Virtual physical drives

• US 20030204700A1
• Filed: 04/26/2002
• Published: 10/30/2003
• Est. Priority Date: 04/26/2002
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Data Recovery Solutions LLC (Acacia Research Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Voom Technologies Incorporated
• Inventors: Biessener, David W., Biessener, Gaston R.
• Granted Patent: US 7,185,169 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 711/202
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 2003/0697 device management, e.g. handlers, drivers, I/O schedulers
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0601 Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0611 in relation to response time
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0622 in relation to access
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/065 Replication mechanisms
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0664 at device level, e.g. emulation of a storage device or system
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0683 Plurality of storage devices

Abstract

A system includes a processor, a storage system having one or more physical storage devices, and a controller coupled to the processor and the storage system. The controller maintains a virtual physical drive (VPD) map that defines a set of virtual physical drives, and maps the virtual physical drives to storage media of the physical storage devices. The controller receives access requests from the processor and controls the physical storage media according to the VPD map such that the virtual physical drives appear to the processor as physically independent drives. The controller provides hardware-level security to prevent unauthorized access by the processor or any software application executing on processor. In addition, the controller may maintain primary virtual storage and secondary virtual storage within the virtual physical drives, and may dynamically reallocate the virtual storage to backup and restore data in a manner that appears almost instantaneous to the user.

Claims

1. A method comprising:

mapping addressable storage units of a set of virtual physical drives to addressable storage units of a set of physical storage media; and

responding to storage access requests from a processor of a host computer such that the virtual physical drives appear to the processor as physically independent drives.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein each access request specifies one or more addresses for one of the virtual physical drives, the method further comprising:

translating the specified addresses to addresses for the physical storage media in accordance with the mapping; and

accessing the set of physical storage media in accordance with the translated addresses.

3. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

receiving from a user a selection of a group of one or more of the virtual physical drives; and

rejecting storage access commands from the processor requesting access to virtual physical drives not within the selected group.

4. The method of claim 3, further comprising:

authenticating the user; and

accessing the addressable storage units of the selected physical storage media based upon the authentication.

5. The method of claim 3, further comprising:

reporting at least one of the virtual physical drives as a swappable drive to an operating system executing on the processor; and

updating the group to include the swappable virtual physical drive in response to input from the user.

6. The method of claim 1, further comprising storing the mapping in a computer-readable medium coupled to a host computing device.

7. The method of claim 1, further comprising storing the mapping in an embedded memory of a controller coupled to a host computing device via an input/output (I/O) bus.

8. A method comprising:

mapping addressable storage units of a set of virtual physical drives to addressable storage units of a set of physical storage media;

intercepting access requests on an interface bus from a processor of a host computer to access the storage units of the virtual physical drives, wherein the each access request specifies one or more addresses for one of the virtual physical drives;

translating the specified addresses to addresses for the physical storage media in accordance with the mapping; and

issuing access requests to access the set of physical storage media in accordance with the translated addresses.

9. The method of claim 8, further comprising:

storing data received from the host computer prior to a time T₀ on a primary virtual storage within the addressable storage units of the virtual physical drives; and

storing data received from the host computer after time T₀ on a secondary virtual storage within the addressable storage units of the virtual physical drives.

10. The method of claim 9, further comprising:

receiving a save command at the time T₀; and

establishing a T₀ state in response to the save command in which data received from the host computer prior to time T₀ is stored on the primary virtual storage and data received from the host computer after time T₀ is stored on the secondary virtual storage.

11. The method of claim 9, further comprising:

receiving a restore command subsequent to a time T₀; and

disregarding the data received from the host computer after the time T₀ in response to the restore command.

12. A method comprising:

generating a virtual physical drive (VPD) map that associates addressable storage units of a virtual physical drive to addressable storage units of a physical storage medium;

generating a virtual storage map (VSM) to allocate a primary virtual storage and a secondary virtual storage within the virtual physical drives;

maintaining a record of the data written to the secondary virtual storage; and

selectively reading data from the primary virtual storage and the secondary virtual storage based on the record.

13. The method of claim 12, further comprising reporting the virtual physical drive as read-only.

14. The method of claim 12, further comprising reporting at least one of the primary virtual storage and the second virtual storage as a virtual physical drive.

15. The method of claim 12, further comprising:

storing data received from a host computer prior to a time T₀ on the primary virtual storage; and

storing data received from the host computer after time T₀ on the secondary virtual storage.

16. The method of claim 12, wherein maintaining a record comprises:

defining a delta data map (DDM) having a status bit for corresponding storage units for the primary and secondary virtual storage; and

setting the status bits of the delta data map to indicate whether data has been written to the storage units of the secondary virtual storage.

17. The method of claim 12, further comprising:

receiving a save command at a time T₀; and

establishing a T₀ state for the virtual physical drive in response to the save command in which data received from the host computer prior to time T₀ is stored on a primary virtual storage and data received from the host computer after time T₀ is stored on a secondary virtual storage.

18. The method of claim 17, further comprising:

receiving a restore command from a restore hardware switch subsequent to time T₀; and

disregarding the data received from the host computer after time T₀ in response to the restore command.

19. The method of claim 12, further comprising updating the VSM to reallocate the primary virtual storage to include data written to the secondary virtual storage.

20. The method of claim 19, wherein updating the VSM comprises updating the VSM to reallocate at least one storage unit from the secondary virtual storage to the primary virtual storage device.

21. The method of claim 12, wherein the VSM allocates a set of storage units for the primary and the secondary virtual storage, and wherein maintaining a record comprises storing a delta data map (DDM) to indicate those storage units of the secondary virtual storage to which the data has been written.

22. The method of claim 21, wherein the DDM and the VSM comprises bitmaps having a set of binary values, wherein each binary value corresponds to a respective storage unit, and further wherein updating the VSM includes changing a state of at least one of the binary values.

23. The method of claim 15, where updating the VSM comprises:

receiving a save command at a time T_S where T_S>

T₀; and

in response to the save command, updating the VSM to redefine the primary virtual storage to include the data written to the secondary virtual storage device after T₀.

24. The method of claim 23, wherein updating the VSM comprises:

setting each bit of the VSM bitmap based upon an exclusive or operation (XOR) of the binary value of VSM bit and a corresponding bit within the DDM; and

clearing the corresponding bit within the DDM.

25. An apparatus comprising:

a control unit;

a computer-readable medium to store a virtual physical drive (VPD) map that associates addressable storage units of a set of virtual physical drives to addressable storage units of a set of physical storage media of a storage system;

a first interface to couple the control unit to a processor of a host computer via a bus; and

wherein the control unit receives storage access requests from the processor and controls the physical storage media according to the VPD map such that the virtual physical drives appear to the processor as physically independent drives.

26. The apparatus of claim 25, further comprising a second interface coupling the control unit to the storage system.

27. The apparatus of claim 25, wherein the first interface couples the control unit to the storage system.

28. The apparatus of claim 25, wherein the each access request specifies one or more addresses for one of the virtual physical drives, and the control unit translates the specified addresses to addresses for the physical storage media in accordance with the mapping, and accesses the set of physical storage media in accordance with the translated addresses.

29. The apparatus of claim 25, wherein the control unit stores configuration data defining group of one or more of the virtual physical drives, and rejects storage access commands from the processor requesting access to virtual physical drives not within the group.

30. The apparatus of claim 29, wherein the control unit reports at least one of the virtual physical drives as a swappable drive to an operating system executing on the processor, and updates the group to include the swappable virtual physical drive in response to input from the user.

31. The apparatus of claim 25, wherein the each access request specifies one or more addresses for one of the virtual physical drives, and the control unit translates the specified addresses to addresses for the physical storage media in accordance with the mapping and issues access requests to access the set of physical storage media in accordance with the translated addresses.

32. The apparatus of claim 25, wherein the control unit stores a virtual storage map (VSM) on the computer-readable medium to allocate a primary virtual storage and a secondary virtual storage within one or more of the virtual physical drives, and further wherein the control unit maintains a record of the data written to the secondary virtual storage of the virtual physical drives, and selectively reads data from the primary virtual storage and the secondary virtual storage based on the record.

33. The apparatus of claim 32, wherein the control unit stores data received from the host computer prior to a time T₀ on a primary virtual storage within the addressable storage units of the virtual physical drives, and stores data received from the host computer after time T₀ on a secondary virtual storage within the addressable storage units of the virtual physical drives.

34. The apparatus of claim 32, further comprising an input/output (I/O) interface to receive a save command, wherein the control unit reallocates the primary virtual storage in response to the save command.

35. The apparatus of claim 34, wherein the I/O interface receives a signal from an actuated switch.

36. The apparatus of claim 34, wherein the I/O interface receives a wireless signal.

37. The apparatus of claim 34, wherein the I/O interface receives the save command from software executing on a computing device.

38. The apparatus of claim 32, wherein VSM allocates a set of storage units for the primary and the secondary virtual storage, and further wherein the control unit reallocates at least one storage unit from the secondary virtual storage to the primary virtual storage device in response to a save command.

39. A host computer comprising:

a processor;

a storage system having one or more physical storage devices; and

a controller coupled to the processor and the storage system to maintain a virtual physical drive (VPD) map associating addressable storage units of a set of virtual physical drives to addressable storage units of a set of physical storage media of a storage system, wherein the controller receives storage access requests from the processor and controls the physical storage media according to the VPD map such that the virtual physical drives appear to the processor as physically independent drives.

40. The host computer of claim 39, wherein the each access request specifies one or more addresses for one of the virtual physical drives, and the control unit translates the specified addresses to addresses for the physical storage media in accordance with the mapping, and accesses the set of physical storage media in accordance with the translated addresses.