Weighted multi-input variable gain amplifier

• US 20040119477A1
• Filed: 12/23/2002
• Published: 06/24/2004
• Est. Priority Date: 12/23/2002
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Intel Corporation
• Original Assignee: Intel Corporation
• Inventors: Kazemi-Nia, Mehdi
• Granted Patent: US 7,212,041 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 324/500
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 1/20 using signal quality detector

Abstract

A limiting amplifier (LIA), used for example in high speed optical communication systems, includes a loss of signal (LOS) feature that may provide improved optical receiver performance and includes wide range user-programmable thresholds for generating analog loss of signal (LOS) alarms. In particular, multiple sampling points within the limiting amplifier may be used. These samples may be differentially amplified with weighted gains and then combined and compared to a threshold value to generate an LOS alarm signal.

Claims

1. A loss of signal (LOS) detection circuit, comprising:

a plurality of detectors to detect a signal from a plurality of sampling points in an amplifier chain;

a plurality of differential amplifiers for amplifying outputs of said plurality of detectors;

an adder to add outputs of said plurality of differential amplifiers; and

a comparator to compare an output of said adder to a threshold value and output an LOS alarm signal if said output of said adder is below said threshold value.

2. The LOS detection circuit as recited in claim 1 wherein said detectors are peak detectors.

3. The LOS detection circuit as recited in claim 1 wherein said plurality of differential amplifiers each have a different gain.

4. The LOS detection circuit as recited in claim 3 wherein the gain of each of said differential amplifiers is variable.

5. The LOS detection circuit as recited in claim 4, further comprising:

a variable resistor to vary the gain of said plurality of differential amplifiers.

6. The LOS detection circuit as recited in claim 1 wherein said amplifier chain comprises a limiting amplifier circuit having a plurality of amplifier stages connected in series.

7. A limiting amplifier (LIA) having a loss of signal (LOS) circuit, comprising:

a plurality of amplifier stages connected in series to progressively amplify an input signal;

a plurality of sampling points after ones of said plurality of amplifier stages;

a plurality of peak detectors each connected to one of said plurality of sampling points;

a plurality of differential amplifiers each connected to receive an output from one of said plurality of peak detectors;

a circuit to combine an output from each of said plurality of differential amplifiers to output a combined signal; and

a comparator to output a LOS alarm signal if said combined signal is below a threshold value.

8. The LIA having a LOS circuit as recited in claim 7 wherein said plurality of differential amplifiers have different gains.

9. The LIA having a LOS circuit as recited in claim 8 wherein ones of said plurality of differential amplifiers corresponding to earlier ones of said plurality of amplifiers connected in series have higher gains.

10. The LIA having a LOS circuit as recited in claim 9, further comprising:

a means for varying the gains of said differential amplifiers to program a desired LOS threshold voltage.

11. The LIA having a LOS circuit as recited in claim 9 wherein said means for varying comprises a variable resistor.

12. The LIA having a LOS circuit as recited in claim 7 wherein said plurality of differential amplifiers linearize signals output by said peak detectors.

13. A method for generating a loss of signal (LOS) alarm signal, comprising:

sampling a signal at a plurality of sampling points after each of a plurality of amplifier stages;

differentially amplifying sampled signals;

combining said differentially amplified signals to produce a combined signal; and

outputting an LOS alarm signal if said combined signal is below a threshold value.

14. A method for generating a LOS alarm signal as recited in claim 13 wherein each of said differentially amplified signals is amplified with a different gain.

15. A method for generating a LOS alarm signal as recited in claim 13 further comprising:

varying the gain of the differentially amplified signals.

16. A method for generating a LOS alarm signal as recited in claim 13, further comprising:

varying value of a variable resistor to vary the gain of the differentially amplified signals.

17. A method for generating a LOS alarm signal as recited in claim 13 wherein said combining comprises adding said differently amplified signals.

18. A method for generating a LOS alarm signal as recited in claim 13 further comprising:

limiting a voltage output by said plurality of amplifier stages.

19. A method for generating a LOS alarm signal as recited in claim 14 further comprising:

differentially amplifying weaker signals with a greater gain.

20. A method for generating a LOS alarm signal as recited in claim 16 further comprising:

providing a table relating variable resistor values to LOS thresholds.

21. A method for generating a loss of signal (LOS) alarm signal as recited in claim 13, further comprising:

selecting ones of said plurality of sampling points.

22. An amplifier circuit, comprising:

a plurality inputs to receive a plurality of sampled signals;

a plurality of differential amplifiers each connected to one of said plurality of inputs, and

an adder to add a signal output from each of said plurality of differential amplifiers to produce a combined signal.

23. The amplifier circuit as recited in claim 22 wherein said plurality of inputs can be selected.

24. The amplifier circuit as recited in claim 22, further comprising:

a limiting amplifier circuit comprising a chain of amplifier stages connected in series, wherein sampling points of each of said sampled signals are positioned after ones of said amplifier stages.

25. The amplifier circuit as recited in claim 24 further comprising:

a plurality of detectors positioned between said sampling points and said plurality of inputs.

26. The amplifier circuit as recited in claim 24 wherein gains of each of said plurality of differential amplifiers is inversely proportional to a gain at a respective sampling point in said chain of amplifier stages.

27. The amplifier circuit as recited in claim 26, wherein said gains of each of said plurality of differential amplifiers is variable.

28. The amplifier circuit as recited in claim 27, further comprising:

a variable resistor to vary said gains of said plurality of differential amplifiers.

29. The amplifier circuit as recited in claim 27, further comprising a comparator to output an alarm signal if said combined signal is below a threshold value.