Fuel cell assembly for portable electronic device and interface, control, and regulator circuit for fuel cell powered electronic device

• US 20040013927A1
• Filed: 12/03/2002
• Published: 01/22/2004
• Est. Priority Date: 06/01/2001
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Polyfuel, Inc.
• Original Assignee: Polyfuel, Inc.
• Inventors: Salamini, Alexey, Lawrence, Craig, MacGregor, Bruce, Bliven, David
• Granted Patent: US 7,316,855 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 429/34
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 2250/30 Fuel cells in portable systems, e.g. mobile phone, laptop
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/04186 of liquid-charged or electrolyte-charged reactants
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/04201 Reactant storage and supply, e.g. means for feeding, pipes
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/04208 Cartridges, cryogenic media or cryogenic reservoirs
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/04559 of fuel cell stacks
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/04597 of auxiliary devices, e.g. batteries, capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/04865 Voltage
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/0488 of fuel cell stacks
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/0491 of fuel cell stacks
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/0494 of fuel cell stacks
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/1011 Direct alcohol fuel cells [DAFC], e.g. direct methanol fuel cells [DMFC]
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 90/10 Applications of fuel cells in buildings
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/50 Fuel cells

Abstract

A fuel cell assembly including a membrane electrode assembly, an anode plate, a cathode plate, a removable fuel cartridge, and a fuel delivery system. The assembly includes an anode, a cathode, and a polymer electrolyte membrane having a fuel side and an oxygen side. The fuel cartridge includes an expandable fuel bladder for receiving liquid fuel, an expandable pressure member in contact with the bladder for maintaining a positive pressure on the bladder, and a sealable exit port in fluid communication with the bladder. The fuel delivery system delivers fuel from the cartridge to the fuel side of the membrane. The removable fuel cartridge includes a rigid fuel container having a first container portion and a second container portion permanently enclosing the expandable fuel bladder and the expandable pressure member. The first container portion and the second container portion may be permanently affixed to one another with an adhesive.

Claims

1. A removable fuel cartridge for a liquid fuel cell assembly comprising:

an expandable fuel bladder for receiving liquid fuel;

an expandable pressure member in contact with said bladder for maintaining a positive pressure on said bladder;

a rigid fuel container having a first container portion and a second container portion enclosing said expandable fuel bladder and said expandable pressure member; and

an exit port in fluid communication with said bladder and extending through said rigid fuel container;

wherein said first and second container portions are permanently affixed together.

2. The removable fuel cartridge of claim 1 wherein said liquid fuel cell assembly is a direct methanol fuel cell assembly and said liquid fuel is methanol.

3. The removable fuel cartridge of claim 1 wherein said expandable fuel bladder is formed of a sheet plastic material.

4. The removable fuel cartridge of claim 1 wherein said expandable pressure member is a compressed foam member.

5. The removable fuel cartridge of claim 1 wherein said expandable pressure member is a spring plate.

6. The removable fuel cartridge of claim 1 wherein an adhesive permanently affixes said container portions together.

7. The removable fuel cartridge of claim 1 wherein said first and second container portions are welded together.

8. The removable fuel cartridge of claim 1 wherein said first and second container portions define a primary chamber and a secondary chamber, said primary chamber enclosing said expandable fuel bladder and said expandable pressure member and said secondary camber enclosing at least one of an air filter, an ion exchange column, and a fan.

9. A fuel cell assembly for a portable electronic device comprising:

membrane electrode assembly including an anode, a cathode, and a polymer electrolyte membrane having a fuel side and an oxygen side;

a removable fuel cartridge including an expandable fuel bladder for receiving liquid fuel, an expandable pressure member in contact with said bladder for maintaining a positive pressure on said bladder, a rigid fuel container having a first container portion and a second container portion enclosing said expendable fuel bladder and said expandable pressure member, and an exit port in fluid communication with said bladder and extending through said rigid fuel container, wherein said first and second are permanently affixed together; and

a fuel delivery system for delivering fuel from said cartridge to said fuel side of said membrane, said fuel delivery system engageable with said port for fluidly connecting said bladder to said fuel side of said membrane.

10. The fuel cell assembly of claim 9 wherein said anode is in electrical communication with said first catalyst and said cathode is in electrical communication with said second catalyst.

11. The fuel cell assembly of claim 9 wherein said wherein said expandable fuel bladder is formed of a sheet plastic material, said sheet plastic material is impervious to methanol.

12. The fuel cell assembly of claim 9 wherein said expandable pressure member is a compressed foam member.

13. The fuel cell assembly of claim 9 wherein an adhesive permanently affixes said container portions together.

14. The fuel cell assembly of claim 9 further comprising an enclosure adapted to engage a cellular phone body of a cellular phone, said fuel cell assembly adapted to replace a battery for the cellular phone.

15. A liquid fuel cell assembly for a portable electronic device comprising:

a membrane electrode assembly including an anode, a cathode, and a polymer electrolyte membrane having a fuel side and an oxygen side;

an anode plate including a fuel chamber fluidly connected to said fuel side of said membrane;

a removable fuel cartridge fluidly connected to said fuel chamber, said removable fuel cartridge including an expandable fuel bladder for receiving liquid fuel, an expandable pressure member in contact with said bladder for maintaining a positive pressure on said bladder, a rigid fuel container having a first container portion and a second container portion enclosing said expendable fuel bladder and said expandable pressure member, and an exit port in fluid communication with said bladder and extending through said rigid fuel container, wherein said first and second are permanently affixed together; and

a cathode plate including an oxygen port extending therethrough for providing air to said oxygen side of said membrane.

16. The liquid fuel cell assembly of claim 15 wherein an adhesive permanently affixes said container portions together.

17. The liquid fuel cell assembly of claim 15 wherein said container portions first and second container portions are welded together.

18. A power pack specifically adapted to replace a battery for a cellular phone having a cellular phone body, said power pack comprising:

a fuel cell assembly;

a removable fuel cartridge for providing fuel to said fuel cell assembly, said removable fuel cartridge including an expandable fuel bladder for receiving liquid fuel, an expandable pressure member in contact with said bladder for maintaining a positive pressure on said bladder, a rigid fuel container having a first container portion and a second container portion enclosing said expendable fuel bladder and said expandable pressure member, and an exit port in fluid communication with said bladder and extending through said rigid fuel container, wherein said first and second are permanently affixed together; and

a housing adapted to removably engage the cellular phone body, said housing enclosing said fuel cell assembly and said fuel cartridge.

19. The power pack of claim 18 wherein an adhesive permanently affixes said container portions together.

20. The power pack of claim 18 wherein said fuel cartridge is specifically adapted for use with a power pack specifically designed for a specific model of a cellular phone.