System and method for authentication of JPEG image data

• US 20040015697A1
• Filed: 07/22/2002
• Published: 01/22/2004
• Est. Priority Date: 07/22/2002
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Xerox Corporation (Xerox Holdings Corp.)
• Original Assignee: Xerox Corporation (Xerox Holdings Corp.)
• Inventors: de Queiroz, Ricardo L.
• Granted Patent: US 7,360,093 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 713/176
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 1/0042 Fragile watermarking, e.g. so as to detect tampering
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 2201/0052 Embedding of the watermark in the frequency domain
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 1/32144 embedded in the image data, i.e. enclosed or integrated in the image, e.g. watermark, super-imposed logo or stamp
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 1/3217 using wavelet transforms
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 1/32187 with selective or adaptive application of the additional information, e.g. in selected frequency coefficients
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 1/32277 Compression
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 1/32304 Embedding different sets of additional information
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 2201/3236 Details of authentication information generation
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 2201/3239 using a plurality of different authentication information
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 2201/327 which are undetectable to the naked eye, e.g. embedded codes

Abstract

What has been disclosed is a system and method for authentication of JPEG image data prior to transmission to an intended recipient which enables the recipient to ascertain whether the received image file originated from a known identified source or whether the contents of the file have been altered in some fashion prior to receipt. In accordance to the present invention, to encode verification information a unique hashing function is derived from a first section of image data contained in the JPEG compressed image in such a way that any changes subsequently made to said first section of image data would be reflected in a different hashing function being derived therefrom. An integrity checking number is produced from the first section'"'"'s derived hashing function. The integrity checking number is subsequently encrypted into a signature string. The signature string is then embedded into a next section of the image data. The process is repeated until all sections of image data have been processed. The signature string corresponding to the very last section of data is self-embedded therein. As the embedding of a previous section'"'"'s integrity checking number is done without modifying the JPEG bit stream any JPEG decoder found in the arts can thereafter properly decode the image. The image file is then transmitted to an intended recipient. To decode the embedded verification information upon receipt of the JPEG image file by the recipient a hashing function is computed by the recipient from a first section of image data contained in the received image file. A second section of data is identified wherein the signature string for the first section of data had been embedded. The signature is then decoded from the data. The signature string is thereafter decrypted to yield the hashing function (integrity checking) number contained therein. The two numbers are then compared against each other. If the first checking number matches the number contained in retrieved signature string which had been previously embedded therein by the author then it can be ascertained that the image data for that first section is authentic. The process is repeated for each successive section of data until all the data sections of the image file have been processed.

Claims

1. A system for authentication of JPEG compressed image data on multi-function equipment comprising:

means for receiving said JPEG image data; and

a CPU and MEMORY sufficient to enable the encoding steps of;

a) deriving a hashing function from a first section of JPEG compressed image data such that any changes subsequently made to said section of data would be reflected in a different hashing function being derived therefrom producing an integrity checking number;

b) encrypting said integrity checking number into a signature string;

c) embedding said encrypted signature string into a second section of data;

d) repeating steps A-D until the last section of image data is reached; and

e) self-embedding the signature string corresponding to the very last data section into the data itself.

2. A system as defined in claim 1 wherein said encoding step of embedding comprises modifying the LSB of the DCT coefficient of the derived hashing function in order to maintain a parity of the sum of coefficients within a block or within a plurality of blocks in the JPEG compressed image.

3. A system as defined in claim 1 wherein said encoding step of embedding comprises modifying the LSTB of the WT coefficient of the derived hashing function in order to maintain a parity of the sum of coefficients within a block or within a plurality of blocks in the JPEG compressed image.

4. A system as defined in claim 1 wherein said encoding step of encrypting comprises a PGP method.

5. A system as defined in claim 1 wherein said hashing function comprises an MD5 method.

6. A system as defined in claim 1 wherein said hashing function comprises a CRC method.

7. A system as defined in claim 1 wherein said JPEG image is derived from fax transmission data.

8. A system as defined in claim 1 wherein said JPEG image is derived from computer data.

9. A system as defined in claim 1 wherein said JPEG image is derived from data transmitted over a network.