System and method for binding virtual machines to hardware contexts

• US 20040010788A1
• Filed: 07/12/2002
• Published: 01/15/2004
• Est. Priority Date: 07/12/2002
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Intel Corporation
• Original Assignee: Intel Corporation
• Inventors: Neiger, Gilbert, Uhlig, Richard A., Campbell, Randolph L., Cota-Robles, Erik C., Hall, Clifford D.
• Granted Patent: US 7,296,267 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 718/1
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 9/45533 Hypervisors; Virtual machine monitors
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 9/5044 considering hardware capabilities
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 9/505 considering the load

Abstract

System and method for binding virtual machines to hardware contexts. A method includes obtaining resource requirements for a plurality of virtual machines, and binding one or more of the plurality of virtual machines to one or more of a plurality of hardware contexts associated with a processor based upon the resource requirements. The resource requirements may be the bandwidth and latency of the virtual machines. The method may be implemented as software on a storage device on a computing device having a processor that supports multiple hardware contexts. The method is particularly beneficial for real-time virtual machines.

Claims

1. A method comprising:

obtaining resource requirements for a plurality of virtual machines; and

binding one or more of the plurality of virtual machines to one or more of a plurality of hardware contexts associated with a processor based upon the resource requirements.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein the resource requirements include a bandwidth and a latency for each of the virtual machines.

3. The method of claim 1 wherein the virtual machines are real-time virtual machines.

4. The method of claim 1 further comprising:

determining whether each virtual machine of the virtual machines is a candidate for binding to one of the hardware contexts based on the resource requirements of each of the virtual machines.

5. The method of claim 4 wherein determining comprises:

evaluating an efficiency of executing each of the virtual machines on a single hardware context.

6. The method of claim 5 wherein evaluating the efficiency comprises:

evaluating the single context execution time for each of the virtual machines; and

dividing the single context execution time for each of the virtual machines by a latency of the virtual machine.

7. The method of claim 5 further comprising:

selecting a group of candidate virtual machines based on a latency of and the efficiency of each of the virtual machines.

8. The method of claim 7 wherein binding is performed when at least one of the following is satisfied:

the latency of at least one of the virtual machines of the group of candidate virtual machines is below a system specified maximum latency; and

the efficiency of at least one of the virtual machines of the group of candidate virtual machines is greater than a system specified minimum efficiency.

9. The method of claim 1 further comprising:

grouping those virtual machines that have execution periods that are multiples of each other; and

assigning each of one or more groups of virtual machines having execution periods that are multiples of each other to a single hardware context of the plurality of hardware contexts.

10. The method of claim 9 wherein assigning comprises:

evaluating the footprint of each of the virtual machines in each of the one or more groups of virtual machines having execution periods that are multiples of each other such that the assigning does not exceed an amount of available resources.

11. A method comprising:

evaluating the bandwidth of each of a plurality of virtual machines;

evaluating the latency of each of the virtual machines;

determining whether each of the virtual machines are candidates for binding to one of a plurality of hardware contexts associated with a processor based on the latency and the bandwidth of each of the virtual machines; and

binding at least one of a plurality of the candidate virtual machines to one of the hardware contexts.

12. The method of claim 11 wherein determining comprises:

evaluating an efficiency of executing each of the virtual machines on a single hardware context.

13. The method of claim 12 wherein evaluating the efficiency comprises:

evaluating the single context execution time for each of the virtual machines; and

dividing the single context execution time for each of the virtual machines by the latency of the virtual machine.

14. The method of claim 12 further comprising:

selecting a group of candidate virtual machines based on the latency and the efficiency of each of the virtual machines.

15. The method of claim 12 wherein binding is performed when at least one of the following is satisfied:

the latency of the at least one of the candidate virtual machines is below a system specified maximum latency; and

the efficiency of the at least one of the best candidate virtual machines is greater than a system specified minimum efficiency.

16. The method of claim 11 further comprising:

grouping those virtual machines that have execution periods that are multiples of each other; and

assigning each of one or more groups of virtual machines having execution periods that are multiples of each other to a single hardware context of the plurality of hardware contexts.

17. The method of claim 16 wherein assigning comprises:

evaluating the footprint of each of the virtual machines in each of the one or more groups of virtual machines having execution periods that are multiples of each other such that the assigning does not exceed the amount of available resources.

18. A system comprising a processor having a plurality of hardware contexts, a storage device, and a memory each coupled to a bus, the storage device including instructions which when executed by the processor cause the system to perform operations comprising:

obtaining resource requirements for a plurality of virtual machines; and

allocating one or more of the plurality of virtual machines to one or more of the plurality of hardware contexts associated with the processor based upon the resource requirements.

19. The system of claim 18 wherein the resource requirements include a bandwidth and a latency for each of the virtual machines.

20. The system of claim 18 wherein the storage device includes further instructions which when executed by the processor cause the system to perform further operations comprising:

determining whether each virtual machine of the virtual machines is a candidate for binding to one of the hardware contexts based on the resource requirements of each of the virtual machines.

21. The system of claim 20 wherein determining comprises:

evaluating an efficiency of executing each of the virtual machines on a single hardware context.

22. The system of claim 21 wherein evaluating the efficiency comprises:

evaluating the single context execution time for each of the virtual machines; and

dividing the single context execution time for each of the virtual machines by a latency of the virtual machine.

23. The system of claim 21 wherein the storage device includes further instructions which when executed by the processor cause the system to perform further operations comprising:

selecting a group of candidate virtual machines based on a latency of and the efficiency of each of the virtual machines.

24. The system of claim 23 wherein allocating is performed when at least one of the following is satisfied:

the latency of at least one of the virtual machines of the group of candidate virtual machines is below a system specified maximum latency; and

the efficiency of at least one of the virtual machines of the group of candidate virtual machines is greater than a system specified minimum efficiency.

25. The system of claim of claim 18 wherein the storage device includes further instructions which when executed by the processor cause the system to perform further operations comprising:

grouping those virtual machines that have execution periods that are multiples of each other; and

assigning each of one or more groups of virtual machines having execution periods that are multiples of each other to a single hardware context of the plurality of hardware contexts.

26. The system of claim 25 wherein assigning comprises:

evaluating the footprint of each of the virtual machines in each of the one or more groups of virtual machines having execution periods that are multiples of each other such that the assigning does not exceed an amount of available resources.

27. A machine readable medium having instructions stored thereon which when executed by a processor cause the processor to perform operations comprising:

evaluating the resource requirements for a plurality of virtual machines; and

allocating one or more of the plurality of virtual machines to one or more of the plurality of hardware contexts associated with the processor based upon the resource requirements.

28. The machine readable medium of claim 27 wherein the resource requirements include a bandwidth and a latency for each of the virtual machines.

29. The machine readable medium of claim 27 having further instructions which when executed by the processor cause the processor to perform further operations comprising:

determining whether each virtual machine of the virtual machines is a candidate for binding to one of the hardware contexts based on the resource requirements of each of the virtual machines.

30. The machine readable medium of claim 29 wherein determining comprises:

computing an efficiency of executing each of the virtual machines on a single hardware context.

31. The machine readable medium of claim 30 wherein computing the efficiency comprises:

obtaining the single context execution time for each of the virtual machines; and

dividing the single context execution time for each of the virtual machines by a latency of the virtual machine.

32. The machine readable medium of claim 27 wherein allocating comprises:

selecting a group of candidate virtual machines based on a latency of each of the virtual machines and on efficiency of executing each of the virtual machines on a single hardware context.

33. The machine readable medium of claim 27 wherein allocating is performed when at least one of the following is satisfied:

a latency of at least one of the virtual machines is below a system specified maximum latency; and

an efficiency of executing at least one of the virtual machines on a single hardware context is greater than a system specified minimum efficiency.

34. The machine readable medium of claim 27 wherein allocating comprises:

grouping those virtual machines that have execution periods that are multiples of each other; and

assigning each of one or more groups of virtual machines having execution periods that are multiples of each other to a single hardware context of the plurality of hardware contexts.

35. The machine readable medium of claim 34 wherein assigning comprises:

evaluating the footprint of each of the virtual machines in each of the one or more groups of virtual machines having execution periods that are multiples of each other such that the assigning does not exceed an amount of available resources.