Ultracapacitor balancing circuit
First Claim
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1. An energy storage system comprising:
- at least one voltage source; and
a string of series connected cells, wherein each of said cells is connected to a circuit, wherein said circuit comprises;
at least one voltage reference;
at least one voltage divider, which establishes a trip point; and
at least one operational amplifier, wherein said at least one operational amplifier receives a first input from said voltage reference and a second input from said voltage divider and shunts an output through a power dissipative device when voltage of said cell exceeds said trip point.
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Abstract
The present invention provides an energy storage system comprising at least one voltage source, and a string of series connected cells, wherein each of the cells is connected to a circuit, wherein the circuit comprises at least one voltage reference, at least one voltage divider, which sets a trip point, and at least one operational amplifier, wherein at least one operational amplifier receives a first input from voltage reference and a second input from voltage divider and shunts an output through a power dissipative device when voltage of a cell exceeds said trip point.
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Citations
74 Claims
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1. An energy storage system comprising:
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at least one voltage source; and
a string of series connected cells, wherein each of said cells is connected to a circuit, wherein said circuit comprises;
at least one voltage reference;
at least one voltage divider, which establishes a trip point; and
at least one operational amplifier, wherein said at least one operational amplifier receives a first input from said voltage reference and a second input from said voltage divider and shunts an output through a power dissipative device when voltage of said cell exceeds said trip point. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20)
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21. An energy storage system comprising:
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at least one voltage source; and
a string of series connected cells, wherein each of said cells is connected to a circuit, wherein said circuit comprises;
at least one voltage reference;
at least one voltage divider, which establishes a trip point; and
at least one comparator, wherein said at least one comparator receives a first input from said voltage reference and a second input from said voltage divider and shunts an output through a power dissipative device when voltage of said cell exceeds said trip point. - View Dependent Claims (22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39)
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40. A method for accommodating mismatched capacitance of a string of series connected cells comprising the following steps:
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providing a trip point that is lower than a maximum rated voltage of said cell; and
bleeding energy from said cell, when said voltage across said cell exceeds said trip point, by using a circuit that comprises;
at least one voltage reference;
at least one voltage divider, which establishes a trip point; and
at least one operational amplifier, wherein said at least one operational amplifier receives a first input from said voltage reference and a second input from said voltage divider and shunts an output bleed current through a power dissipative device when voltage of said cell exceeds said trip point so that said voltage of said string of series connected cells remains in balance. - View Dependent Claims (41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58)
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59. A method for balancing capacitance of a string of series connected cells comprising the following steps:
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providing a trip point that is lower than a maximum rated voltage of said cell; and
bleeding energy from said cell when said voltage across said cell exceeds said trip point, by using a circuit that comprises;
at least one voltage reference for establishing said trip point; and
a power dissipative device for shunting an output through said power dissipative device when voltage of said cell exceeds said trip point so that said voltage of said string of series connected cells remains in balance, wherein said power dissipative device is connected in series with said at least one voltage reference. - View Dependent Claims (60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74)
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Specification