Chromogenic glazing
First Claim
1. A transparent chromogenic assembly, comprising:
- a. a pair of facing transparent substrates defining a cavity for enclosing an electrolyte medium;
facing surfaces of the substrates each having a conductive transparent coating, said conductive coating of at least one of said substrates being interrupted along a demarcation line having a thickness of at least 0.01 mm to insulate contiguous areas on opposite sides of said line from one another, the conductive coating of at least one of the substrates being overlain with an electrochromic layer; and
b. a set of busbars deposed toward the periphery of each of said areas.
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Accused Products
Abstract
A transparent chromogenic assembly in which color changes are selectively effectable over predefined areas comprises a pair of facing transparent substrates (15, 21, 28) each covered with a conductive layer divided into individual energizeable areas each provided with a set of busbars (187, 188). A passive layer may be superimposed over one of the substrates, its color being chosen so that the color and the transmissivity of the passive layer accommodates the range of color change and transmissivity of the electrochromic layer to maintain the transmitted color of the panel in a warm or neutral shade. Various other chromogenic windows, devices and systems are also disclosed.
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Citations
77 Claims
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1. A transparent chromogenic assembly, comprising:
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a. a pair of facing transparent substrates defining a cavity for enclosing an electrolyte medium;
facing surfaces of the substrates each having a conductive transparent coating, said conductive coating of at least one of said substrates being interrupted along a demarcation line having a thickness of at least 0.01 mm to insulate contiguous areas on opposite sides of said line from one another, the conductive coating of at least one of the substrates being overlain with an electrochromic layer; and
b. a set of busbars deposed toward the periphery of each of said areas. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18)
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19. A transparent chromogenic panel for use on the exterior of a transportation vehicle exposed to the weather requiring an average current less than 10 μ
- A/cm2 of active area to maintain any desired state of transmission at a temperature of up to 85°
C. for a duration of at least 8 hours. - View Dependent Claims (20, 21, 22, 23)
- A/cm2 of active area to maintain any desired state of transmission at a temperature of up to 85°
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24. A method of making an electrochromic panel having a pair of facing glass substrates forming a cell cavity for an electrolyte;
- facing surfaces of the substrates each having a conductive transparent coating where each of these faces is coated with ion-intercalatable electrodes, at least one of which is electrochromic, wherein one of said electrodes is reduced after the cell cavity is formed, comprising the steps of;
(a) filling said cavity with a reducing fluid medium containing at least one of an anodic and a cathodic redox material;
(b) applying a voltage at least once to reduce one of said electrodes;
(c) flushing the reducing liquid from the cavity; and
(d) filling said cavity with the electrolyte. - View Dependent Claims (25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36)
- facing surfaces of the substrates each having a conductive transparent coating where each of these faces is coated with ion-intercalatable electrodes, at least one of which is electrochromic, wherein one of said electrodes is reduced after the cell cavity is formed, comprising the steps of;
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37. A transparent chromogenic device with controlled variation of an area of coloration, said device comprising:
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(a) a pair of facing transparent substrates defining a cavity enclosing an electrolyte medium;
(b) facing surfaces of the substrates each having a conductive transparent coating;
(c) each conductive transparent coating having at least two bus bars in contact therewith, wherein each of said two bus bars contacting each conductive transparent coating are positioned in a spaced-apart relationship defining a portion of said device in which the area of coloration of said device is variably controlled; and
(d) a controller that provides a means for controlling the area of coloration by varying a voltage drop across said device. - View Dependent Claims (38, 39, 40, 41, 42)
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43. A transparent chromogenic device having both coloration and heating capability, said device comprising:
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(a) a pair of facing transparent conductors defining a cavity enclosing an electrolyte medium;
(b) a transparent substrate on an outer face of at least one of said transparent conductors;
(c) at least one transparent conductor having at least two bus bars in contact therewith, wherein said two bus bars contacting said transparent conductor are positioned in a spaced-apart relationship defining a portion of said device which may be colored or heated; and
(d) a controller that provides a means to selectively apply a voltage to color said device or heat said device. - View Dependent Claims (44, 45, 46, 47)
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48. A solar powered chromogenic window system comprising:
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(a) a chromogenic glazing;
(b) a solar power source for providing power to said chromogenic glazing; and
(c) either a central control system or user controlled interface that is in wireless communication with said solar power source.
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49. A front-side window of a vehicle having at least a chromogenic portion comprising:
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(a) a pair of facing transparent conductors with an electrolyte medium disposed therebetween in an area of said window defined by a look-through portion of said window for a driver of said vehicle looking at a side-view mirror of said vehicle;
(b) a transparent substrate on an outer face of at least one of said transparent conductors; and
(c) a set of busbars disposed toward at least a portion of the periphery of said area of each conductor. - View Dependent Claims (50, 51, 52)
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53. A chromogenic glazing having improved wireless signal transmission capability, said glazing comprising:
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(a) a pair of facing transparent conductors defining a cavity enclosing an electrolyte medium; and
(b) a transparent substrate on an outer face of at least one of said transparent conductors, wherein said improvement resides in the absence of the transparent conductors in a defined area or the inclusion of at least one optical transceiver in said device. - View Dependent Claims (54, 55, 56)
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57. A method of controlling the uniformity of appearance of a glazing comprised of a plurality of chromogenic panels, said method comprising the steps of:
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(a) receiving image data from at least one optical sensor individually scanning said chromogenic panels;
(b) using said image data to adjust the power supplied to each individual chromogenic panel to a predetermined light transmission value. - View Dependent Claims (58, 59)
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60. A chromogenic glazing system comprising:
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(a) at least one chromogenic glazing communicating with a control system;
(b) a photosensor that communicates with said control system; and
(c) a temperature sensor that communicates with said control system, wherein data received by said control system from said photosensor and temperature sensor is processed to select a predetermined amount of power to be supplied to said chromogenic glazing. - View Dependent Claims (61, 62)
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63. A chromogenic window comprising:
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(a) a non-polarizing chromogenic layer disposed between two transparent conductors;
(b) a transparent substrate on an outer face of at least one of said transparent conductors; and
(c) at least one coating or layer selected from the group consisting of;
(i) at least one polarizing filter;
(ii) a self-cleaning coating; and
(iii) a hydrophilic coating. - View Dependent Claims (64, 65, 66)
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67. A chromogenic device comprising:
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(a) a pair of facing conductors defining a cavity enclosing an electrolyte medium wherein at least one of said conductors is transparent; and
(b) a transparent substrate on an outer face of at least one of said transparent conductors, wherein said substrate is a glass substrate comprised of phosphate or is laminated with a phosphate containing material. - View Dependent Claims (68, 69)
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70. A chromogenic device comprising:
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(a) a pair of facing conductors defining a cavity enclosing an electrolyte medium, wherein at least one of said conductors is transparent; and
(b) a transparent substrate on an outer face of at least one of said transparent conductors, wherein said substrate is a glass substrate comprised of a rare earth oxide selected from the group consisting of neodymium oxide, erbium oxide, ytterbium oxide or mixtures thereof. - View Dependent Claims (71, 72)
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73. A method of sealing fill holes in a chromogenic assembly having a glass substrate comprising the step of covering each of said holes with a metal cap, wherein the difference between the linear thermal expansion coefficient of the glass substrate and the metal cap is less than 5×
- 10−
6 cm/cm/°
C. when measured between 25 and 300°
C.
- 10−
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74. A chromogenic assembly comprising:
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(a) a pair of facing conductors defining a cavity enclosing an electrolyte medium wherein at least one of said conductors is transparent; and
(b) a transparent substrate on an outer face of at least one of said transparent conductors, wherein said transparent substrate is a strengthened substrate or a strengthened transparent substrate is laminated to said transparent substrate. - View Dependent Claims (75, 76)
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77. A chromogenic window comprising:
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(a) chromogenic layer disposed between two transparent conductors;
(b) a transparent substrate on an outer face of at least one of said transparent conductors; and
(c) at least one laminated layer on an outer surface of said window selected from the group consisting of;
(i) a glass breakage sensing layer;
(ii) an antenna layer;
(iii) a heater layer;
or(iv) a bullet proof layer.
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Specification