Organic light active devices and methods for fabricating the same
First Claim
1. ) An OLED device, comprising:
- a first electrode;
a second electrode disposed adjacent to the first electrode and defining a gap there between;
an OLED particulate; and
a carrier material disposed within said gap and containing said OLED particulate.
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Abstract
A method for fabricating organic light active devices using field-attractive Organic Light Active Material (“OLAM™”) microcapsules. The OLAM microcapsules are randomly dispersed within a monomer carrier fluid that is injected or otherwise disposed between two electrodes. The OLAM microcapsules may include additives that impart rheological properties, and other electrical, mechanical, optical and magnetic properties. The OLAM microcapsules form chains between the electrodes when an aligning field is applied. Holding the aligning field to keep the chains formed, the carrier fluid is cured and the OLAM microcapsule chains are locked into alignment between the electrodes. The problem of contamination of the OLAM material is the major factor limiting the display life span, and thus is a bar to commercial success. This fabrication method results in the corrosion sensitive OLAM material being protected by the microcapsule shell and the cured carrier, and the pixel alignment is automatic, since the OLAM microcapsule chains are formed only between the electrodes. This pixel an-ay structure also greatly limits cross talk between pixels and the optical properties of the cured monomer can be controlled to improve contrast, display brightness, and display qualities. This OLAM fabrication method can be used for applications such as general lighting, display backlighting, video displays, digital maps, digital newspapers, stereoscopic vision aides, advanced vehicle windshields, solar cells, cameras, dynamic windows and photodetectors.
292 Citations
31 Claims
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1. ) An OLED device, comprising:
- a first electrode;
a second electrode disposed adjacent to the first electrode and defining a gap there between;
an OLED particulate; and
a carrier material disposed within said gap and containing said OLED particulate. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13)
- a first electrode;
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14. ) A method for forming an OLED device, comprising the steps of:
- providing a first electrode and a second electrode defining a gap there between;
disposing within the gap field reactive OLED particulate randomly dispersed within a fluid carrier.
- providing a first electrode and a second electrode defining a gap there between;
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15. ) A method for forming an OLED device according to claim;
- further comprising the step of applying an aligning field between the first electrode and the second electrode to form a desired orientation of the field reactive OLED particulate within the fluid carrier between the first electrode and the second electrode.
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16. ) A method for forming an OLED device according to claim;
- wherein the carrier comprises a hardenable material; and
further comprising the steps of curing the carrier to form a hardened carrier for maintaining the desired orientation of the field reactive OLED particulate within the hardened carrier.
- wherein the carrier comprises a hardenable material; and
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17. ) A method for forming an OLED device according to claim;
- wherein the OLED particulate is formed by the steps of providing a first particle comprised of a hole transport material having a net first electrical charge and providing a second particle comprised of an electron transport material having a net second electrical charge, the first electrical charge being opposite polarity from the second electrical charge;
bringing the first particle and the second particle together to form a unified OLED particulate having a hole transport layer and an electron transport layer forming a heterojunction between them. - View Dependent Claims (18)
- wherein the OLED particulate is formed by the steps of providing a first particle comprised of a hole transport material having a net first electrical charge and providing a second particle comprised of an electron transport material having a net second electrical charge, the first electrical charge being opposite polarity from the second electrical charge;
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19. ) A method for forming an OLED device according to claim;
- wherein the OLED particulate is formed by microencapsulating an internal phase within a shell, at least one of the internal phase and the shell including an OLED material and at least one of the internal phase and the shell including a field reactive material comprising at least one of an electrostatic material and a magnetically reactive material.
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20. ) A method for forming an OLED device according to claim;
- wherein the OLED particulate is formed by microencapsulating an internal phase within a shell, the internal phase comprising at least one of an OLED emitter material and an OLED hole transport material in a solution.
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21. ) A method for forming an OLED device according to claim;
- wherein at least one of the internal phase and the shell includes a field reactive component.
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22. ) A method for forming an OLED device according to claim;
- wherein at least one of the first electrode and the second electrode comprises an electrode grid for forming OLED pixels between the first electrode and the second electrode.
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23. ) A method for forming an OLED device according to claim;
- wherein the first electrode and the second electrode comprise sheet electrodes so as to form a general lighting OLED device.
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24. ) An OLED device, comprising:
- a first OLED pixel layer comprised of a first layer electrode, a second layer electrode disposed adjacent to the first electrode and defining a first layer gap there between, an OLED particulate, and a carrier material disposed within said first layer gap and containing said OLED particulate; and
at least one subsequent OLED pixel layer comprised of a first subsequent layer electrode, a second subsequent layer electrode disposed adjacent to the first electrode and defining a second layer gap there between, an OLED particulate; and
a carrier material disposed within said second layer gap and containing said OLED particulate.
- a first OLED pixel layer comprised of a first layer electrode, a second layer electrode disposed adjacent to the first electrode and defining a first layer gap there between, an OLED particulate, and a carrier material disposed within said first layer gap and containing said OLED particulate; and
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25. ) An OLED device according to claim;
- wherein said OLED particulate of the first OLED pixel layer emits light of a first wavelength range in response to a driving voltage being applied to the first layer electrode and the second layer electrode; and
each said OLED particulate of each said subsequent OLED pixel layer emits light of a different wavelength range in response to the driving voltage being applied to each first subsequent layer electrode and each second subsequent layer electrode. - View Dependent Claims (26, 27, 29)
- wherein said OLED particulate of the first OLED pixel layer emits light of a first wavelength range in response to a driving voltage being applied to the first layer electrode and the second layer electrode; and
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28. ) An OLED device according to claim;
- wherein the second layer electrode comprises the same electrode as the first subsequent layer electrode.
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30. ) An OLED device according to claim;
- wherein said OLED particulate of the first OLED pixel layer emits electrical energy in response to reception of photons of a first wavelength range and applies the electrical energy as a detectable signal to the first layer electrode and the second layer electrode; and
each said OLED particulate of each said subsequent OLED pixel layer emits electrical energy in response to reception of photons of a different wavelength range and applied the electrical energy as a detectable signal to each first subsequent layer electrode and each second subsequent layer electrode.
- wherein said OLED particulate of the first OLED pixel layer emits electrical energy in response to reception of photons of a first wavelength range and applies the electrical energy as a detectable signal to the first layer electrode and the second layer electrode; and
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31. ) An OLED device according to claim;
- wherein said OLED particulate of at least one said subsequent OLED pixel layer emits electrical energy in response to reception of photons and applies the electrical energy as a detectable signal to said first subsequent layer electrode and said second subsequent layer electrode of said at least one said subsequent OLED pixel layer.
Specification