Autonomous system topology based auxiliary network for peer-to-peer overlay network

• US 20040085912A1
• Filed: 10/31/2002
• Published: 05/06/2004
• Est. Priority Date: 10/31/2002
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Hewlett Packard Enterprise Development LP (Hewlett-Packard Enterprise Company)
• Original Assignee: Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. (HP Inc.)
• Inventors: Karlsson, Magnus, Xu, Zhichen, Mahalingam, Mallik
• Granted Patent: US 7,379,428 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 370/254
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 45/04 Interdomain routing, e.g. hierarchical routing
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/104 Peer-to-peer [P2P] networks
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/1042 using topology management mechanisms
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/1046 Joining mechanisms
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/1068 Discovery involving direct consultation or announcement among potential requesting and potential source peers

Abstract

A system and method for an auxiliary network for a peer-to-peer overlay network using autonomous system level topology. Using information available through the auxiliary network, expressway connections are established amongst expressway nodes and ordinary connections are established between ordinary and expressway nodes. The connections established is unconstrained and arbitrary. After the connections are established, efficient routing of information may take place.

Claims

1. An autonomous system topology based auxiliary network for a peer-to-peer overlay network, comprising:

a plurality of expressway nodes in an autonomous system space, wherein one or more expressway nodes in the autonomous system space are configured to establish a number of expressway connections with one or more other expressway nodes such that a number of established expressway connections is arbitrary for each of the one or more expressway nodes; and

a plurality of ordinary nodes in the autonomous system space, wherein one or more ordinary nodes in the autonomous system space are configured to establish a number of ordinary connections with the one or more expressway nodes.

2. The auxiliary network of claim 1, wherein the number of expressway connections are established based on respective autonomous system identifiers of the one or more expressway nodes and the one or more other expressway nodes.

3. The auxiliary network of claim 2, wherein each of the one or more expressway nodes is configured to publish information of itself over the overlay network.

4. The auxiliary network of claim 3, wherein each of the one or more expressway nodes is configured to map its IP address to the autonomous system identifier based on Border Gateway Protocol.

5. The auxiliary network of claim 3, wherein the information published for each of the one or more expressway nodes includes at least one of an IP address, a logical ID within the overlay network, and an indication of being an expressway node.

6. The auxiliary network of claim 5, wherein the published information is resident within the overlay network.

7. The auxiliary network of claim 3, wherein each of the one or more expressway nodes is configured to:

obtaining a list of topologically neighboring expressway nodes; and

establishing the number of expressway connections with the topologically neighboring expressway nodes.

8. The auxiliary network of claim 7, wherein the list of topologically neighboring expressway nodes is obtained based on autonomous system identifiers of the neighboring autonomous systems as hash keys in a hash table of the overlay.

9. The auxiliary network of claim 7, wherein each of the one or more expressway nodes is configured to perform at least one of:

add an entering expressway node to its list of topologically neighboring expressway nodes as a result of an expressway connection being established with the entering expressway node; and

delete an exiting expressway node from its list of topologically neighboring expressway nodes.

10. The auxiliary network of claim 1, wherein each of the one or more ordinary nodes is configured to:

obtain a list of neighboring expressway and ordinary nodes in the same autonomous system as itself; and

establish the number of ordinary connections with the neighboring expressway and ordinary nodes.

11. The auxiliary network of claim 10, wherein each of the one or more ordinary nodes is configured to cache connection information of the neighboring expressway and ordinary nodes.

12. The auxiliary network of claim 1, wherein the number of established ordinary connections is arbitrary for each of the one or more ordinary nodes.

13. A method to construct an autonomous system (AS) topology based auxiliary network for a peer-to-peer overlay network, the method comprising:

establishing expressway connections in an autonomous system space between one or more expressway nodes and one or more other expressway nodes such that a number of established expressway connections is arbitrary for each of the one or more expressway nodes; and

establishing ordinary connections between one or more ordinary nodes and the one or more expressway nodes.

14. The method of claim 13, wherein the established expressway connections for each of the one or more expressway nodes are based on respective autonomous system identifiers of the one or more expressway nodes and the one or more other expressway nodes.

15. The method of claim 14, further comprising publishing information of each of the one or more expressway nodes over the overlay network.

16. The method of claim 15, wherein the step of establishing expressway connections includes mapping an IP address of each of the one or more expressway nodes the autonomous system identifier based on Border Gateway Protocol.

17. The method of claim 15, wherein the information published for each of the one or more expressway nodes includes at least one of an IP address, a logical ID within the overlay network, and an indication of being an expressway node.

18. The method of claim 17, further comprising maintaining the published information of each of the one or more expressway nodes within the overlay network.

19. The method of claim 15, wherein the step of establishing expressway connections includes:

obtaining a list of topologically neighboring expressway nodes for each of the one or more expressway nodes; and

establishing the number of expressway connections with the topologically neighboring expressway nodes for each of the one or more expressway nodes.

20. The method of claim 19, wherein the step of obtaining the list of topologically neighboring expressway nodes includes retrieving information in a has table of the overlay network based on autonomous system identifies of the neighboring autonomous systems as hash keys in the hash table.

21. The method of claim 19, further comprising at least one of:

adding an entering expressway node to a of topologically neighboring expressway nodes of an expressway node as a result of an expressway connection being established between the entering expressway node and the expressway node; and

deleting an exiting expressway node from the list of topologically neighboring expressway nodes of the expressway node.

22. The method of claim 13, wherein the step of establishing the ordinary connections include:

obtaining a list of neighboring expressway and ordinary nodes in the same autonomous system for each of the one or more ordinary nodes; and

establishing the number of ordinary connections with the neighboring expressway and ordinary nodes for each of the one or more ordinary nodes.

23. The method of claim 22, further comprising caching connection information of the neighboring expressway and ordinary nodes.

24. The method of claim 13, wherein the number of established ordinary connections is arbitrary for each of the one or more ordinary nodes.