Large surface area electrode and method to produce same

• US 20040003993A1
• Filed: 07/03/2003
• Published: 01/08/2004
• Est. Priority Date: 05/14/2001
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Oleh Weres
• Original Assignee: Oʼdonnel, Henry Edward, Oleh Weres
• Inventors: OʼDonnel, Henry Edward, Weres, Oleh
• Granted Patent: US 7,077,937 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 204/290.01
• CPC Class Codes: C02F 1/46109 Electrodes
• CPC Class Codes: C02F 1/4672 by electrooxydation
• CPC Class Codes: C02F 2001/46142 Catalytic coating
• CPC Class Codes: C25B 11/02 characterised by shape or form
• CPC Class Codes: C25B 11/091 consisting of at least one catalytic element and at least one catalytic compound; consisting of two or more catalytic elements or catalytic compounds
• CPC Class Codes: C25B 11/093 at least one noble metal or noble metal oxide and at least one non-noble metal oxide
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 29/49801 Shaping fiber or fibered material
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 29/49812 Temporary protective coating, impregnation, or cast layer
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/12424 Mass of only fibers
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/12431 Foil or filament smaller than 6 mils

Abstract

A large surface area electrode well-suited to electrochemical applications is produced by winding many turns of a metallic fiber tow on to a sheet metal rectangle. In the preferred embodiment, an anode that can be used to purify water by electrochemical production of hydroxyl free radical is made by winding titanium fiber tow on to a rectangular substrate made of titanium sheet, and applying a suitable multilayered electrocatalytic coating. Made of other metals, an electrode of this description can also serve as the cathode of an electrochemical cell, or as a battery plaque.

Claims

1. A large surface area electrode comprising

a substrate member having current collecting ability and

metallic fiber having a surface,

wherein said metallic fiber is disposed upon said substrate member in a wound manner, whereby said large surface area electrode has large active surface area is easy to manufacture.

2. The large surface area electrode of claim 1, wherein said metallic fiber is a metallic fiber tow comprising a multiplicity of fine metallic fibers.

3. The large surface area electrode of claim 2, wherein said substrate member is essentially a flat piece of sheet metal.

4. The large surface area electrode of claim 3, wherein at least part of said surface of said metallic fiber tow is covered with an electrocatalytic coating having an outermost surface composition.

5. The large surface area electrode of claim 4, wherein said metallic fiber tow has a composition selected from the class consisting of titanium and titanium alloys.

6. The large surface area electrode of claim 5, wherein said outermost surface composition comprises titanium dioxide doped with one or more additive metals selected from the group consisting of niobium in the +4 valence state, tantalum in the +4 valence state, and antimony,

whereby an electrode useful for water purification is produced.

7. The large surface area electrode of claim 5, wherein said electrocatalytic coating contains at least one platinum group metal.

8. The large surface area electrode of claim 1, wherein said metallic fiber comprises one or more fine wires having a surface and having a composition chosen from the class consisting of titanium and titanium alloys, and

at least part of said surface of said fine wires is coated with an electrocatalytic coating containing at least one platinum group metal.

9. The large surface area electrode of claim 2, wherein said metallic fiber tow is crimped.

whereby an advantageously fluffy electrode structure is provided.

10. The large surface area electrode of claim 2, further provided with electrical contact enhancement means.

11. The large surface area electrode of claim 10, wherein said large surface area electrode has edges, and said electrical contact enhancement means comprise edge strips applied to said edges.

12. The large surface area electrode of claim 10, wherein said electrical contact enhancement means comprise nonconconductive spacers disposed adjacently to said large surface area electrode.

13. The large surface area electrode of claim 2, further provided with electrical isolation means.

14. The large surface area electrode of claim 13, wherein said electrical isolation means comprise at least one layer of a nonconductive mesh having a composition and disposed adjacently to said large surface area electrode.

15. The large surface area electrode of claim 14, wherein said composition of said nonconductive mesh is chosen from the class consisting of polypropylene, polyethylene and vinyl coated fiberglass.

16. The large surface area electrode of claim 3, wherein said metallic fiber tow comprises essentially a single layer of said metallic fiber tow covering at least a part of said substrate member.

17. A method to produce a large surface area electrode, comprising the step of winding multiple turns of a metallic fiber tow on to a metallic substrate member having a substantially planar geometry.

18. The method of claim 17, with the precursor step of mechanically crimping said metallic fiber tow prior to winding it on to said metallic substrate member.

19. The method of claim 17, with the subsequent step of applying an electrocatalytic coating to said large surface area electrode.

20. The method of claim 17, with the precursor step of applying an electrocatalytic coating to said metallic fiber tow.