Method and system for distributing digital content with embedded message

• US 20030190054A1
• Filed: 04/02/2003
• Published: 10/09/2003
• Est. Priority Date: 10/03/2000
• Status: Abandoned Application

• Current Assignee: PortAuthority Technologies, Inc. (Francisco Partners Management LLC)
• Original Assignee: PortAuthority Technologies, Inc. (Francisco Partners Management LLC)
• Inventors: Tirosh, Oren, Troyansky, Lidror, Carny, Ofir, Peled, Ariel
• Application Number:
  US10/398,193
• Publication Number:
  US 20030190054A1
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 382/100
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 16/958 Organisation or management of web site content, e.g. publishing, maintaining pages or automatic linking
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 21/1063 Personalisation
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 21/16 Program or content traceability, e.g. by watermarking
• CPC Class Codes: G10L 19/018 Audio watermarking, i.e. embedding inaudible data in the audio signal
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/23892 involving embedding information at multiplex stream level, e.g. embedding a watermark at packet level
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/44204 Monitoring of content usage, e.g. the number of times a movie has been viewed, copied or the amount which has been watched monitoring of user activities for profile generation for accessing a video database G06F16/739; protecting generic digital content where the protection is independent of the precise nature of the content G06F21/10; arrangements for monitoring the use made of the broadcast services in broadcast systems H04H60/31
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/8358 involving watermark protecting executable software by watermarking G06F21/16; image watermarking in general G06T1/0021; watermarks inserted in still images for transmission purposes H04N1/32144; inserting watermarks during video coding H04N19/467
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 21/8456 by decomposing the content in the time domain, e.g. in time segments

Abstract

A system and a method for providing uniquely marked copies of data content. The method contain two basic phases: a preprocessing phase, which produces a library of marked segments, and a message embedding phase, which utilizes the stored marked segments in order to efficiently produce a personalized version of the content, by selecting various marked segments and inserting the selected marked segments into the data content.

Claims

1. A content marker for providing uniquely marked copies of data content, said marker comprising a content segment taker for taking segments of said content, a marker having a predetermined library of marks, wherein said marker is operable to insert different ones of said marks into different copies of at least one of said segments to form a set of marked segments therefrom, a selector for selecting a marked segment for insertion back into said segment, and an inserter for inserting said selected marked segment into said data content.

2. A content marker according to claim 1, wherein said segment taker and said marker form a content preprocessor.

3. A content marker according to claim 1, wherein said selector and said inserter form a mark adder, for on-line addition of marks to said content.

4. A content marker according to claim 1, wherein said content marker further comprises a content fraction taker for taking fractions of said content such that each of said fractions contains at least one segment, and for outputting said fragment to said segment taker to ensure said segment is taken from said fragment.

6. A content marker according to claim 1, wherein each of said segments is salient to said content, such that removal of said segment degrades said content.

7. A content marker according to claim 1, wherein said marked content is not degraded relative to said content.

8. A content marker according to claim 1, wherein each of said marked segments represents a predefined character, and wherein said content marker is operable to embed a message into said content.

9. A content marker according to claim 1, wherein said sets of marked segments are generated prior to distribution of said content.

10. A content marker according to claim 1, wherein inserting said selected marked segments into said data content is performed during distribution of said content.

11. A content marker according to claim 1, wherein said content comprises one of the following:

audio content, multimedia content, or data.

12. A content marker according to claim 1, wherein said content comprises video content.

13. A content marker according to claim 12, wherein said content segment taker is operable to identify a video object.

14. A content marker according to claim 13, wherein said video object comprises a video frame.

15. A content marker according to claim 13, wherein said video object comprises a video object plane.

16. A content marker according to claim 13, wherein said video object comprises a sequence of video frames.

17. A content marker according to claim 14, wherein said marker is operable to insert said mark into said copy of said segment by direct-sequence spread spectrum watermarking.

18. A content marker according to claim 8, further comprising a message encoder for performing error correction encoding on said message.

19. A content marker according to claim 8, further comprising a message encrypter for encrypting said message.

5. A content marker according to claim I, wherein said content marker further comprises a content segment remover for removing said segments from said content.

20. A mark detector for detecting a mark embedded in data content, wherein said mark comprises a string of marks composed from a finite library of marks, said mark identifier comprising a maximum-likelihood detector for performing maximum-likelihood detection upon said content thereby to detect marks present in said string.

21. A mark detector according to claim 20, wherein said string of marks comprises a message.

22. A mark detector according to claim 21, wherein said message comprises a code identifying an intended receiver of said content.

23. A mark detector according to claim 20, wherein said string of marks comprises a single mark.

24. A mark detector according to claim 20, wherein said marks comprise symbols of an alphabet.

25. A mark detector according to claim 20, further comprising a segment identifier for identifying a segment of said content having a portion of said mark embedded therein.

26. A mark detector according to claim 25, wherein said detector is operable to perform maximum-likelihood detection in order to identify embedded marks only upon sections of said content containing at least one segment identified by said segment identifier.

27. A mark detector according to claim 20, further comprising a message decoder for decoding a message from said string.

28. A mark detector according to claim 20, further comprising a message decrypter for decrypting a message from said string.

29. A mark detector for detecting a mark embedded in data content, in combination with a mark comprising a string of marks composed from a finite library of marks, said mark identifier comprising a detector for detecting marks present in said string.

30. A mark detector according to claim 29, wherein said detector comprises a maximum-likelihood detector for performing maximum-likelihood detection upon said content.

31. A mark detector according to claim 29, wherein said string of marks comprises a message.

32. A mark detector according to claim 31, wherein said message comprises a code identifying an intended receiver of said content.

33. A mark detector according to claim 29, wherein said string of marks comprises a single mark.

34. A mark detector according to claim 29, wherein said marks comprise symbols of an alphabet.

35. A mark detector according to claim 29, further comprising a segment identifier for identifying a segment of said content having a portion of said mark embedded therein.

36. A mark detector according to claim 35, wherein said detector is operable to perform maximum-likelihood detection in order to identify embedded marks only upon sections of said content containing at least one segment identified by said segment identifier.

37. A mark detector according to claim 29, further comprising a message decoder for decoding a message from said string.

38. A mark detector according to claim 29, further comprising a message decrypter for decrypting a message from said string.

39. A content preprocessor for providing sets of uniquely marked segments of data content, said preprocessor comprising a content segment taker for taking at least one segment of said content, and a marker having a predetermined library of marks for inserting different ones of said marks into different copies of at least one of said segments to form a set of marked segments therefrom.

40. A content preprocessor according to claim 39, wherein said content preprocessor further comprises a content fraction taker for taking fractions of said content such that each of said fractions contains at least one segment, and for outputting said fragment to said segment taker to ensure said segment is taken from said fragment.

41. A content preprocessor according to claim 39, wherein said content preprocessor further comprises a content segment remover for removing said segments from said content.

42. A content preprocessor according to claim 39, wherein each of said segments is salient to said content, such that removal of said segment degrades said content.

43. A content preprocessor according to claim 39, wherein each of said marked segments represents a predefined character.

44. A content preprocessor according to claim 39, wherein said content comprises one of the following:

audio content, multimedia content, or data.

45. A content preprocessor according to claim 39, wherein said content comprises video content.

46. A content preprocessor according to claim 45, wherein said content segment taker is operable to identify a video object.

47. A content preprocessor according to claim 46, wherein said video object comprises a video frame.

48. A content preprocessor according to claim 46, wherein said video object comprises a video object plane.

49. A content preprocessor according to claim 46, wherein said video object comprises a sequence of video frames.

50. A mark adder for inserting marked segments into predefined locations within data content, thereby to provide uniquely marked copies of said data content, said adder comprising a library of marked segments containing a set of marked segments for each of said locations, a selector for selecting at least one location within said content, and an inserter for inserting into at least one of said selected locations a marked segment from said set of marked segments of said location.

51. A mark adder according to claim 50, wherein said adder further comprises a content portion remover for removing a portion of data content from at least one location within said content.

52. A mark adder according to claim 51, wherein each of said portions of data content is salient to said content, such that removal of said portion degrades said content.

53. A mark adder according to claim 51, wherein said marked content is not degraded relative to said content.

54. A mark adder according to claim 50, wherein each of said marked segments represents a predefined character, and wherein said adder is operable to embed a message into said content.

55. A mark adder according to claim 50, wherein said content comprises one of the following:

audio content, multimedia content, or data.

56. A mark adder according to claim 50, wherein said content comprises video content.

57. A mark adder according to claim 54, further comprising a message encoder for performing error correction encoding on said message.

58. A mark adder according to claim 54, further comprising a message encrypter for encrypting said message.

59. A method for providing uniquely marked copies of data content, comprising the steps of:

taking segments of said content;

for each of said content segments, inserting different ones of marks taken from a predetermined library of marks into said segment to form a set of marked segments therefrom; and

,

marking said data content by performing for at least one of said content segments the steps of;

selecting a marked segment from the set of marked segments of said segment; and

,

inserting said selected marked segment into a predefined location in said data content.

60. A method for providing uniquely marked copies of data content according to claim 59, comprising the further step of storing said sets of marked segments.

61. A method for providing uniquely marked copies of data content according to claim 59, comprising the further step of removing at least one of said content segments from said data content.

62. A method for providing uniquely marked copies of data content according to claim 59, such that each of said content segments is salient to said content, such that removal of said segment degrades said content.

63. A method for providing uniquely marked copies of data content according to claim 59, wherein forming said sets of marked segments is performed prior to distribution of said content.

64. A method for providing uniquely marked copies of data content according to claim 59, wherein marking said content is performed during distribution of said content.

65. A method for providing uniquely marked copies of data content according to claim 59, further comprising taking at least one fraction of said content, such that said fraction contains at least one of said content segments thereby to ensure that at least one of said content segments is taken from said fragment.

66. A method for providing uniquely marked copies of data content according to claim 59, wherein said marked copies of data content are not degraded relative to said data content.

67. A method for providing uniquely marked copies of data content according to claim 59, wherein each of said marked segments represents a predefined character.

68. A method for providing uniquely marked copies of data content according to claim 67, wherein a marked copy of data content contains a message embedded therein.

69. A method for providing uniquely marked copies of data content according to claim 68, further comprising performing error correction encoding on said message.

70. A method for providing uniquely marked copies of data content according to claim 68, further comprising encrypting said message.

71. A method for providing uniquely marked copies of data content according to claim 59, wherein said content comprises one of the following:

audio content, video content, multimedia content, or data.

72. A method for providing uniquely marked copies of data content according to claim 59, wherein a segment comprises a video frame, and wherein said data content is marked with a message comprising a sequence of marks by performing the steps of:

encoding said message into an encoded message using an error-correction code;

transforming the encoded message into a message matrix;

generating a pseudo-noise sequence and transforming said sequence into a pseudo-noise matrix;

combining the pseudo-noise matrix and the message matrix into a control matrix using the tensor product of the two matrices;

obtaining the video frame in a YUV format;

dividing the Y component into blocks;

extracting from each block the value of a component for manipulation during the embedding process;

manipulating the value of said components in accordance with the numbers in the control matrix to form a steganogram template;

combining said template with the original frame;

storing said frame and a sequence previously watermarked frames in a file; and

encoding said sequence of frame into a digital video format.

73. A method for providing sets of uniquely marked segments of data content, comprising the steps of:

taking segments of said content;

for each of said content segments, inserting different ones of marks taken from a predetermined library of marks into said segment to form a set of marked segments therefrom.

74. A method for providing sets of uniquely marked segments of data content according to claim 73, such that each of said content segments is salient to said content, such that removal of said segment from said content degrades said content.

75. A method for providing sets of uniquely marked segments of data content according to claim 73, further comprising taking at least one fraction of said content, such that said fraction contains at least one of said content segments thereby to ensure that at least one of said content segments is taken from said fragment.

76. A method for providing sets of uniquely marked segments of data content according to claim 73, wherein each of said marked segments represents a predefined character.

77. A method for providing uniquely marked copies of data content according to claim 73, wherein said content comprises one of the following:

audio content, video content, multimedia content, or data.

78. A method for providing uniquely marked copies of data content by inserting one of a selection of segments into a set of predefined locations within said data content, comprising:

providing, for each predefined location, a set of differently marked copies of a respective segment for said location;

selecting a marked copy from the set of marked segments of said respective location; and

,

inserting said selected marked segment into said respective location in said data content.

79. A method for providing uniquely marked copies of data content according to claim 78, comprising the further step of removing from at least one of said locations a segment of said data content.

80. A method for providing uniquely marked copies of data content according to claim 78, such that each of said content segments is salient to said content, such that removal of said segment degrades said content.

81. A method for providing uniquely marked copies of data content according to claim 78, wherein marking said content is performed during distribution of said content.

82. A method for providing uniquely marked copies of data content according to claim 78, further comprising taking at least one fraction of said content, such that said fraction contains at least one of said content segments thereby to ensure that at least one of said content segments is taken from said fragment.

83. A method for providing uniquely marked copies of data content according to claim 78, wherein said marked copies of data content are not degraded relative to said content.

84. A method for providing uniquely marked copies of data content according to claim 78, wherein each of said marked segments represents a predefined character.

85. A method for providing uniquely marked copies of data content according to claim 84, wherein a marked copy of data content contains a message embedded therein.

86. A method for providing uniquely marked copies of data content according to claim 85, further comprising performing error correction encoding on said message.

87. A method for providing uniquely marked copies of data content according to claim 85, further comprising encrypting said message.

88. A method for providing uniquely marked copies of data content according to claim 78, wherein said content comprises one of the following:

audio content, video content, multimedia content, or data.

89. A method for providing uniquely marked copies of data content according to claim 78, wherein a segment comprises a video frame, and wherein said data content is marked with a message comprising a sequence of marks by performing the steps of:

encoding said message into an encoded message using an error-correction code;

transforming the encoded message into a message matrix;

generating a pseudo-noise sequence and transforming said sequence into a pseudo-noise matrix;

combining the pseudo-noise matrix and the message matrix into a control matrix using the tensor product of the two matrices;

obtaining the video frame in a YUV format;

dividing the Y component into blocks;

extracting from each block the value of a component for manipulation during the embedding process;

manipulating the value of said components in accordance with the numbers in the control matrix to form a steganogram template;

combining said template with the original frame;

storing said frame and a sequence previously watermarked frames in a file; and

encoding said sequence of frame into a digital video format.

90. A method for watermarking data content by inserting one of a selection of previously removed segments into a set of predefined locations within said data content, comprising:

obtaining, for each predefined location, a set of differently marked copies of a respective segment for said location;

selecting a marked copy from the set of marked segments for each respective location; and

,

inserting said selected marked segment into said respective location in said data content.

91. A method for providing uniquely marked copies of data content according to claim 90, wherein said marked copies of data content are not degraded relative to said content.

92. A method for providing uniquely marked copies of data content according to claim 90, wherein each of said marked segments represents a predefined character.

93. A method for providing uniquely marked copies of data content according to claim 91, wherein a marked copy of data content contains a message embedded therein.