Sulfonated carbonaceous materials
First Claim
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1. A surface modified carbonaceous material, comprising a plurality of sulfonate substituents of the general formula —
- SO3M surface bonded thereto, wherein M is hydrogen or a cationic species, and wherein the surface atomic concentration of sulfur present within the surface bonded SO3M moieties, measured by XPS, is greater than or equal to approximately 0.25% relative to the total surface atomic concentration of the surface treated carbonaceous material.
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Abstract
The present invention provides methods for the incorporation of sulfonate functional groups onto the surface of carbonaceous compounds and materials, and similarly provides several surface modified carbonaceous compounds and materials resulting therefrom.
91 Citations
27 Claims
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1. A surface modified carbonaceous material, comprising a plurality of sulfonate substituents of the general formula —
- SO3M surface bonded thereto, wherein M is hydrogen or a cationic species, and wherein the surface atomic concentration of sulfur present within the surface bonded SO3M moieties, measured by XPS, is greater than or equal to approximately 0.25% relative to the total surface atomic concentration of the surface treated carbonaceous material.
- View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27)
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11. A process for the manufacture of a surface modified carbonaceous material, wherein the process comprises the steps of:
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a) contacting an anhydride of the generic formula (R—
CO)2O with sulfuric acid under conditions effective to provide an organic sulfite intermediate of the generic formula R—
(CO)O—
SO3H, wherein R is an aliphatic substituent; and
b) contacting a carbonaceous material with the organic sulfite intermediate provided in step a) under conditions effective to provide a surface modified carbonaceous material comprising a plurality of surface bonded sulfonate substituents of the general formula —
SO3H. - View Dependent Claims (12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22)
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Specification