Composite materials capable of hydrogen sorption and methods for the production thereof
First Claim
1. A composite material capable of continuously sorbing hydrogen, said composite material comprising:
- a plurality of particles of a non-evaporable getter material, said particles being coated over at least about 10% of their surfaces with a coating of one or more species selected from the group consisting of palladium, palladium oxide, palladium-silver alloys containing up to about 30% atomic percent silver, and compounds of palladium and said getter material.
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Abstract
A powder of a composite material comprising a non-evaporable getter material with a palladium coating continuously sorbs hydrogen. Embodiments in which the coverage of the palladium coating over the particles of the NEG material is complete can sorb hydrogen without the need for an activation treatment. Other embodiments in which the palladium coverage is less than total but greater than about 10% can also sorb gaseous species other than hydrogen. Loose powders, pressed powders, and sintered powders of the composite material are incorporated into getter devices and into the evacuated spaces of double-walled pipes, dewars, and thermal bottles. Methods for preparing powders of these composite materials utilize evaporative, sputter, and CVD deposition techniques. Another method prepares powders of the composite material by a liquid phase impregnation process.
41 Citations
37 Claims
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1. A composite material capable of continuously sorbing hydrogen, said composite material comprising:
a plurality of particles of a non-evaporable getter material, said particles being coated over at least about 10% of their surfaces with a coating of one or more species selected from the group consisting of palladium, palladium oxide, palladium-silver alloys containing up to about 30% atomic percent silver, and compounds of palladium and said getter material. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8)
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9. A method for the preparation of a composite material capable of continuously sorbing hydrogen, comprising:
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preparing a solution of a palladium compound in a solvent;
mixing a plurality of particles of a non-evaporable getter material into said solution;
evaporating said solvent to create a dried powder; and
thermally treating said dried powder to leave a palladium coating on said plurality of particles. - View Dependent Claims (10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15)
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16. A method for the preparation of a composite material capable of continuously sorbing hydrogen, comprising:
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preparing a thin powder bed of a plurality of particles of a non-evaporable getter material;
placing said thin powder bed into an evacuable chamber;
evacuating said chamber;
evaporating a precursor compound containing palladium within said chamber to deposit said precursor compound on said plurality of NEG particles; and
thermally treating said plurality of NEG particles to leave a palladium coating thereon. - View Dependent Claims (17, 18, 19, 20, 21)
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22. A method for the preparation of a composite material capable of continuously sorbing hydrogen, comprising:
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preparing a thin powder bed of a plurality of particles of a non-evaporable getter material;
placing said thin powder bed into an evacuable chamber;
evacuating said chamber; and
heating a wire of a palladium compound within said chamber to cause a portion of said wire to evaporate and deposit on said plurality of NEG particles. - View Dependent Claims (23, 24, 25)
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26. A method for the preparation of a composite material capable of continuously sorbing hydrogen, comprising:
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preparing a thin powder bed of a plurality of particles of a non-evaporable getter material;
placing said thin powder bed into an evacuable chamber;
evacuating said chamber; and
sputtering a target of a palladium compound within said chamber to cause a portion of said target to deposit on said plurality of NEG particles. - View Dependent Claims (27, 28, 29)
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30. A thermal insulation device, comprising:
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a sealable enclosure in which a high degree of vacuum is maintained; and
a plurality of particles of a non-evaporable getter material disposed within said enclosure, said particles being coated over at least about 10% of their surfaces with a coating of one or more species selected from the group consisting of palladium, palladium oxide, palladium-silver alloys containing up to about 30% atomic percent silver, and compounds of palladium and said getter material. - View Dependent Claims (31, 32, 33)
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34. A battery, comprising:
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a casing;
an anode disposed within said casing;
a cathode disposed within said casing;
an electrolyte disposed between said anode and said cathode; and
a plurality of particles of a non-evaporable getter material disposed within said casing, said particles being coated over at least about 10% of their surfaces with a coating of one or more species selected from the group consisting of palladium, palladium oxide, palladium-silver alloys containing up to about 30% atomic percent silver, and compounds of palladium and said getter material.
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35. A pressed and sintered pellet of a composite material capable of continuously sorbing hydrogen, comprising:
a plurality of particles of a non-evaporable getter material, said particles being coated over at least about 10% of their surfaces with a coating of one or more species selected from the group consisting of palladium, palladium oxide, palladium-silver alloys containing up to about 30% atomic percent silver, and compounds of palladium and said getter material.
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36. A getter device, comprising:
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a substrate having a surface; and
a plurality of particles of a non-evaporable getter material deposited on said surface of said substrate, said particles being coated over at least about 10% of their surfaces with a coating of one or more species selected from the group consisting of palladium, palladium oxide, palladium-silver alloys containing up to about 30% atomic percent silver, and compounds of palladium and said getter material.
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37. A getter device, comprising:
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a container having an opening; and
a plurality of particles of a non-evaporable getter material disposed within said container, said particles being coated over at least about 10% of their surfaces with a coating of one or more species selected from the group consisting of palladium, palladium oxide, palladium-silver alloys containing up to about 30% atomic percent silver, and compounds of palladium and said getter material.
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Specification