irrigation schedule from the host computer 10 through the third communication system 3, and program the irrigation controller 20 directly using the second communication system 2. One scenario is for the user 15 to access the irrigation schedule using a browser 14 program on a personal computer 13 and a web site hosted by, or at least controlled by the host computer 10. Such access can be protected by user identification code and password.

[0035] The fourth communication system 4, FIG. 1 is used to provide information to a third party. The information thus provided may include irrigation operating information such as irrigation start times 24, FIG. 2, irrigation run times 25, irrigation water flow data 26, irrigation water pressure data 27, total quantity of water applied to the irrigated area during a specified time period, and the percent the actual water applied to the irrigated area represents of the desired rate of application based at least in part on an ET value. Where the third party is a water district, this information could be used for billing purposes, monitoring purposes, or for many other uses. Educational information may travel in the other direction, from third party 11 to host computer 10, and then on to the user 15, or from third party 11 directly to the user 15.

[0036] In FIG. 3 an irrigation controller 20 generally includes a microprocessor 220, an on-board memory 210, some manual input devices 230 through 232 (buttons and/or knobs), preferably an irrigation user keypad 233 for entering irrigation identifying information, an input/output (I/O) circuitry 221 connected in a conventional manner, a display screen 250, electrical connectors 260 which are connected to a plurality of irrigation irrigated areas 270 and a power supply 280, a rain detection device 291, a flow sensor 26, a pressure sensor 27 and a temperature sensor 28. Each of these components by itself is well known in the electronic industry, with the exception of the programming of the microprocessor in accordance with the functionality set forth herein.

[0037] It can be appreciated that the irrigation controller 20 can be a stand-alone device or a personal computer may provide some or all of the control functions of an irrigation controller. This would be especially true with some electronically controlled agricultural irrigation systems where most if not all of the irrigation control functions are provided by a personal computer. Frequently, with agricultural irrigation systems, there will be an irrigation controller 20 located at the irrigation site and a personal computer located at the house or office and either one can be used to control the irrigation system.

[0038] A class of irrigation systems according to the present invention comprises an irrigation controller and a plurality of water application devices. The irrigation controller at least partially controls the water application devices. A first communication system exchanges information between the irrigation controller and a host computer, a second communication, system exchanges information between the irrigation controller and the user, a third communication system exchanges information between the user and the host computer; and a fourth communication system exchanges information between the host computer and a third party. At least one of these irrigation systems is preferably bi-directional, and in especially preferred embodiments all of these communication systems are bi-directional. At least one of the communication systems may advantageously comprise a public, packet switched network, and more preferably comprises an Internet connection that makes use of a web page interface. One or more of the communication systems may involve a dedicated link. One or more of the communication systems may involve a pager, and especially a two-way pager. Microprocessors are advantageously included in at least the irrigation controller and the host computer to facilitate the communications. The microprocessors may operate a RAM, ROM, or other data storage device.

[0039] A class of inventive methods according to the present invention include: utilizing the controller to at least partially control a plurality of water application devices; coupling the irrigation controller and a host computer using a first communication system; coupling the irrigation controller and the user using a second communication system; the user entering irrigation operating information into the irrigation controller using the second communication system; and the irrigation controller causing at least a portion of the irrigation operating information to be transmitted to the host computer using the first communication system.

[0040] The irrigation controller may advantageously be provided with a microprocessor programmed to receive information from the host computer and/or local water usage data from local sensors. An irrigation schedule may be determined by the microprocessor in the irrigation controller, a microprocessor in the personal computer the user uses to communicate with the irrigation controller, a microprocessor in the host computer, or any combination of the three. The irrigation schedule may advantageously involve computing a desired quantity of water to be applied to an irrigated area for a day, week, month, or other specific period of time. Preferably the irrigation schedule is derived from information stored in the microprocessor or memory, information inputted into the microprocessor and/or information received by the microprocessor. The information may include local water usage data, such as water flow and water pressure. Additionally, the information may include weather data, such as, temperature, solar radiation, wind and relative humidity. Furthermore, the information may include at least one of the following: soil properties of the irrigated site, topography data on the irrigated site, size of the irrigated area, drainage, current ET values, crop coefficient values, irrigation efficiency values, and so forth.

[0041] Preferably the irrigation schedule is at least partly based on ET data. The microprocessor disposed in either the irrigation controller, personal computer of the user or the host computer will either receive a current ET value, calculate an ET value from current weather data or use a historical ET value. The weather data, used in calculating the ET value, is preferably from at least one of the following; temperature, humidity, solar radiation and wind.

[0042] It is contemplated that the ET value or weather data used in calculating the ET value will be received by the microprocessor via the Internet. However, the ET value or weather data used in calculating the ET value may be received via a telephone line, radio, pager, two-way pager, cable, and any other suitable communication mechanism. It is also contemplated that the microprocessor 20 disposed in the irrigation controller or personal computer of the user may receive the weather data, used in calculating the ET value, directly from sensors, such as the temperature sensor 28, FIG. 3, at the irrigation site. The ET value, from which at least partly the irrigation schedule is derived, is preferably a current ET value, where the term “current” is used to mean within the last two weeks. It is more preferred, however, that the current weather information is from the most recent few days, and even more preferably from the current day. Regardless, ET values may be pre-calculated ET values received by the microprocessor 20 or estimated ET values calculated by the microprocessor 20 from weather data received by the microprocessor 20. The ET value may also be a historical ET value that is stored in the memory 210 of the irrigation controller, personal computer of the user or host computer.

[0043] In a preferred embodiment a desired rate of water application is determined based partly on the ET value and is compared to the actual water applied to the irrigated area.

[0044] Preferred methods may also include a third communication system that couples the user and the host computer. More preferred methods may include a fourth communication system that couples the host computer and a third party. The third party may thereby be apprised of many different types of information, including a calculated estimate of water actually applied at an irrigated area for a time period, and a relationship between the calculated estimate of water actually applied at a irrigated area for a time period and a computed rate of water application based at least in part on an ET value for the irrigated area for the same time period.

[0045] Normal, or at least predetermined, operating parameters may be implemented with warnings being provided to the user or to third parties when operating conditions fall outside the normal parameters. In some instances one of the microprocessors may be used to prevent an operation of the irrigation system when the irrigation system falls outside of the predetermined parameters.

[0046] Thus, specific systems and methods of interactive irrigation systems have been disclosed. It should be apparent, however, to those skilled in the art that many more modifications besides those described are possible without departing from the inventive concepts herein. The inventive subject matter, therefore, is not to be restricted except in the spirit of the appended claims.

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Interactive irrigation system

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