Gas generating composition

• US 20040069383A1
• Filed: 10/07/2003
• Published: 04/15/2004
• Est. Priority Date: 02/25/1998
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Nippon Kayaku Company Limited
• Original Assignee: Nippon Kayaku Company Limited
• Inventors: Ikeda, Kenjiro, Sato, Eishi, Kubo, Dairi
• Granted Patent: US 6,918,976 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 149/78
• CPC Class Codes: C06B 29/22 the salt being ammonium perchlorate
• CPC Class Codes: C06C 9/00 Chemical contact igniters; Chemical lighters
• CPC Class Codes: C06D 5/06 by reaction of two or more solids

Abstract

A gas generating composition which contains a nitrogenous organic compound as a fuel component and generates, at a high gasification rate, a clean gas harmless to the human body. The composition of the present invention comprises a nitrogenous organic compound as a fuel component and ammonium perchlorate and the nitrate of an alkaline metal or alkaline earth metal as oxidizing agents, wherein where a quantity of nitrate required solely for forming an oxide of alkaline metal or alkaline earth metal that can stoichiometrically neutralize hydrogen chloride generated from ammonium perchlorate is taken as 1, a quantity of nitrate of said alkaline metal or alkaline earth metal exceeds 0.9.

Claims

1. A gas generating composition comprising a fuel component, an oxidizing agent and at least one additive, which further comprises nitrogenous organic compound used as said fuel component, ammonium perchlorate and nitrate of alkaline metal or alkaline earth metal used as said oxidizing agent and in which where a quantity of nitrate required solely for forming an oxide of alkaline metal or alkaline earth metal that can stoichiometrically neutralize hydrogen chloride generated from ammonium perchlorate is taken as 1, a quantity of nitrate of said alkaline metal or alkaline earth metal exceeds 0.9.

2. A gas generating composition according to claim 1, which comprises 35-60 weight % nitroguanidine used as said fuel component, 15-30 weight % ammonium perchlorate and 20-40 weight % nitrate of said alkaline metal or alkaline earth metal used as said oxidizing agent.

3. A gas generating composition according to claim 1, which comprises 20-45 weight % aminotetrazole used as said fuel component, 20-40 weight % ammonium perchlorate and 25-55 weight % nitrate of said alkaline metal or alkaline earth metal used as said oxidizing agent.

4. A gas generating composition according to claim 2 or 3, wherein a material of said additive is a binder, and 2-10 weight % hydrotalcites expressed by the following formula are contained as said binder:

[M²⁺<sub>1−

x</sub>M³⁺_x(OH)₂]^x+[Aⁿ⁻

_x/n.mH₂O]^x−

where M²⁺ represents bivalent metal including Mg²⁺, Mn²⁺, Fe²⁺, Co²⁺, Ni²⁺, Cu²⁺ and Zn²⁺;

M³⁺ represents trivalent metal including Al³⁺, Fe³⁺, Cr³⁺, Co³⁺and In³⁺;

Aⁿ⁻

represents an n-valence anion including OH⁻

, F⁻

, Cl⁻

, NO₃₋

, CO₃²⁻

, So₄²⁻

, Fe(CN)₆³⁻

, CH₃COO⁻

, ion oxalate and ion salicylate; and

x;

0<

x≦

0.33.

5. A gas generating composition according to claim 4, wherein said hydrotalcites are synthetic hydrotalcite or pyroaurite expressed by the following formulas:

(Synthetic Hydrotalcite)

Chemical formula;

Mg₆Al₂(OH)₁₆CO₃.4H₂O

(Pyroaurite)

Chemical formula;

Mg₆Fe₂(OH)₁₆CO₃.4H₂O

6. A gas generating composition according to claim 1, wherein said material of said additive is a catalyst for enabling an autoignition of said gas generating composition (autoignition capability developing catalyst) and 0.05-5 weight % at least one molybdenum compound selected from the group consisting of molybdenum trioxide, molybdic acid, ammonium molybdate, sodium molybdate, phosphomolybdic acid, ammonium phosphomolybdate and sodium phosphomolybdate is contained as said autoignition capability developing catalyst.

7. A gas generating composition according to claim 1, wherein said material of said additive is a slag collector, and 0.5-5 weight % at least one metal nitride or metal carbide is contained as said slag collector.

8. A gas generating composition according to claim 1, wherein said material of said additive is an auxiliary molding agent, and 0.05-2 weight % at least one water-soluble polymer selected from the group consisting of polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, polyvinyl ether, copolymer of maleic acid and other polymerizable material, polyethyleneimine, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyacrylamide, sodium polyacrylate and ammonium polyacrylate is contained as said auxiliary molding agent.

9. A gas generating composition according to claim 7 or 8, wherein said material of said additive is a press-forming-use lubricant, and 0.1-1 weight % at least one material selected from the group consisting of magnesium stearate, zinc stearate, graphite, boron nitride and molybdenum disulfide is mixed in said gas generating composition.

10. A gas generating composition according to claim 1 or 7, wherein said material of said additive is an extrusion-molding-use binder, 1-15 weight cellulosic compound, polyvalent hydroxy compound, polyvinyl polymer, microbial polysaccharide or inorganic binder is contained as said extrusion-molding-use binder in said gas generating composition.

11. A gas generator in which said gas generating composition according to claim 1 is loaded.

12. A gas generator in which said gas generating composition according to claim 2 or 3 is loaded.