Microfluidic particle-analysis systems
First Claim
1. A microfluidic device for treating a particle comprising:
- (a) an input mechanism for introducing a fluid sample containing a particle;
(b) a microfluidic passage in fluid communication with said input mechanism;
(c) a positioning mechanism in fluid communication with said microfluidic passage, said positioning mechanism for positioning said particle in said microfluidic passage while contained in said fluid sample;
(d) a retention mechanism for retaining said particle upon being positioned by said positioning means;
(e) a treatment mechanism in communication with said retention mechanism for selectively treating said particle to produce a treatment response while being retained within said retention mechanism; and
, (f) a measurement mechanism for measuring said treatment response, if any, of said particle.
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Accused Products
Abstract
The invention provides systems, including apparatus, methods, and kits, for the microfluidic manipulation and/or detection of particles, such as cells and/or beads. The invention provides systems, including apparatus, methods, and kits, for the microfluidic manipulation and/or analysis of particles, such as cells, viruses, organelles, beads, and/or vesicles. The invention also provides microfluidic mechanisms for carrying out these manipulations and analyses. These mechanisms may enable controlled input, movement/positioning, retention/localization, treatment, measurement, release, and/or output of particles. Furthermore, these mechanisms may be combined in any suitable order and/or employed for any suitable number of times within a system. Accordingly, these combinations may allow particles to be sorted, cultured, mixed, treated, and/or assayed, among others, as single particles, mixed groups of particles, arrays of particles, heterogeneous particle sets, and/or homogeneous particle sets, among others, in series and/or in parallel. In addition, these combinations may enable microfluidic systems to be reused. Furthermore, these combinations may allow the response of particles to treatment to be measured on a shorter time scale than was previously possible. Therefore, systems of the invention may allow a broad range of cell and particle assays, such as drug screens, cell characterizations, research studies, and/or clinical analyses, among others, to be scaled down to microfluidic size. Such scaled-down assays may use less sample and reagent, may be less labor intensive, and/or may be more informative than comparable macrofluidic assays.
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Citations
96 Claims
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1. A microfluidic device for treating a particle comprising:
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(a) an input mechanism for introducing a fluid sample containing a particle;
(b) a microfluidic passage in fluid communication with said input mechanism;
(c) a positioning mechanism in fluid communication with said microfluidic passage, said positioning mechanism for positioning said particle in said microfluidic passage while contained in said fluid sample;
(d) a retention mechanism for retaining said particle upon being positioned by said positioning means;
(e) a treatment mechanism in communication with said retention mechanism for selectively treating said particle to produce a treatment response while being retained within said retention mechanism; and
,(f) a measurement mechanism for measuring said treatment response, if any, of said particle. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75)
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76. A method for perfusing cells with a reagent comprising the steps of:
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(a) providing a microfluidic device having (i) a cell growth chamber, a cell inlet in communication with said chamber, said cell inlet having an in valve in operable communication therewith to valve fluid flow through said cell inlet into said chamber, wherein said cells can pass through said cell inlet into said chamber when said inlet valve is open, but cannot pass through said cell inlet when said inlet valve is closed; and
,(ii) a reagent inlet for inputting said reagent into said chamber, said reagent inlet having a reagent valve in operable communication with said reagent inlet for valving fluid flow through said reagent into said chamber, said inlet or said chamber having an retention mechanism for retaining said cells in said chamber while permitting flow of said reagent into said chamber when said reagent valve is open;
wherein when said cells are loaded into said chamber, and said cell valve is closed, said cells are retained in said chamber while said reagent valve is open and closed;
(b) opening said cell inlet valve and introducing said cells into said chamber;
(c) closing said cell inlet valve;
(d) opening said reagent valve to introduce said reagent into said chamber; and
,(e) introducing said reagent into said chamber while retaining said cells inside of said chamber thereby perfusing said cells with said reagent.
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77. A method for treating a particle comprising the steps of:
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(i) providing a microfluidic device comprising;
(a) an input mechanism for introducing a fluid sample containing a particle;
(b) a microfluidic passage in fluid communication with said input mechanism;
(c) a positioning mechanism in fluid communication with said microfluidic passage, said positioning mechanism for positioning said particle in said microfluidic passage while contained in said fluid sample;
(d) a retention mechanism for retaining said particle upon being positioned by said positioning means;
(e) a treatment mechanism in communication with said retention mechanism for selectively treating said particle to produce a treatment response while being retained within said retention mechanism; and
,(f) a measurement mechanism for measuring said treatment response, if any, of said particle. (ii) introducing said sample fluid containing said particle into said input mechanism;
(iii) positioning said particle with said positioning mechanism so that said particle is retainable by said retention mechanism;
(iv) retaining said particle with said retaining mechanism;
(v) exposing said particle to said treatment by said treatment mechanism;
(vi) measuring said treatment response caused directly or indirectly by said particle upon exposure to said treatment. - View Dependent Claims (78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96)
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Specification