Weak signal and anti-jamming Global Positioning System receiver and method using full correlation grid

• US 20030201934A1
• Filed: 04/24/2003
• Published: 10/30/2003
• Est. Priority Date: 04/30/2002
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Johns Hopkins University
• Original Assignee: Johns Hopkins University
• Inventors: Asher, Mark S., Linstrom, Lloyd A., Henderson, Robert L., Duven, Dennis J.
• Granted Patent: US 6,724,343 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 342/357.12
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 19/21 Interference related issues ; Issues related to cross-correlation, spoofing or other methods of denial of service
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 19/24 Acquisition or tracking or demodulation of signals transmitted by the system synchronisation aspects of direct sequence spread spectrum modulation H04B1/7073
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 19/26 involving a sensor measurement for aiding acquisition or tracking

Abstract

Disclosed is a system and method for increasing the weak signal recovery capability of a Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver correlating each of the plurality of digital signals by multiplying the I and Q phases by the carrier and code, adding a location offset, accumulating the results of the correlation, and latching the results until a predetermined time; coherent combining the accumulated results at the predetermined time; non-coherent combining the coherent combined results for a time period sufficient to raise a correlation peak to a predetermined point above a noise floor to produce a plurality of non-coherent bin observables; determining a maximum value of the plurality of bin observables and comparing the maximum value to predetermined threshold; determining grid locations of bin observables having maximum values greater than the predetermined threshold; determining a bi-quadratic surface using the grid locations; determining an argument maximum of the bi-quadratic surface; estimating epoch pseudorange and Doppler variables based on the argument maximum; estimating errors in at least one of position, velocity, orientation, user clock, frequency, and ionosphere states on the estimated epoch pseudorange and Doppler variables; and determining at least one of position, velocity and orientation by correcting for the estimated errors.

Claims

1. A system for increasing the signal recovery capability of a Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver having an antenna for receiving a plurality of GPS signals from a plurality of GPS satellites, a down converter for down-converting the plurality of received signals, and an analog-to-digital (A/D) converter for converting the plurality of down-converted signals to a plurality of digital signals, each signal being modulated by a carrier wave and coded by a unique code and having an I (in) and Q (quadrature) phase component, comprising:

a correlator array for correlating each of the plurality of digital signals by multiplying the I and Q phases by the carrier wave and unique code to extract the GPS signal, adding a location offset, accumulating the results of the correlation, and latching the results until a predetermined time;

a coherent combiner for coherent combining the accumulated results at the predetermined time;

a non-coherent combiner for non-coherent combining the coherent combined results for a time period sufficient to raise a correlation peak to a predetermined level above a noise floor to produce a plurality of non-coherent bin observables;

a correlation grid detector for determining a maximum value of the plurality of bin observables and comparing the maximum value to predetermined threshold, determining grid locations of bin observables having maximum values greater than the predetermined threshold, determining a bi-quadratic surface using the grid locations, and determining an argument maximum of the bi-quadratic surface;

a correlation grid estimator for estimating epoch pseudorange and Doppler variables based on the argument maximum; and

a Kalman filter for estimating errors in at least one of position, velocity, user clock, frequency, and ionosphere states based on the estimated epoch pseudorange and Doppler variables.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein the correlator array comprises a plurality of accumulators for accumulating the results of the correlation.

3. The system of claim 1, wherein the correlator array comprises at least one code generator for triggering the start of an epoch.

4. The system of claim 1, wherein the Kalman filter comprises a fixed point smoother for predicting the estimated epoch pseudorange and Doppler variables.

5. The system of claim 1, wherein the Kalman filter estimates errors in orientation.

6. The system of claim 1, further comprising an orbit propagator for determining position and velocity by correcting for the estimated errors.

7. The system of claim 1, further comprising an inertial navigation computation module and an inertial measurement unit for determining position, velocity and orientation by correcting for the estimated errors.

8. A method for-increasing the accuracy of a Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver having an antenna for receiving a plurality of GPS signals from a plurality of GPS satellites, a down converter for down-converting the plurality of received signals, and an analog-to-digital (A/D) converter for converting the plurality of down-converted signals to a plurality of digital signals, each signal being modulated by a carrier wave and coded by a unique code and having an I (in) and Q (quadrature) phase component, comprising the steps of:

correlating each of the plurality of digital signals by multiplying the I and Q phases by the carrier wave and unique code to extract the GPS signal, adding a location offset, accumulating the results of the correlation, and latching the results until a predetermined time;

coherent combining the accumulated results at the predetermined time;

non-coherent combining the coherent combined results for a time period sufficient to raise a correlation peak to a predetermined point above a noise floor to produce a plurality of non-coherent bin observables;

determining a maximum value of the plurality of bin observables and comparing the maximum value to predetermined threshold;

determining grid locations of bin observables having maximum values greater than the predetermined threshold;

determining a bi-quadratic surface using the grid locations;

determining an argument maximum of the bi-quadratic surface;

estimating epoch pseudorange and Doppler variables based on the argument maximum;

estimating errors in at least one of position, velocity, user clock, frequency, and ionosphere states based on the estimated epoch pseudorange and Doppler variables; and

determining at least one of position, and velocity by correcting for the estimated error.

9. The method of claim 8, further including the steps of:

estimating errors in orientation; and

determining orientation by correcting for the estimated error.