Head-up display with polarized light source and wide-angle p-polarization reflective polarizer

• US 20040135742A1
• Filed: 12/31/2002
• Published: 07/15/2004
• Est. Priority Date: 12/31/2002
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: 3M Innovative Properties Company (3M Company)
• Original Assignee: 3M Innovative Properties Company (3M Company)
• Inventors: Wheatley, John A., Weber, Michael F., Ouderkirk, Andrew J., Brodd, Jonathan
• Granted Patent: US 6,952,312 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 345/7
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 17/10036 comprising two outer glass sheets
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 17/10458 Polarization selective transmission
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 17/10761 containing vinyl acetal
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 2027/012 comprising devices for attenuating parasitic image effects
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 27/0101 characterised by optical features G02B27/0172 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G02B 5/305 including organic materials, e.g. polymeric layers

Abstract

A head-up display includes a projection system and a window having a target area where a reflective polarizer is positioned to reflect light from the projection system to a viewing area. Light from the projection system is p-polarized and strikes exposed window surface(s) at an acute angle to reduce or eliminate multiple or “ghost” images. The acute angle is closely matched to a Brewster angle of the exposed window surface(s). The reflective polarizer includes a multilayer stack with refractive indices of individual layers chosen to reflect p-polarized light substantially more than s-polarized light over a wide angular range that includes the acute angle. The reflective polarizer also can reflect infrared light to reduce cabin heating from solar radiation.

Claims

1. A system for displaying information to a viewing position, comprising:

a window member having a target area and at least a first exposed window surface at the target area, the first exposed window surface having associated therewith a first normal axis;

a display source that emits polarized light toward the target area along an illumination axis that makes an acute angle θ

₁ with respect to the first normal axis, the emitted light being substantially p-polarized and comprising at least one visible wavelength of interest; and

a reflective polarizer disposed proximate the target area to reflect at least some of the p-polarized light from the display source towards the viewing position;

wherein the reflective polarizer has a higher reflectivity for p-polarized light than for s-polarized light at the at least one visible wavelength of interest over an angular range of incidence angles that includes the angle θ

₁.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein the window member comprises a second exposed window surface, and the reflective polarizer is disposed between the first and second exposed window surfaces.

3. The system of claim 2, wherein the window member comprises at least two window layers, and the reflective polarizer is disposed between the at least two window layers.

4. The system of claim 1, wherein the angular range is at least 20 degrees.

5. The system of claim 4, wherein the angular range is at least 40 degrees.

6. The system of claim 4, wherein the angular range is at least 60 degrees.

7. The system of claim 1, wherein the reflective polarizer has at least about 20% reflectivity at the at least one visible wavelength of interest for p-polarized light incident in a first plane normal to the reflective polarizer over the angular range.

8. The system of claim 7, wherein the reflective polarizer has at least about 40% reflectivity at the at least one visible wavelength of interest for p-polarized light incident in the first plane over the angular range.

9. The system of claim 1, wherein the reflective polarizer has less than about 10% reflectivity at the at least one visible wavelength of interest for s-polarized light incident in a first plane normal to the reflective polarizer over the angular range.

10. The system of claim 9, wherein the reflective polarizer has less than about 5% reflectivity at the at least one visible wavelength of interest for s-polarized light incident in the first plane over the angular range.

11. The system of claim 1, wherein the first exposed window surface has associated therewith a Brewster angle θ

_B at the at least one visible wavelength of interest, and wherein θ

₁ differs from θ

_B by less than about 10 degrees.

12. The system of claim 11, wherein θ

₁ differs from θ

_B by less than about 5 degrees.

13. The system of claim 1, wherein the reflective polarizer is selected from the group of a z-matched reflective polarizer, a negative z-mismatched reflective polarizer, and an off-axis polarizer.

14. The system of claim 1, wherein the reflective polarizer comprises at least one reflection band for wavelengths greater than about 700 nanometers for normally incident light.

15. A system for displaying information to a viewing position, comprising:

a window member having a target area and at least a first exposed window surface at the target area, the first exposed window surface having associated therewith a first normal axis;

a display source that emits polarized light toward the target area along an illumination axis that makes an acute angle θ

₁ with respect to the first normal axis, the emitted light being substantially p-polarized and comprising at least one visible wavelength of interest; and

a reflective polarizer disposed proximate the target area to reflect at least some of the p-polarized light from the display source towards the viewing position;

wherein the first normal axis and the illumination axis define a first plane, and the reflective polarizer is substantially transparent for s-polarized light and substantially reflective for p-polarized light at the at least one visible wavelength of interest for light incident in the first plane over an angular range that includes the illumination axis.

16. The system of claim 15, wherein the first exposed window surface has associated therewith a Brewster angle θ

_B at the at least one visible wavelength of interest, and wherein θ

₁ differs from θ

_B by less than about 5 degrees.

17. The system of claim 15, wherein the wide angular range is at least 20 degrees.

18. The system of claim 15, wherein the reflective polarizer has at least about 40% reflectivity for p-polarized light and less than about 5% reflectivity for s-polarized light at the at least one visible wavelength of interest and over the wide angular range.

19. A system for displaying information to a viewing position, comprising:

a window member having a target area and at least a first exposed window surface at the target area and a second exposed window surface opposed to the first exposed window surface, the first exposed window surface having associated therewith a first normal axis;

a display source that emits polarized light toward the target area along an illumination axis that makes an acute angle θ

₁ with respect to the first normal axis, the emitted light being substantially p-polarized and comprising at least one visible wavelength of interest; and

a reflective polarizer disposed proximate the target area to reflect at least some of the p-polarized light from the display source towards the viewing position;

wherein the reflective polarizer is disposed between the first and second exposed window surfaces, and the reflective polarizer reflects p-polarized light more than s-polarized light for light at the at least one visible wavelength of interest and incident along the illumination axis.

20. The system of claim 19, wherein the first exposed window surface has associated therewith a Brewster angle θ

_B at the at least one visible wavelength of interest, and wherein θ

₁ differs from θ

_B by less than about 5 degrees.

21. The system of claim 19, wherein the reflective polarizer has at least about 40% reflectivity for p-polarized light and less than about 5% reflectivity for s-polarized light for light at the at least one visible wavelength of interest and incident along the illumination axis.

22. The system of claim 21, wherein the reflective polarizer further has at least about 40% reflectivity for p-polarized light and less than about 5% reflectivity for s-polarized light for light at the at least one visible wavelength of interest and incident within an angular range of at least 20 degrees, which angular range includes the illumination axis.

23. A component suitable for use in a HUD system, comprising:

a window member having a target area and at least a first exposed window surface at the target area, the first exposed window surface having associated therewith a first normal axis and a Brewster angle θ

_B; and

a reflective polarizer disposed proximate the target area;

wherein the reflective polarizer has a higher reflectivity for p-polarized light than for s-polarized light for at least one visible wavelength of interest and for light having a first incidence direction that makes an angle θ

_B with the first normal axis.

24. The component of claim 23, wherein the window member further has a second exposed window surface opposed to the first exposed window surface, and wherein the reflective polarizer is disposed between the first and second exposed window surfaces.

25. The component of claim 24, wherein the window member comprises at least two window layers, and the reflective polarizer is disposed between the at least two window layers.

26. The component of claim 23, wherein the reflective polarizer is selected from the group of a z-matched reflective polarizer, a negative z-mismatched reflective polarizer, and an off-axis polarizer.

27. The component of claim 23, wherein the reflective polarizer has a higher reflectivity for p-polarized light than for s-polarized light for at least one visible wavelength of interest and for light having a range of angles of at least 20 degrees, which range of angles includes the first incidence direction.