Seismic analysis using post-imaging seismic anisotropy corrections
First Claim
1. A carrier medium that stores program instructions for analyzing seismic data from a formation, wherein the program instructions are executable by one or more processors to perform:
- receiving seismic data, wherein the seismic data comprise a plurality of traces, and wherein the seismic data comprise pre-stack seismic data;
imaging the seismic data to produce imaged seismic data;
organizing the imaged seismic data into organized imaged seismic data that substantially preserve aspects of relative subsurface seismic propagation angle;
determining one or more anisotropic parameters based on the organized imaged seismic data; and
applying the determined one or more anisotropic parameters to at least a subset of the imaged seismic data, wherein said applying produces corrected seismic data;
wherein the corrected seismic data are usable in analyzing the formation.
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Abstract
System and method for performing anisotropy corrections of post-imaging seismic data for a subsurface formation. The method may receive seismic data, preferably pre-stack seismic data comprising a plurality of traces, e.g., collected from a plurality of source and receiver locations. The seismic data may be imaged/migrated to produce imaged seismic data, which is organized into an arrangement that preserves aspects of the relative seismic propagation angle in the subsurface. One or more anisotropic parameters and corresponding corrections may be determined by analyzing the organized imaged seismic data. The determined parameters or corrections may be used to correct at least a subset of the imaged seismic data, thereby producing corrected seismic data which is useable in analyzing the formation. The corrected data may then optionally be stacked to produce a collection of corrected stacked traces, and/or analyzed as desired. The pre-stack data and/or the corrected seismic data may optionally be displayed.
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Citations
33 Claims
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1. A carrier medium that stores program instructions for analyzing seismic data from a formation, wherein the program instructions are executable by one or more processors to perform:
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receiving seismic data, wherein the seismic data comprise a plurality of traces, and wherein the seismic data comprise pre-stack seismic data;
imaging the seismic data to produce imaged seismic data;
organizing the imaged seismic data into organized imaged seismic data that substantially preserve aspects of relative subsurface seismic propagation angle;
determining one or more anisotropic parameters based on the organized imaged seismic data; and
applying the determined one or more anisotropic parameters to at least a subset of the imaged seismic data, wherein said applying produces corrected seismic data;
wherein the corrected seismic data are usable in analyzing the formation. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29)
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30. A system for analyzing seismic data from a formation, comprising:
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a processor;
a memory medium coupled to the processor; and
an input, operable to receive seismic data, wherein the seismic data comprises a plurality of traces, and wherein the seismic data comprise pre-stack seismic data;
wherein the memory medium stores program instructions which are executable by the processor to;
image the received seismic data to produce pre-stack imaged seismic data;
organize the pre-stack imaged seismic data into an arrangement that substantially preserves aspects of the relative seismic propagation angle in the subsurface;
determine one or more anisotropic parameters based on the organized pre-stack imaged seismic data; and
apply the determined anisotropic parameters to at least a subset of the pre-stack imaged seismic data, wherein said applying produces corrected seismic data;
wherein the corrected seismic data are usable in analyzing the formation.
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31. A method for analyzing seismic data from a formation, the method comprising:
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receiving seismic data, wherein the seismic data comprise a plurality of traces, and wherein the seismic data comprise pre-stack seismic data;
imaging the seismic data to produce imaged seismic data;
organizing the imaged seismic data into an arrangement that substantially preserves aspects of the relative seismic propagation angle in the subsurface;
determining one or more anisotropic parameters based on the organized imaged seismic data; and
applying the determined anisotropic parameters to at least a subset of the imaged seismic data to produce corrected seismic data;
wherein the corrected seismic data are usable in analyzing the formation.
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32. A system for analyzing seismic data from a formation, comprising:
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means for receiving seismic data, wherein the seismic data comprises a plurality of traces, and wherein the seismic data comprise pre-stack seismic data;
means for imaging the seismic data to produce imaged seismic data;
means for organizing the imaged seismic data into an arrangement that substantially preserves aspects of the relative seismic propagation angle in the subsurface;
means for determining one or more anisotropic parameters based on the organized imaged seismic data; and
means for applying the determined one or more anisotropic parameters to at least a subset of the imaged seismic data to produce corrected seismic data;
wherein the corrected seismic data are usable in analyzing the formation.
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33. A method for analyzing seismic data from a formation, the method comprising:
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receiving seismic data, wherein the seismic data comprise a plurality of traces, and wherein the seismic data comprise pre-stack seismic data for the formation;
pre-stack time or depth migrating at least a portion of the seismic data, thereby generating output to a plurality of common image gathers that substantially preserve aspects of relative subsurface seismic propagation angle;
calculating one or more anisotropy corrections to selected individual common image gathers of the plurality of common image gathers using a 3D ray-tracing algorithm;
applying the one or more anisotropy corrections to the selected individual common image gathers of the plurality of common image gathers, thereby generating a corresponding one or more sets of corrected common image gathers;
iteratively examining visual representations of the corrected common image gathers and selecting a best anisotropy correction of the one or more anisotropy corrections based upon flatness of data and correlation to well information;
collecting anisotropic parameters corresponding to values of the best anisotropy correction at a plurality of times or depths, and spatial locations to construct a vertically and horizontally varying estimation of anisotropy parameters for a subsurface volume corresponding to the seismic data; and
pre-stack migrating the seismic data using the collected anisotropy parameters to generate a set of corrected seismic data, wherein the set of corrected seismic data is usable in analyzing the formation.
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Specification