Stabilized enhanced efficiency controllable release calcium cyanamide compositions
First Claim
1. A heterogeneous composition, comprising:
- a core, the core comprising about 0.1 to about 40% of the total weight of the composition and comprising a material selected from the group consisting of calcium oxide, dicyandiamide, calcium carbide and combinations thereof; and
a shell, the shell comprising about 60 to about 99.9 percent of the total weight of the composition and comprising a material selected from the group consisting of urea, calcium cyanamide and mixtures thereof.
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Abstract
Embodiments of a calcium cyanamide composition and method for their use are disclosed. The composition and method stabilize active ionic compositions comprising calcium cyanamide and enhance the effectiveness of calcium cyanamide alone or synergistically in combination with nitrogen-containing materials such as urea and organics, for example, manures. The composition and method also facilitate controllable site-directed delivery of the contents of the stabilized compositions. The composition and method are effective for fertilizing, soil amending, metal stabilizing and odor and organism inhibition. The compositions are stable, easily calibrated, and non-clogging for spray delivery to target sites.
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Citations
67 Claims
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1. A heterogeneous composition, comprising:
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a core, the core comprising about 0.1 to about 40% of the total weight of the composition and comprising a material selected from the group consisting of calcium oxide, dicyandiamide, calcium carbide and combinations thereof; and
a shell, the shell comprising about 60 to about 99.9 percent of the total weight of the composition and comprising a material selected from the group consisting of urea, calcium cyanamide and mixtures thereof. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11)
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12. A method for making a heterogeneous composition, comprising:
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providing a particle, the particle selected from the group consisting of a calcium oxide particle, a dicyandiamide particle and a calcium carbide particle; and
coating the particle with a material, the material comprising a substance selected from the group consisting of urea, calcium cyanamide and mixtures thereof. - View Dependent Claims (13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20)
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21. A method for making a homogeneous solid composition, comprising:
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combining calcium cyanamide, a nitrogen-containing material, and water, where the amount of water is at least 14 times the weight of the dry calcium cyanamide, to form an aqueous material;
inhibiting aeration of the aqueous material; and
dehydrating the aqueous material to form a solid. - View Dependent Claims (22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34)
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35. A method of making a homogeneous granular composition, comprising:
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melting together a mixture of about 0.1 to about 40 percent calcium cyanamide and about 60 to about 99.9 percent urea; and
spraying the melted mixture onto a seed particle to form a granule. - View Dependent Claims (36, 37, 38)
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39. A composition comprising from about 0.01 to about 5.0 percent calcium cyanamide and from about 95 to about 99.99 percent animal excreta where the animal excreta further comprises water in an amount at least 14×
- the weight of the calcium cyanamide.
- View Dependent Claims (40, 41, 42)
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43. A method for providing nutrients to plants, comprising:
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adding a calcium containing compound selected from the group consisting of calcium cyanamide, calcium oxide, calcium carbide, and mixtures thereof to water to form an aqueous composition; and
inhibiting aeration of the aqueous composition until it is applied to provide nutrients to plants. - View Dependent Claims (44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54)
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55. A method for enhancing plant growth, comprising:
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providing a granular composition, the composition comprising a calcium cyanamide core and a urea shell where the calcium cyanamide core is from about 0.1 to about 40 percent by weight and the urea shell is from about 60 to about 99.9 percent by weight; and
applying the granular composition to soil to induce plant growth. - View Dependent Claims (56, 57, 58, 59)
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60. A method of composting animal excreta, comprising:
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adding about 0.1 to about 1.0 percent by weight calcium cyanamide to animal excreta, where the animal excreta contains water in an amount at least 14×
the mass of the calcium cyanamide to form a mixture; and
inhibiting mixture aeration. - View Dependent Claims (61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66)
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67. A method of enhancing plant growth, comprising;
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combining greater than about 40 parts of water with about 10 parts of a combination of calcium cyanamide and urea, where the about 10 parts of a combination of calcium cyanamide and urea further comprises from about 0.1 to about 3 parts calcium cyanamide and from about 7 to about 9.9 parts urea to form a first aqueous composition;
inhibiting aeration of the first aqueous composition;
adding the first aqueous composition to additional water to form a second aqueous composition; and
applying the second aqueous composition to enhance plant growth.
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Specification