Single molecule detection systems and methods
First Claim
1. A microfluidic system, comprising:
- a substrate;
a first microchannel disposed in the substrate for providing a reactant to a reaction zone;
a second microchannel disposed in the substrate, wherein at least a portion of the second microchannel is in a detection region;
a third microchannel disposed in the substrate, the third microchannel providing fluid communication between the first and second microchannels, wherein at least a portion of the third microchannel defines a portion of the reaction zone; and
first and second electrodes, positioned at opposite ends of the second microchannel, for providing an electric field within the second microchannel, wherein when the reactant is in the reaction zone a reaction product is produced having a net electric charge different from the electric charge of the reactant, wherein the reaction product is separated from the reactant, and wherein the electric field in the second microchannel causes the reaction product to flow into the detection region.
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Accused Products
Abstract
A microfluidic system is provided that includes a substrate, a first microchannel disposed in the substrate for providing a reactant to a reaction zone, a second microchannel disposed in the substrate, and a third microchannel disposed in the substrate, the third microchannel providing fluid communication between the first and second microchannels. The system also typically includes first and second electrodes, positioned at opposite ends of the second microchannel, for providing an electric field within the second microchannel. In operation, when the reactant is in the reaction zone, a reaction product is produced having a net electric charge different from the electric charge of the reactant.
165 Citations
90 Claims
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1. A microfluidic system, comprising:
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a substrate;
a first microchannel disposed in the substrate for providing a reactant to a reaction zone;
a second microchannel disposed in the substrate, wherein at least a portion of the second microchannel is in a detection region;
a third microchannel disposed in the substrate, the third microchannel providing fluid communication between the first and second microchannels, wherein at least a portion of the third microchannel defines a portion of the reaction zone; and
first and second electrodes, positioned at opposite ends of the second microchannel, for providing an electric field within the second microchannel, wherein when the reactant is in the reaction zone a reaction product is produced having a net electric charge different from the electric charge of the reactant, wherein the reaction product is separated from the reactant, and wherein the electric field in the second microchannel causes the reaction product to flow into the detection region. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29)
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30. A microfluidic device useful for analyzing a reaction, the device comprising:
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a substrate;
at least two microchannels disposed on the substrate, wherein said microchannels are in fluid communication with each other;
an immobilization zone within a first one of said microchannels, wherein at least a portion of a reactant is immobilized proximal the immobilization zone to allow for a reaction to occur so as to produce a reaction product; and
a detection zone within a second one of said microchannels, wherein there is substantially no electric field within the first microchannel proximal the immobilization zone, and wherein a biasing force moves the reaction product into the detection zone within the second microchannel. - View Dependent Claims (31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55)
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56. A method of sequencing or genotyping a nucleic acid in a microfluidics device having at least two microchannels disposed on a substrate in fluid communication with each other, said method comprising:
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immobilizing a nucleic acid complex proximal an immobilization region within a first one of said microchannels;
providing a polymerase and plurality of NP probes to a reaction region proximal the immobilization region under conditions permitting target dependent polymerization of said plurality of NP probes, thereby providing a product; and
separating the product from polymerization reactants into a detection region in a second one of the microchannels using a biasing force sufficient to interact with the product; and
detecting the product. - View Dependent Claims (57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63)
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64. A microfluidic device useful for analyzing a reaction, the device comprising:
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a substrate;
a first microchannel disposed on the substrate, a plurality of second microchannels disposed on the substrate, each in fluid communication with the first microchannel;
a plurality of immobilization zones within the first microchannel, each immobilization zone corresponding to one of said plurality of second microchannels, wherein a reactant is immobilized proximal each immobilization zone to allow for a reaction proximal each immobilization zone to produce a reaction product; and
a detection zone within each of the plurality of second microchannels, wherein there is substantially no electric field within the first microchannel proximal each immobilization zone, and wherein a biasing force moves the corresponding reaction product into the detection zone within each second microchannel. - View Dependent Claims (65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90)
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Specification