Dynamic time warping of speech
First Claim
1. A method comprising measuring first distances between (a) vectors belonging to a set of vectors that represent an utterance and (b) vectors belonging to a set of vectors that represent a template, the measuring being done in accordance with a first order of the utterance vectors a first order of the template vectors, and measuring second distances between (a) individual vectors belonging to the set of vectors that represent the utterance and (b) individual vectors belonging to the set of vectors that represent the template, the measuring being done in accordance with a second order of the utterance vectors and a second order of the template vectors, and in which the first template vector order and the second template vector order are different and/or the first utterance vector order and the second utterance vector order are different.
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Abstract
A method includes (i) measuring first distances between (a) vectors belonging to a set of vectors that represent an utterance and (b) vectors belonging to a set of vectors that represent a template, the measuring being done in accordance with a first order of the utterance vectors a first order of the template vectors, and (ii) measuring second distances between (a) individual vectors belonging to the set of vectors that represent the utterance and (b) individual vectors belonging to the set of vectors that represent the template, the measuring being done in accordance with a second order of the utterance vectors and a second order of the template vectors, and (iii) in which the first template vector order and the second template vector order are different and/or the first utterance vector order and the second utterance vector order are different. In another aspect, a method includes measuring distances between vectors that represent an utterance and vectors that represent a template, generating information indicative of how well the vectors of the utterance match the vectors of the template, and making a matching decision based on the measured distances and on the generated information.
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Citations
28 Claims
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1. A method comprising
measuring first distances between (a) vectors belonging to a set of vectors that represent an utterance and (b) vectors belonging to a set of vectors that represent a template, the measuring being done in accordance with a first order of the utterance vectors a first order of the template vectors, and measuring second distances between (a) individual vectors belonging to the set of vectors that represent the utterance and (b) individual vectors belonging to the set of vectors that represent the template, the measuring being done in accordance with a second order of the utterance vectors and a second order of the template vectors, and in which the first template vector order and the second template vector order are different and/or the first utterance vector order and the second utterance vector order are different.
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12. A method comprising
receiving an utterance, forming a time-ordered series of vectors repesenting the utterance, using dynamic time warping to score the utterance vectors against time-ordered series of vectors representing templates of possible utterances, the scoring being done using the template vectors and utterance vectors in their time order, using dynamic time warping to also score the utterance vectors against the vectors representing templates, the additional scoring being done using a different time-order of vectors of one or both of the template vectors, and selecting one of the templates as a match for the utterance based on both the scoring and the additional scoring.
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15. Apparatus comprising
an input port connected to receive digitized speech, and a speech recognizer configured to measuring first distances between (a) vectors belonging to a set of vectors that represent an utterance and (b) vectors belonging to a set of vectors that represent a template, the measuring being done in accordance with a first order of the utterance vectors a first order of the template vectors, and measuring second distances between (a) individual vectors belonging to the set of vectors that represent the utterance and (b) individual vectors belonging to the set of vectors that represent the template, the measuring being done in accordance with a second order of the utterance vectors and a second order of the template vectors, and in which the first template vector order and the second template vector order are different and/or the first utterance vector order and the second utterance vector order are different.
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16. Apparatus comprising
means for receiving digitized speech, means for recognizing speech including means for measuring first distances between (a) vectors belonging to a set of vectors that represent an utterance and (b) vectors belonging to a set of vectors that represent a template, the measuring being done in accordance with a first order of the utterance vectors a first order of the template vectors, and means for measuring second distances between (a) individual vectors belonging to the set of vectors that represent the utterance and (b) individual vectors belonging to the set of vectors that represent the template, the measuring being done in accordance with a second order of the utterance vectors and a second order of the template vectors, and in which the first template vector order and the second template vector order are different and/or the first utterance vector order and the second utterance vector order are different, and means for providing an output matching utterance.
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17. A medium carrying instructions adapted to cause a machine to
measuring first distances between (a) vectors belonging to a set of vectors that represent an utterance and (b) vectors belonging to a set of vectors that represent a template, the measuring being done in accordance with a first order of the utterance vectors a first order of the template vectors, and measuring second distances between (a) individual vectors belonging to the set of vectors that represent the utterance and (b) individual vectors belonging to the set of vectors that represent the template, the measuring being done in accordance with a second order of the utterance vectors and a second order of the template vectors, and in which the first template vector order and the second template vector order are different and/or the first utterance vector order and the second utterance vector order are different.
Specification