Method and apparatus for analyte sensing

• US 20040072358A1
• Filed: 10/03/2003
• Published: 04/15/2004
• Est. Priority Date: 10/09/2002
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: BioTex Incorporated
• Original Assignee: BioTex Incorporated
• Inventors: Gowda, Ashok, McNichols, Roger, Ballerstadt, Ralph
• Granted Patent: US 7,226,414 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 436/95
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/14532 for measuring glucose, e.g. by tissue impedance measurement
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/1459 invasive, e.g. introduced into the body by a catheter A61B5/1464 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 33/5432 Liposomes or microcapsules
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 33/54326 Magnetic particles
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 33/66 involving blood sugars, e.g. galactose
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 436/144444 Glucose

Abstract

In one aspect, the present invention is directed to a glucose sensing device for implantation within subcutaneous tissue of an animal body. In one embodiment, the glucose sensing device includes a first chamber containing first magnetic particles and a hydrocolloid solution (for example, ConA-dextran hydrocolloid) wherein the first magnetic particles are dispersed in the hydrocolloid solution. In operation, glucose within the animal may enter and exit the first chamber and the hydrocolloid solution changes in response to the presence or concentration of glucose within the first chamber. The sensing device also includes a reference chamber containing second magnetic particles and a reference solution wherein the second magnetic particles are dispersed in the reference solution. The reference solution (for example, oil or alcohol compounds) includes a known or fixed viscosity. The reference solution may also be a hydrocolloid solution (for example, ConA-dextran hydrocolloid). The first and/or second magnetic particles may include amine-terminated particles, at least one rare earth element (for example, neodymium or samarium), and/or a ferromagnetic material.

Claims

1. A glucose sensing device for implantation within subcutaneous tissue of an animal body, the glucose sensing device comprising:

a first chamber containing first magnetic particles and a first hydrocolloid solution wherein the first magnetic particles are dispersed in the first hydrocolloid solution and wherein glucose within the animal body may enter and exit the first chamber; and

a reference chamber containing second magnetic particles and a reference solution wherein the second magnetic particles are dispersed in the reference solution.

2. The glucose sensing device of claim 1 wherein the first hydrocolloid solution is a ConA-dextran hydrocolloid.

3. The glucose sensing device of claim 2 wherein first hydrocolloid solution includes a combination of any glucose specific lectin, other glucose-specific binding protein, a glucose-containing glycoconjugate, or mannose-containing glycoconjugate.

4. The glucose sensing device of claim 1 wherein the reference solution is a second hydrocolloid solution.

5. The glucose sensing device of claim 4 wherein the second hydrocolloid solution is a ConA-dextran hydrocolloid.

6. The glucose sensing device of claim 5 wherein second hydrocolloid solution includes a combination of any glucose specific lectin, other glucose-specific binding protein, a glucose-containing glycoconjugate, or mannose-containing glycoconjugate.

7. The glucose sensing device of claim 1 wherein the first and second magnetic particles are amine-terminated particles.

8. The glucose sensing device of claim 1 wherein the amine-terminated particles having a mean diameter of about 1 μ

m.

9. The glucose sensing device of claim 1 wherein the first and second magnetic particles include at least one rare earth element.

10. The glucose sensing device of claim 9 wherein the at least one rare earth element is selected from the group consisting of neodymium and samarium.

11. The glucose sensing device of claim 1 wherein the first and second magnetic particles are selected from the group consisting of neodymium, samarium, neodymium-iron-boron, samarium-cobalt, iron, permalloy, superpermalloy, cobalt, nickel, steel, and alnico.

12. The glucose sensing device of claim 1 wherein the first and second magnetic particles include a ferromagnetic material.

13. The glucose sensing device of claim 1 wherein the viscosity of the first hydrocolloid solution changes in response to the presence of glucose.

14. The glucose sensing device of claim 1 wherein chamber includes a semipermeable membrane comprised of regenerated cellulose, polyurethane, polysulfone or other material that is capable of unrestricted glucose in and efflux.

15. The glucose sensing device of claim 1 wherein the chamber is a dialysis hollow fiber having semipermeable membrane properties.

16. A glucose sensing device for implantation within subcutaneous tissue of an animal body, the glucose sensing device comprising:

a first chamber containing first magnetic particles and a hydrocolloid solution wherein the first magnetic particles are dispersed in the hydrocolloid solution and wherein glucose within the animal body may enter and exit the first chamber; and

a reference chamber containing second magnetic particles and a reference solution wherein the second magnetic particles are dispersed in the reference solution.

17. The glucose sensing device of claim 16 wherein the hydrocolloid solution includes a known viscosity.

18. The glucose sensing device of claim 16 wherein the reference solution includes a constant viscosity.

19. The glucose sensing device of claim 16 wherein the reference solution includes a known viscosity.

20. The glucose sensing device of claim 16 wherein the reference solution includes oil or alcohol compounds.

21. The glucose sensing device of claim 16 wherein the hydrocolloid solution is a ConA-dextran hydrocolloid.

22. The glucose sensing device of claim 16 wherein the hydrocolloid solution includes any glucose specific lectin, other glucose-specific binding protein, a glucose-containing glycoconjugate, or mannose-containing glycoconjugate.

23. The glucose sensing device of claim 16 wherein the first magnetic particles are amine-terminated particles.

24. The glucose sensing device of claim 16 wherein the amine-terminated particles having a mean diameter of about 1 μ

m.

25. The glucose sensing device of claim 16 wherein the first magnetic particles include at least one rare earth element.

26. The glucose sensing device of claim 16 wherein the first magnetic particles a ferromagnetic material.

27. The glucose sensing device of claim 16 wherein the viscosity of the first hydrocolloid solution changes in response to the presence of glucose.

28. The glucose sensing device of claim 16 wherein chamber includes a semipermeable membrane comprised of regenerated cellulose, polyurethane, polysulfone or other material that is capable of unrestricted glucose in and efflux.

29. The glucose sensing device of claim 16 wherein the chamber is a dialysis hollow fiber having semipermeable membrane properties.

30. A glucose sensing device for measuring the concentration of glucose in a fluid medium, the glucose sensing device comprising:

a first chamber containing first magnetic particles and a hydrocolloid solution wherein the first magnetic particles are dispersed in the hydrocolloid solution and wherein glucose from the fluid medium may enter and exit the first chamber; and

a reference chamber containing second magnetic particles and a reference solution wherein the second magnetic particles are dispersed in the reference solution.

31. The glucose sensing device of claim 30 wherein the hydrocolloid solution includes a known viscosity.

32. The glucose sensing device of claim 30 wherein the reference solution includes a constant viscosity.

33. The glucose sensing device of claim 30 wherein the reference solution includes a known viscosity.

34. The glucose sensing device of claim 30 wherein the reference solution includes oil or alcohol compounds.

35. The glucose sensing device of claim 30 wherein the hydrocolloid solution is a ConA-dextran hydrocolloid.

36. The glucose sensing device of claim 30 wherein the hydrocolloid solution includes any glucose specific lectin, other glucose-specific binding protein, a glucose-containing glycoconjugate, or mannose-containing glycoconjugate.

37. The glucose sensing device of claim 30 wherein the first magnetic particles are amine-terminated particles.

38. The glucose sensing device of claim 30 wherein the amine-terminated particles having a mean diameter of about 1 μ

m.

39. The glucose sensing device of claim 30 wherein the first magnetic particles include at least one rare earth element.

40. The glucose sensing device of claim 30 wherein the first magnetic particles a ferromagnetic material.

41. The glucose sensing device of claim 30 wherein the viscosity of the first hydrocolloid solution changes in response to the presence of glucose.

42. The glucose sensing device of claim 30 wherein the first and second magnetic particles include at least one rare earth element.

43. The glucose sensing device of claim 42 wherein the at least one rare earth element is selected from the group consisting of neodymium and samarium.

44. The glucose sensing device of claim 30 wherein the first and second magnetic particles are selected from the group consisting of neodymium, samarium, neodymium-iron-boron, samarium-cobalt, iron, permalloy, superpermalloy, cobalt, nickel, steel, and alnico.

45. The glucose sensing device of claim 30 wherein the first and second magnetic particles include a ferromagnetic material.

46. The glucose sensing device of claim 30 wherein the viscosity of the first hydrocolloid solution changes in response to the presence of glucose.

47. The glucose sensing device of claim 30 wherein chamber includes a semipermeable membrane comprised of regenerated cellulose, polyurethane, polysulfone, or other material that is capable of unrestricted glucose in and efflux.

48. The glucose sensing device of claim 30 wherein the chamber is a dialysis hollow fiber having semipermeable membrane properties.

49. A glucose sensing device for measuring the concentration of glucose in a fluid, the glucose sensing device comprising:

a first chamber;

a first plurality of magnetic particles disposed in the first chamber;

a first solution disposed in the first chamber; and

wherein the first plurality of magnetic particles are dispersed in the first solution and wherein glucose in the fluid may enter and exit the first chamber.

50. The glucose sensing device of claim 49 wherein the first solution includes a hydrocolloid.

51. The glucose sensing device of claim 50 wherein the hydrocolloid is a solution of glucose-binding molecules and macromolecules.

52. The glucose sensing device of claim 51 wherein the macromolecules are glucose-terminated or mannose-terminated.

53. The glucose sensing device of claim 51 wherein the glucose binding molecules are Concanavalin A and the macromolecules are dextran.

54. The glucose sensing device of claim 51 wherein the device further includes a semipermeable membrane wherein the first chamber is enclosed by the semipermeable membrane.

55. The glucose sensing device of claim 54 wherein the semipermeable membrane is a hollow cellulose acetate dialysis fiber.

56. The glucose sensing device of claim 51 further including:

a second chamber, wherein the second chamber includes a second solution and a second plurality of magnetic particles; and

wherein the second plurality of magnetic particles are dispersed in the second solution.

57. The glucose sensing device of claim 56 wherein second solution is a hydrocolloid, an oil, or an alcohol.

58. The glucose sensing device of claim 56 further including an impermeable membrane wherein the second chamber is enclosed by the impermeable membrane.

59. The glucose sensing device of claim 49 wherein the first plurality of magnetic particles are capable of moving within the first solution.