Method and system for managing credit-related and exchange rate-related risk
First Claim
1. A method for managing risk for a plurality of contracts offered for trading in a plurality of systems, a contract of the plurality of contracts being offered for a trade in a first system, the method comprising the steps of:
- determining whether a matching trade in a second system of the plurality of systems is possible, a rate differential existing between the first system and the second system, the rate differential resulting in a hedging cost between the first system and the second system for the contract, a complete set including the plurality of contracts, each of the plurality of contracts maturing upon at least one particular event occurring, the complete set guaranteeing at least an initial settlement at at least one particular time, the complete set corresponding to a settlement value, the settlement value being based upon the initial settlement value, a winning contract of the plurality of contracts paying a notional upon maturing;
determining whether conducting a portion of the trade and a portion of the matching trade is profitable; and
performing the portion of the trade and the portion of the matching trade if conducting the portion of the trade and the portion of the matching trade is profitable.
1 Assignment
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Accused Products
Abstract
A method and system for managing risk for contracts offered for trading in systems is disclosed. A complete set of contracts includes the contracts, each of which matures upon event(s) occurring. The complete set guarantees at least an initial settlement value at at least one particular time. The complete set also corresponds to a settlement value, which is based upon the initial settlement value and an, preferably, interest rate effect, if any. A winning contract pays a notional upon maturing. Rate differential(s) between systems, and hedging costs exist. In one aspect, the method and system include determining whether a matching trade in a second system for a trade in a first system is possible, determining whether conducting the trades is profitable and, if so, performing these trades. In another aspect, the method and system determine whether individually selling the contract(s) is profitable given the rate differential. If so, the method and system also include obtaining the complete set and individually selling the contract(s). In another aspect the method and system include determining whether assembling the complete set is profitable given the rate differential. If so, the method and system include assembling the complete set and exchanging the complete set for the settlement value.
60 Citations
46 Claims
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1. A method for managing risk for a plurality of contracts offered for trading in a plurality of systems, a contract of the plurality of contracts being offered for a trade in a first system, the method comprising the steps of:
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determining whether a matching trade in a second system of the plurality of systems is possible, a rate differential existing between the first system and the second system, the rate differential resulting in a hedging cost between the first system and the second system for the contract, a complete set including the plurality of contracts, each of the plurality of contracts maturing upon at least one particular event occurring, the complete set guaranteeing at least an initial settlement at at least one particular time, the complete set corresponding to a settlement value, the settlement value being based upon the initial settlement value, a winning contract of the plurality of contracts paying a notional upon maturing;
determining whether conducting a portion of the trade and a portion of the matching trade is profitable; and
performing the portion of the trade and the portion of the matching trade if conducting the portion of the trade and the portion of the matching trade is profitable. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29)
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30. A method for managing risk for a plurality of contracts offered for trading in a plurality of systems, a contract of the plurality of contracts being offered for a trade in a first system, the method comprising the steps of:
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determining whether it is profitable to individually sell the contract and a portion of the plurality of contracts, the portion of the plurality of contracts corresponding to at least one bid, if any, the at least one bid being in at least a second system, at least one rate differential existing between the first system and the at least the second system, the rate differential resulting in the at least one hedging cost between the first system and the at least the second system, a complete set including the plurality of contracts, the complete set guaranteeing at least an initial settlement value at at least one particular time, the complete set also corresponding to a settlement value, the settlement value being based upon the initial settlement value,;
obtaining the complete set of contracts, if individually selling the contract and the portion of the plurality of contracts is profitable; and
individually selling the contract and the portion of the plurality of contracts, if individually selling the contract and the portion of the plurality of contracts is profitable. - View Dependent Claims (31, 32)
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33. A method for managing risk for a plurality of contracts offered for trading in a plurality of systems, a contract of the plurality of contracts being offered for a trade in a first system, the trade being an offer to sell at a particular price, the method comprising the steps of:
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determining whether individually buying the contract at the particular price and a remaining portion of the plurality of contracts is profitable, the at least one bid being in at least a second system, at least one rate differential existing between the first system and the at least the second system, the rate differential resulting in the at least one hedging cost between the first system and the at least the second system, a complete set including the plurality of contracts, the complete set guaranteeing at least an initial settlement value at at least one particular time, the complete set also corresponding to a settlement value, the settlement value being based upon the initial settlement value, a winning contract of the plurality of contracts paying a notional upon maturing;
assembling the complete set by buying the contract and the remaining portion of the plurality of contracts, if required, if individually buying the contract and the remaining portion of the plurality of contracts and exchanging the complete set is profitable; and
exchanging the complete set for the settlement value, if profitable. - View Dependent Claims (34, 35)
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36. A computer-readable medium containing a program for managing risk for a plurality of contracts offered for trading in a plurality of systems, a contract of the plurality of contracts being offered for a trade in a first system, the program including instructions for:
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determining whether a matching trade in a second system of the plurality of systems is possible, a rate differential existing between the first system and the second system, the rate differential resulting in a hedging cost between the first system and the second system for the contract, a complete set including the plurality of contracts, the complete set guaranteeing at least an initial settlement value at at least one particular time, the complete set also corresponding to a settlement value, the settlement value being based upon the initial settlement value, a winning contract of the plurality of contracts paying a notional upon maturing;
determining whether conducting a portion of the trade and a portion of the matching trade is profitable; and
performing the portion of the trade and the portion of the matching trade if conducting the portion of the trade and the portion of the matching trade is profitable. - View Dependent Claims (37, 38, 39)
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40. A computer-readable medium containing a program for managing risk for a plurality of contracts offered for trading in a plurality of systems, a contract of the plurality of contracts being offered for a trade in a first system, the program including instructions for:
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determining whether it is profitable to individually sell the contract and a portion of the plurality of contracts, the portion of the plurality of contracts corresponding to at least one bid, if any, the at least one bid being in at least a second system, at least one rate differential existing between the first system and the at least the second system, the rate differential resulting in the at least one hedging cost between the first system and the at least the second system, the complete set guaranteeing at least an initial settlement value at at least one particular time, the complete set also corresponding to a settlement value, the settlement value being based upon the initial settlement value, a winning contract of the plurality of contracts paying a notional upon maturing;
obtaining the complete set of contracts, if individually selling the contract and the portion of the plurality of contracts is profitable; and
individually selling the contract and the portion of the plurality of contracts, if individually selling the contract and the portion of the plurality of contracts is profitable.
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41. A computer-readable medium containing a program for managing risk for a plurality of contracts offered for trading in a plurality of systems, a contract of the plurality of contracts being offered for a trade in a first system, the trade being an offer to sell at a particular price, the program containing instructions for:
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determining whether individually buying the contract at the particular price and a remaining portion of the plurality of contracts is profitable, the at least one bid being in at least a second system, at least one rate differential existing between the first system and the at least the second system, the rate differential resulting in the at least one hedging cost between the first system and the at least the second system, a complete set including the plurality of contracts the complete set guaranteeing at least an initial settlement value at at least one particular time, the complete set also corresponding to a settlement value, the settlement value being based upon the initial settlement value, a winning contract of the plurality of contracts paying a notional upon maturing;
assembling the complete set by buying the contract and the remaining portion of the plurality of contracts, if required, if individually buying the contract and the remaining portion of the plurality of contracts and exchanging the complete set is profitable; and
exchanging the complete set for the settlement value, if profitable. - View Dependent Claims (42)
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43. A special purpose vehicle (SPV) for managing risk for a plurality of contracts offered for trading in a plurality of systems, a contract of the plurality of contracts being offered for a trade in a first system, the SVP comprising:
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means for determining whether a matching trade for the contract in a second system of the plurality of systems is possible, a rate differential existing between the first system and the second system, the rate differential resulting in a hedging cost between the first system and the second system for the contract, a complete set including the plurality of contracts, the complete set guaranteeing at least an initial settlement value at at least one particular time, the complete set also corresponding to a settlement value, the settlement value being based upon the initial settlement value, a winning contract of the plurality of contracts paying a notional upon maturing;
means, coupled with the matching trade determining means, for determining whether conducting a portion of the trade and a portion of the matching trade is profitable; and
means, coupled with the profit determining means, for performing the portion of the trade and the portion of the matching trade, if the profitable. - View Dependent Claims (44)
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45. A special purpose vehicle (SPV) for managing risk for a plurality of contracts offered for trading in a plurality of systems, a contract of the plurality of contracts being offered for a trade in a first system, the SPV comprising:
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means for determining whether it is profitable to individually sell the contract and a portion of the plurality of contracts, the portion of the plurality of contracts corresponding to at least one bid, if any, the at least one bid being in at least a second system, at least one rate differential existing between the first system and the at least the second system, the rate differential resulting in the at least one hedging cost between the first system and the at least the second system, a complete set including the plurality of contracts, the complete set guaranteeing at least an initial settlement value at at least one particular time, the complete set also corresponding to a settlement value, the settlement value being based upon the initial settlement value and an interest rate effect, if any, a winning contract of the plurality of contracts paying a notional upon maturing;
means for obtaining the complete set of contracts, if it is profitable to individually sell the contract and the portion of the plurality of contracts; and
means for individually selling the contract and the portion of the plurality of contracts, if it is profitable to individually sell the contract and the portion of the plurality of contracts.
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46. A special purpose vehicle (SPV) for managing risk for a plurality of contracts offered for trading in a plurality of systems, a contract of the plurality of contracts being offered for a trade in a first system, the trade being an offer to sell at a particular price, the SPV comprising:
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means for determining whether individually buying the contract at the particular price and a remaining portion of the plurality of contracts is profitable, the at least one bid being in at least a second system, at least one rate differential existing between the first system and the at least the second system, the rate differential resulting in the at least one hedging cost between the first system and the at least the second system, a complete set including the plurality of contracts, the complete set guaranteeing at least an initial settlement value at at least one particular time, the complete set also corresponding to a settlement value, the settlement value being based upon the initial settlement value and an interest rate effect, if any, a winning contract of the plurality of contracts paying a notional upon maturing;
means for assembling the complete set by individually buying the contract and the remaining portion of the plurality of contracts, if required, if it is profitable to individually buy the contract and the remaining portion of the plurality of contracts; and
means for exchanging the complete set for the settlement value, if it is profitable to individually buy the contract and the remaining portion of the plurality of contracts and exchange the contract and the remaining portion if the plurality of contracts for the settlement value.
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Specification