Sliver type autonomous biosensors
First Claim
1. A sensor probe for detection of an analyte in solution the probe comprising:
- a sensing element which exhibits a detectable change in response to the analyte, the sensing element including;
an immobilized optical sensing system comprising;
an enzyme capable of catalyzing a reaction of the analyte to form a reaction product, an ionophore which extracts an ion from the reaction product, and a chromoionophore sensitive to the ion which exhibits a detectable color change in response to the ion.
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Accused Products
Abstract
In vivo or in vitro monitoring of chemical and biochemical species (e.g., pH, or glucose levels) in the interstitial fluid of patients or in a sample of a fluid to be analyzed is provided by a probe (10, 70, 210, 270). For in vivo monitoring, the probe is readily inserted by a minimally invasive method. Optical or electrochemical sensing methods are employed to detect a physical or chemical change, such as pH, color, electrical potential, electric current, or the like, which is indicative of the concentration of the species or chemical property to be detected. Visual observation by the patient may be sufficient to monitor certain biochemicals (e.g., glucose) with this approach. A CAP membrane allows high enzyme loadings, and thus enables use of microminiature probes, and/or diagnosis of low levels of the analyte(s), with sufficient signal-to-noise ratio and low background current.
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Citations
63 Claims
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1. A sensor probe for detection of an analyte in solution the probe comprising:
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a sensing element which exhibits a detectable change in response to the analyte, the sensing element including;
an immobilized optical sensing system comprising;
an enzyme capable of catalyzing a reaction of the analyte to form a reaction product, an ionophore which extracts an ion from the reaction product, and a chromoionophore sensitive to the ion which exhibits a detectable color change in response to the ion. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30)
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- 31. The sensing system of claim 31, wherein the detector is capable of detecting a color change of the optical sensing element when the sensor probe is in the skin of a subject, and the detector is external to the skin.
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33. A sensor probe comprising:
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a plurality of sensing elements capable of simultaneous detection of analytes in a fluid, including;
a first sensing element which detects a first analyte selected from the group consisting of glucose, lactate, oxygen, galactose, urea, creatinin, pH, K+, and Na+;
a second sensing element which detects a second analyte different from the first analyte, selected from the group consisting of glucose, lactate, oxygen, galactose, urea, creatinin, pH, K+, and Na+. - View Dependent Claims (34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47)
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48. A sensor probe for detection of an analyte in solution the probe comprising:
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a sensing element which exhibits a detectable change in response to the analyte, the sensing element including;
an immobilized optical sensing system comprising;
an enzyme capable of catalyzing a reaction of the analyte to from a reaction product, the enzyme being immobilized on a first support material which includes cellulose acetate phthalate; and
a dye system which exhibits a color change in response to the reaction product, the dye being supported on a second support material. - View Dependent Claims (49, 50, 51, 52)
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53. A method of forming a sensing element comprising:
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immobilizing an enzyme on a first support material; and
immobilizing a dye system on a second support material. - View Dependent Claims (54, 55, 56, 57)
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58. A method of detecting an analyte in a fluid comprising:
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positioning a sensor probe in the fluid, the sensor probe including;
a sensing element which exhibits a detectable change in response to the analyte, the sensing element including;
an immobilized optical sensing system comprising;
an enzyme capable of catalyzing a reaction of the analyte to from a reaction product, an ionophore which extracts an ion from the reaction product, and a chromoionophore sensitive to the ion which exhibits a detectable color change in response to the ion; and
detecting the color change with a detection system. - View Dependent Claims (59, 60, 61, 62, 63)
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Specification