Adaptive video bit-rate control

• US 20040057516A1
• Filed: 09/23/2002
• Published: 03/25/2004
• Est. Priority Date: 09/23/2002
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Intel Corporation
• Original Assignee: Intel Corporation
• Inventors: Kim, Hyung-Suk, Acharya, Tinku, Kim, Hyun M.
• Granted Patent: US 7,075,987 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 375/240.16
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/115 Selection of the code volume for a coding unit prior to coding
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/137 Motion inside a coding unit, e.g. average field, frame or block difference
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 19/177 the unit being a group of pictures [GOP]

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to the compression of data and, more particularly, to the compression of video data based at least upon a variable bit rate compression scheme.

Claims

1. :

A method comprising;

receiving a first plurality of groups of pictures (GOPs);

estimating a first amount of motion in the plurality of GOPs;

selecting a GOP from the plurality of GOPs;

estimating a second amount of motion in the selected GOP; and

setting a first number of bits to represent the selected GOP based at least in part upon the first estimation of motion and the second estimation of motion.

2. :

The method of claim 1, wherein setting the first number of bits includes;

assigning a second number of bits to represent the plurality of groups of pictures (GOPs); and

allocating a first portion of the second number of bits to the selected GOP based at least in part upon the second amount of motion in the selected GOP.

3. :

The method of claim 2, wherein allocating the first portion of bits includes;

determining a first ratio of motion between the estimated second amount of motion to the first estimated amount of motion and

setting the first number of bits based, at least in part, upon the first ratio of motion.

4. :

The method of claim 3, wherein setting the first number of bits based, at least in part, upon the first ratio of motion involves at least one of the following techniques;

allocating the first number of bits in proportion to the first ratio of motion;

allocating the first number of bits in multiples of the first ratio of motion; and

allocating the first number of bits based in part upon a user defined weight.

5. :

The method of claim 1, wherein estimating the second amount of motion includes computing the average sum-of-absolute-differences between frames in the selected GOP.

6. :

The method of claim 5, further comprising

compressing the selected GOP to the first number of bits; and

wherein, the sum-of-absolute-differences is utilized to compress the selected GOP.

7. :

The method of claim 6, wherein compressing the selected GOP includes utilizing a compression scheme substantially in compliance with at least one of the following compression schemes;

the H.263 or H.261 video compression standards;

the Moving Pictures Experts Group (MPEG) family of video compression standards;

the QuickTime family of standards; and

a video compression standard utilizing a transform including at least one of the following;

a discrete-cosine transform (DCT), a sub-band coding transform, and wavelet transform.

8. :

The method of claim 1, wherein estimating a first amount of motion in the plurality of GOPs includes estimating a second amount of motion in the selected GOP.

9. :

The method of claim 1, further including;

receiving an aggregate of groups of pictures (GOPs) that includes a multitude of pluralities of GOPs; and

estimating a third amount of motion in the aggregate of GOPs utilizing, at least in part the estimated first amount of motion.

10. :

The method of claim 9, further including;

receiving a second plurality of groups of pictures (GOPs);

estimating a fourth amount of motion in the plurality of GOPs;

refining the third amount of motion utilizing, at least in part the estimated fourth amount of motion.

11. :

The method of claim 10, wherein setting the first number of bits includes;

assigning a second number of bits to represent the aggregate of groups of pictures (GOPs); and

allocating a first portion of the second number of bits to the selected GOP based at least in part upon

determining a first ratio of motion between estimated second amount of motion to the third estimated amount of motion and

setting the first number of bits based, at least in part, upon the first ratio of motion.

12. :

An apparatus comprising;

a video frame buffer to

store a first plurality of group of pictures (GOPs); and

store a first GOP selected from the first plurality of group of pictures (GOPs);

a motion estimator to

estimate a first amount of motion in the first plurality of GOPs; and

estimate a second amount of motion in the first selected GOP;

a bit rate controller to

allocate a first number of bits to represent the selected GOP; and

a video compressor to

compress the selected GOP to the first number of bits.

13. :

The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the bit rate controller is capable of, during operation,

storing a value representing a second number of bits to represent the first plurality of GOPs; and

allocating a first portion of the second number of bits to the selected GOP.

14. :

The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the bit rate controller is capable of, during operation,

determining a first ratio of motion between the second amount of motion and the first amount of motion; and

allocating a first portion of the second number of bits to the selected GOP based, at least in part, upon the first ratio.

15. :

The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the bit rate controller is capable of, during operation, allocating a first portion of bits utilizing at least one of the following techniques;

allocating in proportion to the first ratio of motion;

allocating in multiples of the first ratio of motion; and

allocating based in part upon a preconfigured weight value.

16. :

The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the motion estimator is capable of, during operation, estimating a second amount of motion in the first selected GOP, at least in part, by utilizing the average sum-of-absolute differences between frames in the first selected GOP.

17. :

The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the video compressor is capable of, during operation, compressing the first selected GOP by utilizing the sum-of-absolute differences between frames in the first selected GOP.

18. :

The apparatus of claim 17, wherein a video compressor, during operation, compresses the first selected GOP utilizing a compression scheme substantially in compliance with at least one of the following compression schemes;

the H.263 or H.261 video compression standards;

the Moving Pictures Experts Group (MPEG) family of video compression standards;

the QuickTime family of standards; and

a video compression standard utilizing a transform including at least one of the following;

a discrete-cosine transform (DCT), a sub-band coding transform, and wavelet transform.

19. :

The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the motion estimator utilizes, during operation, the estimate of the second amount of motion in the first selected GOP in estimating the first amount of motion in the first plurality of GOPs.

20. :

A system comprising;

an analog-to-digital capture unit to convert analog signals to a digital first plurality of group of pictures (GOPs);

a video frame buffer to

store the first plurality of group of pictures (GOPs); and

store a first GOP selected from the first plurality of group of pictures (GOPs);

a motion estimator to

estimate a first amount of motion in the first plurality of GOPs; and

estimate a second amount of motion in the first selected GOP;

a bit rate controller to

allocate a first number of bits to represent the selected GOP;

a video compressor to

compress the first GOP to the first number of bits; and

a video storage unit to store the compressed first GOP;

21. :

The system of claim 20, wherein the bit rate controller is capable of, during operation,

storing a value representing a second number of bits to represent the first plurality of GOPs; and

allocating a first portion of the second number of bits to the selected GOP.

22. :

The system of claim 21, wherein the bit rate controller is capable of, during operation,

determining a first ratio of motion between the second amount of motion and the first amount of motion; and

allocating a first portion of the second number of bits to the selected GOP based, at least in part, upon the first ratio.

23. :

The system of claim 22, wherein the bit rate controller is capable of, during operation, allocating a first portion of bits utilizing at least one of the following techniques;

allocating in proportion to the first ratio of motion;

allocating in multiples of the first ratio of motion; and

allocating based in part upon a preconfigured weight value.

24. :

The system of claim 20, wherein the motion estimator is capable of, during operation, estimating a second amount of motion in the first selected GOP, at least in part, by utilizing the average sum-of-absolute differences between frames in the first selected GOP.

25. :

The system of claim 24, wherein the video compressor is capable of, during operation, compressing the first selected GOP by utilizing the sum-of-absolute differences between frames in the first selected GOP.

26. :

The system of claim 25, wherein a video compressor, during operation, compresses the first selected GOP utilizing a compression scheme substantially in compliance with at least one of the following compression schemes;

the H.263 or H.261 video compression standards;

the Moving Pictures Experts Group (MPEG) family of video compression standards;

the QuickTime family of standards; and

a video compression standard utilizing a transform including at least one of the following;

a discrete-cosine transform (DCT), a sub-band coding transform, and wavelet transform.

27. :

The system of claim 20, wherein the motion estimator utilizes, during operation, the estimate of the second amount of motion in the first selected GOP in estimating the first amount of motion in the first plurality of GOPs.

28. :

An article comprising;

a storage medium having a plurality of machine accessible instructions, wherein when the instructions are executed by a machine, the instructions provide for

receiving a first plurality of groups of pictures (GOPs);

estimating a first amount of motion in the plurality of GOPs;

selecting a GOP from the plurality of GOPs;

estimating a second amount of motion in the selected GOP; and

setting a first number of bits to represent the selected GOP based at least in part upon the first estimation of motion and the second estimation of motion.

29. :

The article of claim 28, wherein the instruction s that provide for setting a first number of bits include instructions that provide for;

assigning a second number of bits to represent the plurality of groups of pictures (GOPs); and

allocating a first portion of the second number of bits to the selected GOP based at least in part upon the second amount of motion in the selected GOP.

30. :

The article of claim 29, wherein the instruction s that provide for allocating a first portion include instructions that provide for;

determining a first ratio of motion between the estimated second amount of motion to the first estimated amount of motion and

setting the first number of bits based, at least in part, upon the first ratio of motion.