Self-emitting element, display panel, display apparatus, and method of manufacturing self-emitting element
First Claim
1. A self-emitting element comprising:
- a light-emitting layer that is disposed between electrodes and that emits light upon applying a voltage between the electrodes;
a protective layer that covers an emitting side of the light-emitting layer, forms an interface between the protective layer and an external medium, and has a thickness that allows the light emitted from the light-emitting layer to undergo total reflection at least once at the interface in an area of the light-emitting layer;
a reflective layer that covers an opposite side, as viewed from the light-emitting layer, of the protective layer; and
an angle changer that is disposed at a periphery of the light-emitting layer, and changes a direction of the light propagating in the protective layer so that the light is incident on the interface at less than a critical angle.
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Accused Products
Abstract
A display panel includes a light-emitting layer, a protective layer, a reflective layer, and a reflective surface. The protective layer is deposited on an emitting side of the light-emitting layer and forms an interface with an external medium. The protective layer has a thickness that allows the light emitted from the light-emitting layer to undergo total reflection at least once at the interface in an area of the light-emitting layer. The reflective layer is deposited on an opposite side of the protective layer with respect to the light-emitting layer. The reflective surface is at a periphery of the light-emitting layer and changes the direction of the light propagating inside the protective layer emitted from the light-emitting layer.
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Citations
21 Claims
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1. A self-emitting element comprising:
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a light-emitting layer that is disposed between electrodes and that emits light upon applying a voltage between the electrodes;
a protective layer that covers an emitting side of the light-emitting layer, forms an interface between the protective layer and an external medium, and has a thickness that allows the light emitted from the light-emitting layer to undergo total reflection at least once at the interface in an area of the light-emitting layer;
a reflective layer that covers an opposite side, as viewed from the light-emitting layer, of the protective layer; and
an angle changer that is disposed at a periphery of the light-emitting layer, and changes a direction of the light propagating in the protective layer so that the light is incident on the interface at less than a critical angle. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7)
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8. A display panel comprising:
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a plurality of light-emitting layers, each of the light-emitting layers being disposed between electrodes, and emitting light upon applying a voltage between the electrodes;
a protective layer that covers an emitting side of the light-emitting layers, forms an interface between the protective layer and an external medium, and has a thickness that allows the light emitted from the light-emitting layers to undergo total reflection at least once at the interface in an area of the corresponding light-emitting layer;
a reflective layer that covers an opposite side, as viewed from the light-emitting layers, of the protective layer; and
a plurality of angle changers, each of the angle changer being disposed at a periphery of each of the light-emitting layers, that change direction of the light propagating in the protective layer so that the light is incident on the interface at less than a critical angle. - View Dependent Claims (9, 10)
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11. A display apparatus comprising:
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a display panel includes a plurality of light-emitting layers, each of the light-emitting layers being disposed between electrodes and emitting light upon applying a voltage between the electrodes;
a protective layer that covers an emitting side of the light-emitting layers, forms an interface between the protective layer and an external medium, and has a thickness that allows the light emitted from the light-emitting layers to undergo total reflection at least once at the interface in an area of the corresponding light-emitting layer;
a reflective layer that covers an opposite side, as viewed from each of the light-emitting layers, of the protective layer; and
a plurality of angle changer, each of the angle changer being disposed at a periphery of each of the light-emitting layers, that change direction of the light propagating in the protective layer so that the light is incident on the interface at less than a critical angle; and
a drive unit that drives the light-emitting layers of the display panel and displays an image.
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12. A method of manufacturing a self-emitting element, wherein the self-emitting element includes a light-emitting layer that is disposed between electrodes and that emits light upon applying a voltage between the electrodes;
- a protective layer that covers an emitting side of the light-emitting layer, forms an interface between the protective layer and an external medium, and has a thickness that allows the light emitted from the light-emitting layer to undergo total reflection at least once at the interface in an area of the corresponding light-emitting layer;
a reflective layer that covers an opposite side, as viewed from the light-emitting layer, of the protective layer; and
an angle changer that is disposed at a periphery of the light-emitting layer, and changes direction of the light propagating in the protective layer so that the light is incident on the interface at less than a critical angle, the method comprising;
forming a bank, as the angle changer, that projects on the emitting side to separate the light-emitting layer from other light-emitting layer; and
forming the protective layer in an area that is enclosed with the bank.
- a protective layer that covers an emitting side of the light-emitting layer, forms an interface between the protective layer and an external medium, and has a thickness that allows the light emitted from the light-emitting layer to undergo total reflection at least once at the interface in an area of the corresponding light-emitting layer;
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13. A method of manufacturing a self-emitting element, wherein the self-emitting element includes a light-emitting layer that is disposed between electrodes and that emits light upon applying a voltage between the electrodes;
- a protective layer that covers an emitting side of the light-emitting layer, forms an interface between the protective layer and an external medium, and has a thickness that allows the light emitted from the light-emitting layer to undergo total reflection at least once at the interface in an area of the corresponding light-emitting layer;
a reflective layer that covers an opposite side, as viewed from the light-emitting layer, of the protective layer; and
an angle changer that is disposed at a periphery of the light-emitting layer, and changes direction of the light propagating in the protective layer so that the light is incident on the interface at less than a critical angle, the method comprising;
forming a protrusion as the angle changer with an insulating material to separate the light-emitting layer from other light-emitting layer so that the protrusion is protruded from a bank that projects on the light-emitting side; and
forming the protective layer in an area that is enclosed with the protrusion.
- a protective layer that covers an emitting side of the light-emitting layer, forms an interface between the protective layer and an external medium, and has a thickness that allows the light emitted from the light-emitting layer to undergo total reflection at least once at the interface in an area of the corresponding light-emitting layer;
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14. A self-emitting element comprising:
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a display layer that includes a light-emitting element; and
an output layer that is transparent, is disposed in an emitting direction of the display layer, and includes an angle changer that changes a direction of light output from the light-emitting element to a direction of the emitting side, wherein a refractive index of the output layer is either almost the same as or greater than a refractive index of the light-emitting element. - View Dependent Claims (15, 16, 17, 18)
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19. A display panel comprising a plurality of self-emitting elements that are arranged two-dimensionally in a matrix form, wherein each of the self-emitting elements includes
a display layer that includes a light-emitting element; - and
an output layer that is transparent, is disposed in an emitting direction of the display layer, and includes an angle changer that changes a direction of light output from the light-emitting element to a direction of the emitting side, wherein a refractive index of the output layer is either almost the same as or greater than a refractive index of the light-emitting element.
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20. A display apparatus comprising:
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a display panel includes a plurality of self-emitting elements that are arranged two-dimensionally in a matrix form, wherein each of the self-emitting elements includes a display layer that includes a light-emitting element; and
an output layer that is transparent, is disposed in an emitting direction of the display layer, and includes an angle changer that changes a direction of light output from the light-emitting element to a direction of the emitting side, wherein a refractive index of the output layer is either almost the same as or greater than a refractive index of the light-emitting element; and
a drive unit that drives the display layer of the display panel and displays an image.
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21. A self-emitting element comprising:
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a light-emitting layer that is disposed between electrodes and that emits light upon applying a voltage between the electrodes;
a protective layer that covers an emitting side of the light-emitting layer, forms an interface between the protective layer and an external medium, and has a thickness that allows the light emitted from the light-emitting layer to undergo total reflection at least once at the interface in an area of the corresponding light-emitting layer;
a reflective layer that covers an opposite side, as viewed from the light-emitting layer, of the protective layer; and
an angle changer that is disposed at a periphery of the light-emitting layer, and changes a direction of the light propagating in the protective layer so that the light is incident on the interface at less than a critical angle, wherein a refractive index of the protective layer is either almost the same as or greater than a refractive index of the light-emitting layer.
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Specification