Planar metamaterials for control of electromagnetic wave guidance and radiation
First Claim
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1. A planar metamaterial comprising:
- two substantially orthogonal, coplanar sets of transmission lines, said transmission lines being spaced with a periodicity, loaded with capacitors with said periodicity, and shunted with inductors with said periodicity such that for an electromagnetic wave, having a wavelength greater than said periodicity and traveling along the plane of said transmission lines, the effective permeability and permittivity of said metamaterial are simultaneously negative.
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Abstract
A linear metamaterial comprises a transmission line, having a linear dimension, and is loaded with capacitors, and shunted with an inductor such that for an electromagnetic wave, having a wavelength greater than the linear dimension and traveling along the axis of the transmission line, the effective permeability and permittivity of the metamaterial are simultaneously negative. Applications for the metameterial are also disclosed.
390 Citations
21 Claims
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1. A planar metamaterial comprising:
two substantially orthogonal, coplanar sets of transmission lines, said transmission lines being spaced with a periodicity, loaded with capacitors with said periodicity, and shunted with inductors with said periodicity such that for an electromagnetic wave, having a wavelength greater than said periodicity and traveling along the plane of said transmission lines, the effective permeability and permittivity of said metamaterial are simultaneously negative. - View Dependent Claims (2)
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3. A linear metamaterial comprising:
a transmission line, having a linear dimension, and being loaded with capacitors, and shunted with an inductor such that for an electromagnetic wave, having a wavelength greater than said linear dimension and traveling along the axis of said transmission line, the effective permeability and permittivity of said metamaterial are simultaneously negative. - View Dependent Claims (4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9)
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10. A planar resonance cone metamaterial comprising:
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a first set of transmission lines, spaced with a periodicity, and loaded with capacitors with said periodicity;
a second set of transmission lines, substantially orthogonal and coplanar with said first set of transmission lines, said second set of transmission lines being spaced with said periodicity, and loaded with inductors with said periodicity, said first and second sets of transmission lines exhibiting characteristics such that for an electromagnetic wave, having a wavelength greater than said periodicity by an order of magnitude, and traveling along the linear axis of said first set of transmission lines, the effective permittivity of said metamaterial is positive such that for an electromagnetic wave, having a wavelength greater than said periodicity by an order of magnitude and traveling along the linear axis of said second set of transmission lines, the effective permittivity of said metamaterial is negative. - View Dependent Claims (11)
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12. A planar resonance cone metamaterial comprising:
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a first set of transmission lines, spaced with a first periodicity, and loaded with capacitors with a second periodicity;
a second set of transmission lines, substantially orthogonal and coplanar with said first set of transmission lines, said second set of transmission lines being spaced with said second periodicity, and being loaded with inductors with said first periodicity whereby for an electromagnetic wave, having a wavelength greater than said first and second periodicities by an order of magnitude and traveling along the longitudinal axis of said first set of transmission lines, the effective permittivity of said metamaterial is positive and for an electromagnetic wave having a wavelength greater than said first and second priodocities and traveling along the longitudinal axis of said second set of transmission lines, the effective permittivity of said metamaterial is negative.
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13. A near field focusing device comprising:
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a first set of transmission lines, said first set of transmission lines being spaced with a first periodicity and loaded with capacitors with a second periodicity;
a second set of transmission lines, substantially orthogonal to, and coplanar with said first set of transmission lines, said second set of transmission lines being spaced with said second periodicity, loaded with capacitors with said first periodicity, and shunted with inductors, said first set of transmission lines intersecting said second set of transmission lines such that for an electromagnetic wave, having a wavelength greater than said first or second periodicity by an order of magnitude, and traveling along the plane of said transmission lines, the effective permeability and permittivity of said metamaterial are simultaneously negative; and
a planar waveguide, having a flat extent, coupled to said transmission lines, such that said flat extent is parallel to one set of transmission lines.
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14. A phase-shifting device comprising:
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a transmission line, having a linear dimension and characteristic impedance;
capacitors loaded on said transmission line; and
an inductor shunting said transmission line, said transmission line exhibiting characteristics such that for an electromagnetic wave, having a wavelength greater than said linear dimension by an order of magnitude and traveling along the axis of said transmission line, the effective permeability and permittivity of transmission are simultaneously negative and such that said transmission line provides a continuous passband for said electromagnetic wave along said transmission line. - View Dependent Claims (15, 16)
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17. A near field focussing device comprising:
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a parallel-plate waveguide; and
a negative refractive index metamaterial in line with said waveguide and forming an interface therewith. - View Dependent Claims (18)
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19. A coupled-line coupler comprising:
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a microstrip line; and
a left-handed material coupled to an edge of said microstrip line. - View Dependent Claims (20, 21)
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Specification