Diffraction-based diagnostic devices

• US 20030207253A1
• Filed: 05/03/2002
• Published: 11/06/2003
• Est. Priority Date: 05/03/2002
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Kimberly-Clark Worldwide Incorporated (Kimberly-Clark Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Kimberly-Clark Worldwide Incorporated (Kimberly-Clark Corporation)
• Inventors: Kaylor, Rosann, Cohen, David
• Granted Patent: US 7,223,534 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 435/5
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00432 Photolithographic masks
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00531 essentially square
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00596 Solid-phase processes
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00605 the compounds being directly bound or immobilised to solid supports
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00612 the surface being inorganic
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00617 by chemical means
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00637 by coating it with another layer
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00659 Two-dimensional arrays
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00677 Ex-situ synthesis followed by deposition on the substrate
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00702 Processes involving means for analysing and characterising the products
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00722 Nucleotides
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/00725 Peptides
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2219/0074 Biological products
• CPC Class Codes: B82Y 30/00 Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
• CPC Class Codes: C40B 40/06 Libraries containing nucleotides or polynucleotides, or derivatives thereof
• CPC Class Codes: C40B 40/10 Libraries containing peptides or polypeptides, or derivatives thereof
• CPC Class Codes: C40B 60/14 for creating libraries
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 33/54366 Apparatus specially adapted for solid-phase testing
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 33/54373 involving physiochemical end-point determination, e.g. wave-guides, FETS, gratings
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 435/808 Optical sensing apparatus
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 436/805 : Optical property
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 436/811 : Test for named disease, body condition or organ function

Abstract

A biosensor includes a substrate with a layer of receptive material disposed thereon. The receptive material is specific for an analyte of interest. A pattern of active and deactivated areas of the receptive material are defined in the receptive material layer by a masking process.

Claims

1. A biosensor, comprising:

a substrate member;

a receptive material layer generally uniformly covering a side of said substrate member, said receptive material being specific for an analyte of interest;

a pattern of active and inactive areas of said receptive material defined on said layer, said active and inactive areas formed by a masking process wherein a mask is placed over said substrate member such that areas exposed by said mask define said pattern of inactive areas of said receptive material and said areas protected by said mask define said pattern of active areas of receptive material; and

wherein when said biosensor is exposed to a medium containing said analyte of interest, the analyte binds to said receptive material in said active areas and subsequently facilitate diffraction of transmitted or reflected light in a diffraction pattern corresponding to said active areas.

2. The biosensor as in claim 1, wherein said inactive areas of said receptive material have been irradiated with an energy source through the mask in the masking process.

3. The biosensor as in claim 1, wherein said substrate comprises a material from the list of materials consisting of plastics, metal coated plastics and glass, functionalized plastics and glass, silicon wafers, glass, and foils.

4. The biosensor as in claim 1, wherein said substrate member comprises a polymer film coated with a metal.

5. The biosensor as in claim 4, wherein said polymer film comprises polyethylene-terephthalate.

6. The biosensor as in claim 4, wherein said metal is selected from the group consisting of gold, silver, chromium, nickel, platinum, aluminum, iron, copper, titanium, gold oxide, chromium oxide, silver oxide, or zirconium.

7. The biosensor as in claim 4, wherein said metal is gold.

8. The biosensor as in claim 1, wherein said diffraction pattern is visible to the naked eye.

9. The biosensor as in claim 1, wherein said receptive material is protein based.

10. The biosensor as in claim 9, wherein said receptive material is an antibody.

11. The biosensor as in claim 1, wherein said substrate member is irradiated with UV light at a wavelength sufficient for deactivating said receptive material exposed through said mask.

12. The biosensor as in claim 1, wherein said receptive material is at least one of antigens, antibodies, nucleotides, chelators, enzymes, bacteria, yeasts, fungi, viruses, bacterial pili, bacterial flagellar materials, nucleic acids, polysaccharides, lipids, proteins, carbohydrates, metals, hormones, aptamers, peptides, and respective receptors for said materials.

13. The biosensor as in claim 1, wherein said analyte of interest is at least one of a bacteria, yeast, fungus, virus, rheumatoid factor, IgG, IgM, IgA, IgD and IgE antibodies, carcinoembryonic antigen, streptococcus Group A antigen, viral antigens, antigens associated with autoimmune disease, allergens, tumor antigens, streptococcus group B antigen, HIV I or HIV II antigen, antibodies viruses, antigens specific to RSV, an antibody, antigen, enzyme, hormone, polysaccharide, protein, lipid, carbohydrate, drug, nucleic acid, Neisseria meningitides groups A, B, C, Y and W sub 135, Streptococcus pneumoniae, E. coil K1, Haemophilus influenza type A/B, an antigen derived from microorganisms, PSA and CRP antigens, a hapten, a drug of abuse, a therapeutic drug, an environmental agents, or antigens specific to Hepatitis.

14. A method of making a biosensor, comprising the steps of:

forming a receptive material layer generally uniformly over a surface of a substrate member, the layer containing a receptive material specific for an analyte of interest;

placing a mask over the substrate member, the mask having a configuration so as to cover at least one underlying area of the substrate member while exposing at least one adjacent area;

irradiating the substrate member and mask combination with an energy source sufficient to deactivate the receptive material in areas exposed by the mask;

removing the mask from the substrate member; and

wherein a resulting pattern of active and inactive areas of the receptive material are defined, the inactive areas corresponding to the areas exposed by the mask and the active areas corresponding to the areas underlying the mask such that when the biosensor is exposed to a medium containing the analyte of interest, the analyte binds to the receptive material in the active areas and subsequently facilitates diffraction of transmitted or reflected light in a diffraction pattern corresponding to the active areas.

15. The method as in claim 14, comprising selecting the substrate member from the group of materials consisting of plastics, metal coated plastics and glass, functionalized plastics and glass, silicon wafers, glass, and foils.

16. The method as in claim 14, wherein the substrate member comprises a polymer film coated with a metal.

17. The method as in claim 16, wherein the polymer film comprises polyethylene-terephthalate.

18. The method as in claim 16, comprising selecting the metal from the group consisting of gold, silver, chromium, nickel, platinum, aluminum, iron, copper, titanium, gold oxide, chromium oxide, silver oxide, and zirconium.

19. The method as in claim 16, wherein the metal is gold.

20. The method as in claim 19, comprising depositing the gold coating onto the polymer film at a thickness between about 1 nanometer and 1000 nanometers.

21. The method as in claim 14, comprising viewing the diffraction pattern of active areas with the naked eye.

22. The method as in claim 14, wherein the receptive material is protein based.

23. The method as in claim 22, wherein the receptive material is an antibody.

24. The method as in claim 14, comprising irradiating the substrate member with UV light at a wavelength sufficient for deactivating the receptive material exposed through the mask openings.

25. The method as in claim 14, comprising selecting the receptive material from at least one of antigens, antibodies, nucleotides, chelators, enzymes, bacteria, yeasts, fungi, viruses, bacterial pili, bacterial flagellar materials, nucleic acids, polysaccharides, lipids, proteins, carbohydrates, metals, hormones, aptamers, peptides, and respective receptors for said materials.

26. The method as in claim 14, wherein the analyte of interest is selected from at least one of a bacteria, yeast, fungus, virus, rheumatoid factor, IgG, IgM, IgA, IgD and IgE antibodies, carcinoembryonic antigen, streptococcus Group A antigen, viral antigens, antigens associated with autoimmune disease, allergens, tumor antigens, streptococcus group B antigen, HIV I or HIV II antigen, antibodies viruses, antigens specific to RSV, an antibody, antigen, enzyme, hormone, polysaccharide, protein, lipid, carbohydrate, drug, nucleic acid, Neisseria meningitides groups A, B, C, Y and W sub 135, Streptococcus pneumoniae, E. coli K1, Haemophilus influenza type A/B, an antigen derived from microorganisms, PSA and CRP antigens, a hapten, a drug of abuse, a therapeutic drug, an environmental agents, or antigens specific to Hepatitis.

27. The method as in claim 14, further comprising defining a plurality of openings through the mask in a desired pattern, the openings defining the pattern of inactive areas.