Transmitter

• US 20040029542A1
• Filed: 05/23/2003
• Published: 02/12/2004
• Est. Priority Date: 11/24/2000
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Optis Wireless Technology, LLC (Brevet Capital)
• Original Assignee: Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson
• Inventors: Klingberg, Mats, Leyonhjelm, Scott
• Granted Patent: US 7,065,330 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 455/131
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 1/34 Negative-feedback-circuit arrangements with or without positive feedback H03F1/02 - H03F1/30, H03F1/38 - H03F1/50, H03F3/50 take precedence ; for rejection of common mode signals H03F3/45479
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 3/24 of transmitter output stages
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 1/04 Circuits
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 2001/0433 with linearisation using feedback
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 2001/0491 with frequency synthesizers, frequency converters or modulators

Abstract

A transmitter comprises a device (20) for frequency up-conversion of a communication signal having at least two consecutive frequency conversion stages, a power amplifier (27) for amplifying the output signal therefrom for obtaining a transmission signal and means (29) for extracting the transmission signal. It also has a device for frequency down-conversion of said extracted transmission signal to the same frequency as the communication signal before said up-conversion for creating a feedback signal. Said two devices use the same local oscillators (25, 26). The transmitter also has means for signal parameter adaptation of the communication signal on basis of the feedback signal for obtaining a desired character of the transmission signal. The frequency down-conversion device comprises a local oscillator combiner (30) producing a combined frequency signal used for frequency down-conversion of the transmission signal reducing the number of conversion stages in the path of the extracted transmission signal with respect to the corresponding number of the frequency up-conversion device.

Claims

1. A transmitter comprising

a device for frequency up-conversion (20, 65) of a communication signal to a higher frequency comprising at least two consecutive frequency conversion stages each having a local oscillator (25, 26, 53-55) and a frequency mixer (21, 23, 47-49) for mixing the signal of the local oscillator with said communication signal for a stepwise frequency up-conversion of the communication signal,

a power amplifier (27, 59, 66) for amplifying the output signal from the frequency up-conversion device for obtaining a transmission signal,

means (29) for extracting the transmission signal,

a device for frequency down-conversion of said extracted transmission signal to the same frequency as the communication signal before said up-conversion for creating a feedback signal, said frequency down-conversion device being adapted to use the same local oscillators as the frequency up-conversion device for frequency conversion of the transmission signal, and

means (18, 74) for signal parameter adaptation of the communication signal on basis of said feedback signal for obtaining a desired character of said transmission signal,

characterized in that said frequency down-conversion device comprises a local oscillator combiner (30, 56, 57, 73) having means (31) for mixing frequency signals of at least two of said local oscillators for combining them into a combined local oscillator frequency signal, and that said local oscillator combiner is adapted to send this combined frequency signal to a frequency mixer (35, 46, 58, 68) of the frequency down-conversion device for frequency down-conversion of the transmission signal reducing the number of frequency conversion stages in the transmission signal path of the frequency down-conversion device with respect to the number of frequency conversion stages in the communication signal path of the frequency up-conversion device.

2. A transmitter according to claim 1, characterized in that said frequency up-conversion device has two frequency conversion stages and the frequency down-conversion device has one single frequency conversion stage in the transmission signal path.

3. A transmitter according to claim 1, characterized in that the frequency up-conversion device has three frequency conversion stages, that the frequency down-conversion device comprises two said local oscillator combiners (56, 57), namely a first one (56) with means for mixing frequency signals from two (53, 54) of said local oscillators for combining them into a first combined local oscillator frequency signal and a second (57) with means for mixing said first combined local oscillator frequency signal with a frequency signal from a third (55) of said local oscillators for combining them into a second combined local oscillator frequency signal, and that said second local oscillator combiner is adapted to send this second combined local oscillator frequency signal to a frequency mixer (58) of the frequency down-conversion device for frequency down-conversion of the transmission signal reducing the number of frequency conversion stages in the transmission signal path of the frequency down-conversion device to one.

4. A transmitter according to any of claims 1-3, characterized in that one of the frequency conversion stages in the frequency up-conversion device is formed by a quadrature modulator (45) and said frequency conversion stage of the frequency down-conversion device for frequency down-conversion of the transmission signal is formed by a quadrature demodulator (46).

5. A transmitter according to any of claims 1-3, characterized in that at least one of the frequency conversion stages in the frequency up-conversion device and/or said frequence conversion stage of the frequency down-conversion device for frequency down-conversion of the transmission signal is formed by a SSB (Single SideBand) mixer.

6. A transmitter according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises delay means (37-39) adapted to delay a frequency signal emitted by at least one of said local oscillators on the path to said frequency down-conversion stage of the frequency down-conversion device for substantially matching the delay of this frequency signal from said local oscillator (25, 26) to this stage through said local oscillator combiner (30) with the delay of this signal to this stage through the frequency up-conversion device (20) and the power amplifier (27).

7. A transmitter according to claim 6, characterized in that it comprises a said delay means (37, 38) for each of said local oscillators (25, 26).

8. A transmitter according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that it comprises a said delay means (39) connected between the frequency mixing means (31) of said local oscillator combiner (30) and said transmission signal frequency down-conversion stage of the frequency down-conversion device.

9. A transmitter according to any of claims 6-8, characterized in that it comprises at least one said delay means (37-39) arranged to delay a frequency signal sent from one of said local oscillators (25, 26) to said local oscillator combiner (30).

10. A transmitter according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises means (13) for predistortion of said communication signal on the basis of said signal parameter adaptation for cancelling out distortions thereof generated in the path of the communication signal, such as in the power amplifier (27, 59, 66), for obtaining a substantially distortion-free transmission signal.

11. A transmitter according to claim 10, charact rized in that it comprises an analog/digital-converter (16) adapted to convert the transmission signal into a digital signal, and that said predistortion means (13) is adapted to carry out said predistortion of the communication signal in the digital domain.

12. A transmitter according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises at least two communication signal branches (70₁-70_N) having a said frequency up-conversion device (65) each or in common, a power amplifier (66) each or in common and a said means for extracting the transmission signal, and that said means (63) for signal parameter adaptation is adapted to adjust the gain and/or phase of said transmission signal of the respective branch on the basis of a comparison of a communication signal corresponding to a wanted transmission signal and said feedback signal of each branch or a comparison of feedback signals from all branches.

13. A transmitter according to claim 12, characterized in that it comprises a separate said frequency down-conversion device (68) for each of said branches (70₁-70_N).

14. A transmitter according to claim 12, characterized in that it has only one said frequency down-conversion device (68), and that it further comprises switching means (69) adapted to alternatingly connect said frequency down-conversion device to different branches (70₁-70_N) for signal parameter adaptation of the communication signals thereof.

15. A transmitter according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that all said frequency up- and down-conversion devices (65, 68) share the same local oscillators (71, 72).

16. A transmitter according to claim 14, characterized in that it comprises a separate frequency up-conversion device for each branch and all frequency up-conversion devices (65) have separate local oscillators, and that the transmitter comprises switching means adapted to alternatingly connect the local oscillators of different frequency up-conversion devices with the local oscillator combiner (73) of the frequency down-conversion device.

17. A transmitter according to any of claims 12-16, characterized in that it comprises an adaptive antenna, and that each branch (70₁-70_N) has an antenna (67) for transmitting the transmission signal from the power amplifier (66).

18. A radio base station including a transmitter according to any of claims 1-17.

19. A communication device, such as a telephone, for communication with a radio base station and including a transmitter according to any of claims 1-17.

20. A wireless Local Area Network including a transmitter according to any of claims 1-17.

21. A wireline network, such as an ADSL network or a Multiple Input Multiple Output Antenna system, including a transmitter according to any of claims 1-17.

22. A method for signal processing in a transmitter comprising the following steps:

a) frequency up-conversion of a communication signal to a higher frequency by consecutively mixing the communication signal with a signal from at least two consecutive local oscillators (25, 26, 53-55) for a stepwise frequency up-conversion of the communication signal,

b) amplifying the output signal resulting from the frequency up-conversion for obtaining a transmission signal,

c) extracting the transmission signal,

d) frequency down-conversion of said extracted transmission signal to the same frequency as the communication signal before said up-conversion for creating a feedback signal by using the same local oscillators as for the frequency up-conversion for frequency down-conversion of the transmission signal, and

e) adapting signal parameters of the communication signal on basis of said feedback signal for obtaining a desired character of said transmission signal,

characterized in that in step d) frequency signals of at least two of said local oscillators are mixed for combining them into a combined local oscillator frequency signal, which is then used in said frequency down-conversion stage for frequency down-conversion of the transmission signal, thus reducing the number of frequency conversion stages in the transmission signal path of the frequency down-conversion with respect to the number of frequency conversion stages in the communication signal path of the frequency up-conversion.

23. A method according to claim 22, characterized in that the frequency up-conversion in step a) is carried out by mixing the communication signal in two frequency conversion stages with frequency signals from two said local oscillators (25, 26) and in step d) the transmission signal is only subjected to a frequency down-conversion once.

24. A method according to claim 22, characterized in that in step a) said communication signal is subjected to three frequency up-conversions, that in step d) firstly frequency signals from two (53, 54) of said local oscillators are mixed for combining them into a first combined local oscillator frequency signal and then this signal is mixed with the frequency signal from a third (55) of said local oscillators for combining them into a second combined local oscillator frequency signal, which is subsequently mixed with the transmission signal for frequency down-conversion thereof thus reducing the number of frequency conversion stages in the transmission signal path for said frequency down-conversion to one.

25. A method according to any of claims 22-24, characterized in that in step a) the communication signal is firstly mixed with a local oscillator frequency signal in a quadrature modulator (45) and in step d) the transmission signal is frequency down-converted by being mixed with a combined local oscillator frequency signal in a quadrature demodulator (46).

26. A method according to any of claims 22-24, characterized in that in step a) the communication signal is firstly mixed with a local oscillator frequency signal in an SSB (Single SideBand) mixer and in step d) the transmission signal is frequency down-converted by being mixed with a combined local oscillator frequency signal in an SSB mixer.

27. A method according to any of claims 22-26, characterized in that a frequency signal emitted by at least one of said local oscillators is delayed on the path to said frequency down-conversion stage so as to substantially match the delay of this frequency signal from said local oscillator to this stage through the local oscillator signal combining step with the delay of this signal to this stage through the frequency up-conversion step a) and the power amplifying step b).

28. A method according to claim 27, characterized in that the frequency signals sent from each local oscillator (25, 26) for local oscillator frequency signal combining in step d) are delayed.

29. A method according to claim 27 or 28, characterized in that the combined local oscillator frequency signal produced in step d) is delayed for obtaining said matching.

30. A method according to any of claims 27-29, charact rized in that frequency signal sent from at least one of said local oscillators is delayed before being combined with a frequency signal from another local oscillator for producing a combined local oscillator frequency signal in step d) for obtaining said delay matching.

31. A method according to any of claims 22-30, characterized in that said communication signal is predistorted for cancelling out distortions thereof generated in the path of the communication signal, such as in a power amplifier (27), for obtaining a substantially distortion-free transmission signal and this is done in step e).

32. A method according to claim 31, characterized in that said transmission signal is after said frequency down-conversion thereof analog/digital-converted and said predistortion of the communication signal is carried out in the digital domain.

33. A method according to any of claims 22-32, characterized in that it is carried out on a transmitter comprising at least two communication signal branches (70₁-70_N) for each of which steps a), b) and c) are carried out, and that steps d) and e) are carried out for each branch for adjusting the gain and/or phase of the transmission signal from the respective branch on the basis of a comparison of a communication signal corresponding to a wanted transmission signal and said feedback signal of each branch or a comparison of feedback signals from all branches.

34. A method according to claim 33, characterized in that a separate frequency down-conversion is carried out for each of said branches (70₁-70_N).

35. A method according to claim 33, characterized in that said transmitter has only one frequency down-conversion stage in common to all said branches, and that said frequency down-conversion stage is alternatingly connected to different branches (70₁-70_N) for signal parameter adaptation of the communication signals thereof.

36. A method according to claim 34 or 35, characterized in that the same local oscillators (71, 72) are used for all the branches (70₁-70_N) for said frequency up- and down-conversion.

37. A method according to claim 36, characterized in that each branch has a separate frequency up-conversion stage and all frequency up-conversion stages have separate local oscillators (71, 72), and that the local oscillators of different frequency up-conversion stages are alternatingly connected to the local oscillator combining in step d) of the frequency down-conversion stage.

38. A method according to any of claims 33-37, characterized in that the transmitter comprises an adaptive antenna and each branch (70₁-70_N) has an antenna (67) for transmitting the respective amplified transmission signal.

39. A computer program directly loadable into the internal memory of a computer, comprising software for controlling the steps of any of claims 22-38 when said program is run on the computer.

40. A computer program according to claim 39, provided at least partially through a network as the Internet.

41. A computer readable medium, having a program recorded thereon, where the program is to make a computer control the steps of any of the claims 22-38.