Method and system for comparative genomics for organisms using temperature gradient electrophoresis
First Claim
1. A method of determining whether a sequence of a first portion of a polynucleotide of a first organism and a sequence of a first portion of a polynucleotide of a second organism comprise a mismatch, the method comprising:
- preparing a plurality of duplexes, the duplexes comprising;
(i) a first polynucleotide strand having a sequence corresponding to a sequence of a first portion of genomic DNA of a first organism; and
(ii) a first complementary polynucleotide strand having a sequence corresponding to a sequence of a first portion of genomic DNA of a second organism;
subjecting the duplexes to temperature gradient electrophoresis to obtain first electrophoresis data indicative of the presence of a mismatch between (a) the sequence of the first portion of the genomic DNA of the first organism and (b) the sequence of the complementary portion of the genomic DNA of the second organism.
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Abstract
A first aspect of the invention relates to a method of determining whether a sequence of a first portion of a polynucleotide of a first organism and a sequence of a first portion of a polynucleotide of a second organism comprise a mismatch. The method may comprise preparing a plurality of duplexes, which may comprise either or both of (i) a first polynucleotide strand having a sequence corresponding to a sequence of a first portion of genomic DNA of a first organism and (ii) a first complementary polynucleotide strand having a sequence corresponding to a sequence of a first portion of genomic DNA of a second organism.
The duplexes may be subjected to temperature gradient electrophoresis (TGE) to obtain first electrophoresis data indicative of the presence of a mismatch between (a) the sequence of the first portion of the genomic DNA of the first organism and (b) the sequence of the complementary portion of the genomic DNA of the second organism.
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Citations
56 Claims
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1. A method of determining whether a sequence of a first portion of a polynucleotide of a first organism and a sequence of a first portion of a polynucleotide of a second organism comprise a mismatch, the method comprising:
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preparing a plurality of duplexes, the duplexes comprising;
(i) a first polynucleotide strand having a sequence corresponding to a sequence of a first portion of genomic DNA of a first organism; and
(ii) a first complementary polynucleotide strand having a sequence corresponding to a sequence of a first portion of genomic DNA of a second organism;
subjecting the duplexes to temperature gradient electrophoresis to obtain first electrophoresis data indicative of the presence of a mismatch between (a) the sequence of the first portion of the genomic DNA of the first organism and (b) the sequence of the complementary portion of the genomic DNA of the second organism. - View Dependent Claims (2)
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3. A method of determining whether a sequence of a first portion of a polynucleotide of a first organism and a sequence of a first portion of a polynucleotide of a second organism comprise a difference, the method comprising:
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amplifying at least a first portion of a polynucleotide of a first organism to prepare amplicons of the first organism, the amplicons of the first organism corresponding to a sequence of the polynucleotide of the first portion of the first organism;
amplifying at least a first portion of a polynucleotide of a second organism to prepare amplicons of the second organism, the amplicons of the second organism corresponding to a sequence of the polynucleotide of the first portion of the second organism;
preparing a plurality of duplexes, at least some of the duplexes comprising amplicons of the first organism and amplicons of the second organism;
subjecting the duplexes to temperature gradient electrophoresis to obtain first electrophoresis data indicative of the presence of a difference between (a) a sequence of the first portion of the polynucleotide of the first organism and (b) a sequence of the first portion of the polynucleotide of the second organism. - View Dependent Claims (4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9)
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- 10. The method of claim 10, wherein the polynucleotide of the first organism comprises genomic DNA of the first organism.
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15. A method of determining whether a sequence of a first portion of a polynucleotide of a first organism and a sequence of a first portion of a polynucleotide of a second organism comprise a difference, the method comprising:
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amplifying at least a first portion of a polynucleotide of a first organism to prepare first amplicons of the first organism;
amplifying at least a first portion of a polynucleotide of a second organism to prepare first amplicons of the second organism;
denaturing the first amplicons of the first organism;
denaturing the first amplicons of the second organism;
subjecting a mixture comprising the respective denatured first amplicons of the first and second organisms to annealing; and
subjecting the respective first amplicons of the first and second organisms to temperature gradient electrophoresis to obtain first electrophoresis data indicative of the presence of a difference between (a) a sequence of the first portion of the polynucleotide of the first organism and (b) a sequence of the first portion of the polynucleotide of the second organism. - View Dependent Claims (16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46)
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47. A method of determining a sequence of a portion of a polynucleotide of a first organism, comprising:
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amplifying;
(a) a plurality of sub-portions of a polynucleotide of a first organism to prepare amplicons corresponding to the sub-portions of the polynucleotide of the first organism and (b) a plurality of sub-portions of a polynucleotide of a second organism to prepare amplicons corresponding to the sub-portions of the polynucleotide of the second organism, the sub-portions of the second organism each having a known sequence;
forming a plurality of duplexes comprising an amplicon of the first organism and an at least partially complementary amplicon of the second organism;
subjecting the duplexes to temperature gradient electrophoresis to obtain, for respective duplexes, electrophoresis data indicative of the presence of a mismatch between the amplicon of the first organism and the at least partially complementary amplicon of the second organism;
determining duplexes having a mismatch;
for duplexes determined to have a mismatch, determining the identity of the mismatch between the amplicon of the first organism and the at least partially complementary amplicon of the second organism based on the known sequences of the corresponding sub-portion of the second organism; and
determining the sequence of at least a portion of the polynucleotide of the first organism based on (a) the known sequences of sub-portions of the second organism determined from the electrophoresis data not to have a mismatch with sub-portions of the first organism and (b) the identity of mismatches between amplicons of the first and second organisms.
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48. A method of determining whether a sequence of a first portion of a polynucleotide of a first organism and a sequence of a first portion of a polynucleotide of a second organism comprise a difference, the method comprising:
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amplifying at least a first portion of a polynucleotide of a first organism to prepare first amplicons of the first organism;
amplifying at least a first portion of a polynucleotide of a second organism to prepare first amplicons of the second organism;
denaturing the first amplicons of the first organism;
denaturing the first amplicons of the second organism;
subjecting a mixture comprising the respective denatured first amplicons of the first and second organisms to annealing; and
subjecting the respective first amplicons of the first and second organisms to temperature gradient electrophoresis to obtain first electrophoresis data indicative of the presence of a difference between (a) a sequence of the first portion of the polynucleotide of the first organism and (b) a sequence of the first portion of the polynucleotide of the second organism.
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49. A method of determining whether a sequence of a first portion of a polynucleotide of a first organism and a sequence of a first portion of a polynucleotide of a second organism comprise a difference, the method comprising:
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combining a polynucleotide of a first organism and a polynucleotide of a second organism, the polynucleotide of the first organism comprising a first portion and the polynucleotide of the second organism comprising a first portion;
amplifying at least the first portion of the polynucleotide of the first organism and the first portion of the polynucleotide of the second organism to prepare first amplicons comprising the amplified first portions;
denaturing the first amplicons;
annealing the first amplicons; and
subjecting the first amplicons to temperature gradient electrophoresis to obtain first electrophoresis data indicative of the presence of a difference between a sequence of the first portion of the polynucleotide of the first organism and a sequence of the first portion of the polynucleotide of the second organism. - View Dependent Claims (50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55)
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56. A method of determining a sequence of at least a portion of a genome of a first organism, comprising:
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providing reference DNA obtained from a genome of a reference organism;
providing PCR primers suitable for amplifying the reference DNA;
using the PCR primers to amplify the reference DNA in the presence of the portion of the genome of the first organism to thereby obtain amplicons;
subjecting the amplicons to temperature gradient electrophoresis (TGE) to obtain electrophoresis data;
identifying at least one amplicon indicative of a variance between the reference DNA and the portion of the genome of the first organism based on the electrophoresis data;
sequencing the at least one amplicon indicative of a variance to determine the sequence of the portion of the genome of the first organism.
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Specification